Chapter XII

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

in regard to academic matters

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

in actual fact

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading He was, indeed, without any pretence of book-learning, a certain kind of scientific man that science has really been unfortunate in losing.

any thing at all

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

an area of sand sloping down to the water of a sea or lake

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

for the reason that

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He was, indeed, without any pretence of book-learning, a certain kind of scientific man that science has really been unfortunate in losing.

earlier than; in front of

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was, indeed, without any pretence of book-learning, a certain kind of scientific man that science has really been unfortunate in losing.

a biologist specializing in the study of plants

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading He was, indeed, without any pretence of book-learning, a certain kind of scientific man that science has really been unfortunate in losing.

the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

any substance that can be used as food

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

standing above others in quality or position

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

divisible by two

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

have an existence, be extant

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

to a high degree or extent; favorably or with much respect

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

a social unit living together

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

set up or found

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

the taxonomic kingdom including yeast, molds, smuts, mushrooms, and toadstools; distinct from the green plants

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

an organism of the kingdom Fungi lacking chlorophyll and feeding on organic matter; ranging from unicellular or multicellular organisms to spore-bearing syncytia

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

a unit of magnetomotive force equal to 0.7958 ampere-turns

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

plural of “habit” — an established custom

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was, indeed, without any pretence of book-learning, a certain kind of scientific man that science has really been unfortunate in losing.

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading He was, indeed, without any pretence of book-learning, a certain kind of scientific man that science has really been unfortunate in losing.

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

an occurrence of something

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

(Old Testament) the second patriarch; son of Abraham and Sarah who was offered by Abraham as a sacrifice to God; father of Jacob and Esau

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading He was, indeed, without any pretence of book-learning, a certain kind of scientific man that science has really been unfortunate in losing.

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

-ing form of “lose” — fail to keep or to maintain; cease to have, either physically or in an abstract sense

From this reading He was, indeed, without any pretence of book-learning, a certain kind of scientific man that science has really been unfortunate in losing.

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading He was, indeed, without any pretence of book-learning, a certain kind of scientific man that science has really been unfortunate in losing.

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

plural of “mushroom” — common name for an edible agaric (contrasting with the inedible toadstool)

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

an advocate of the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

out of fashion

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

a false or unsupportable quality

From this reading He was, indeed, without any pretence of book-learning, a certain kind of scientific man that science has really been unfortunate in losing.

someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading He was, indeed, without any pretence of book-learning, a certain kind of scientific man that science has really been unfortunate in losing.

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading He was, indeed, without any pretence of book-learning, a certain kind of scientific man that science has really been unfortunate in losing.

of or relating to the practice of science

From this reading He was, indeed, without any pretence of book-learning, a certain kind of scientific man that science has really been unfortunate in losing.

relating to human society and its members

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

in a subtle manner

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

express in words

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He was, indeed, without any pretence of book-learning, a certain kind of scientific man that science has really been unfortunate in losing.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

in an exhaustive manner

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

plural of “truffle” — any of various highly prized edible subterranean fungi of the genus Tuber; grow naturally in southwestern Europe

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.

a fact that has been verified

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

exhibiting the qualities or characteristics that identify a group or kind or category

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune

From this reading He was, indeed, without any pretence of book-learning, a certain kind of scientific man that science has really been unfortunate in losing.

a diet excluding all meat and fish

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

English composer (1902-1983)

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading And every truth a man has found out as a man of science is always subtly different from any truth he has found out as a man, because a man’s family, friends, habits and social type have always got well under way before he has thoroughly learned the theory of anything.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading VEGETARIANISM IN THE FOREST HUMPHREY PUMP’S cooking of a fungus in an old frying-pan (which he had found on the beach) was extremely typical of him.

a Caucasian

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

which person or people

From this reading He was the old-fashioned English Naturalist like Gilbert White or even Isaac Walton, who learned things not academically like an American Professor, but actually, like an American Indian.

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading He was, indeed, without any pretence of book-learning, a certain kind of scientific man that science has really been unfortunate in losing.

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading For instance, any eminent botanist at a _Soirée_ of the Royal Society could tell you, of course, that other edible fungi exist, as well as mushrooms and truffles.