Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Fortunes of Nigel
The Fortunes of Nigel

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Fortunes of Nigel is here in full — 157 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Fortunes of Nigel
Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.
_Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.
But Master George seemed neither displeased nor disconcerted.
He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."
There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Fortunes of Nigel

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Fortunes of Nigel is here in full — 157 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.
Line 2
_Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.
/red miː maɪ ˈrɪdəl ðə jʌŋ ˈskɑːtɪʃ ˈnoʊbəlmən rəˈsiːvd ðə ˈsɪtəzən wɪð ˈdɪstənt pəˈlaɪtnəs ɪkˈspresɪŋ ðæt sɔːrt ʌv rɪˈzɜːrv baɪ wɪtʃ ðoʊz ʌv ðə ˈhaɪər ræŋks ɑːr səmˈtaɪmz ˈwɪlɪŋ tuː meɪk ə pləˈbiːən ˈsensəbəl ðæt hiː ɪz æn ˌɪnˈtruːdər/
Line 3
But Master George seemed neither displeased nor disconcerted.
Line 4
He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."
Line 5
There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

In's noun US /ɪnz/

possessive form of “in” — a unit of length equal to one twelfth of a foot

From this reading “Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.”

intruder noun US /ˌɪnˈtruːdər/

someone who intrudes on the privacy or property of another without permission

From this reading “_Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.”

plebeian noun US /pləˈbiːən/

one of the common people

From this reading “_Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.”

proverb noun US /ˈprɑːvərb/

a condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many people

From this reading “Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.”

Riddle verb US /ˈrɪdəl/

pierce with many holes

From this reading “_Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.”

rudeness noun US /ˈruːdnəs/

a manner that is rude and insulting

From this reading “He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."”

Scottish noun US /ˈskɑːtɪʃ/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading “_Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.”

statesman's noun US /ˈsteɪtsmənz/

possessive form of “statesman” — a man who is a respected leader in national or international affairs

From this reading “Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.”

All words in this reading · 142

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

assumedadjectiveUS /əˈsuːmd/

adopted in order to deceive

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

attentivelyadverbUS /əˈtentɪvli/

with attention; in an attentive manner

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

Ay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

BearsnounUS /berz/

plural of “bear” — massive plantigrade carnivorous or omnivorous mammals with long shaggy coats and strong claws

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

brainnounUS /breɪn/

that part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

burnsnounUS /bɜːrnz/

United States comedian and film actor (1896-1996)

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But Master George seemed neither displeased nor disconcerted.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

capnounUS /kæp/

a tight-fitting headdress

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

chainnounUS /tʃeɪn/

a series of things depending on each other as if linked together

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

chairnounUS /tʃer/

a seat for one person, with a support for the back

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

citizennounUS /ˈsɪtəzən/

a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

clouted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

countenancenounUS /ˈkaʊntənəns/

the appearance conveyed by a person's face

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

craftnounUS /kræft/

the skilled practice of a practical occupation

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

deferencenounUS /ˈdefərəns/

a courteous expression (by word or deed) of esteem or regard

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

disconcertedadjective

having self-possession upset; thrown into confusion

From this reading But Master George seemed neither displeased nor disconcerted.

displeasedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspliːzd/

not pleased; experiencing or manifesting displeasure

From this reading But Master George seemed neither displeased nor disconcerted.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

emotionnounUS /ɪˈmoʊʃən/

any strong feeling

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

endeavouring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

ereconjunctionUS /er/

an old word for “before”

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

excellentadjectiveUS /ˈeksələnt/

very good; of the highest quality

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

expressingverbUS /ɪkˈspresɪŋ/

-ing form of “express” — give expression to

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

featherverbUS /ˈfeðər/

join tongue and groove, in carpentry

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

flatadjectiveUS /flæt/

having a surface without slope, tilt in which no part is higher or lower than another

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

forgiveverbUS /fərˈɡɪv/

stop blaming or grant forgiveness

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

GeorgenounUS /dʒɔːrdʒ/

Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading But Master George seemed neither displeased nor disconcerted.

Glenvarloch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

goldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

grogramnoun

a coarse fabric of silk mixed with wool or mohair and often stiffened with gum

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

hathauxiliary verbUS /hæθ/

an old form of “has”

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

higheradjectiveUS /ˈhaɪər/

advanced in complexity or elaboration

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

In'snounUS /ɪnz/

possessive form of “in” — a unit of length equal to one twelfth of a foot

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

in't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

intrudernounUS /ˌɪnˈtruːdər/

someone who intrudes on the privacy or property of another without permission

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

MasternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading But Master George seemed neither displeased nor disconcerted.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

moment'snounUS /ˈmoʊmənts/

possessive form of “moment” — a particular point in time

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading But Master George seemed neither displeased nor disconcerted.

Nigel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

nightcapnoun

an alcoholic drink taken at bedtime; often alcoholic

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

noblemannounUS /ˈnoʊbəlmən/

a titled peer of the realm

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading But Master George seemed neither displeased nor disconcerted.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

oftadverbUS /ɔːft/

many times at short intervals

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

ofttimesadverb

many times at short intervals

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

OrconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

pausenounUS /pɔːz/

a time interval during which there is a temporary cessation of something

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

plebeiannounUS /pləˈbiːən/

one of the common people

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

politenessnounUS /pəˈlaɪtnəs/

a courteous manner that respects accepted social usage

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

proverbnounUS /ˈprɑːvərb/

a condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many people

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

ranksnounUS /ræŋks/

plural of “rank” — a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

ReadverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

reckonedverbUS /ˈrekənd/

past form of “reckon” — expect, believe, or suppose

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

repliedverbUS /rɪˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “reply” — react verbally

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

reservenounUS /rɪˈzɜːrv/

formality and propriety of manner

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

reservedadjectiveUS /rɪˈzɜːrvd/

set aside for the use of a particular person or party

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

respectableadjectiveUS /rɪˈspektəbəl/

characterized by socially or conventionally acceptable morals

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

respectsnounUS /rɪˈspekts/

(often used with “pay”) a formal expression of esteem

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

RiddleverbUS /ˈrɪdəl/

pierce with many holes

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

rudenessnounUS /ˈruːdnəs/

a manner that is rude and insulting

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

rusticadjectiveUS /ˈrʌstɪk/

characteristic of rural life

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

saysnounUS /sez/

plural of “say” — the chance to speak

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

ScottishnounUS /ˈskɑːtɪʃ/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading But Master George seemed neither displeased nor disconcerted.

seethes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

sensibleadjectiveUS /ˈsensəbəl/

showing reason or sound judgment

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

shoenounUS /ʃuː/

footwear shaped to fit the foot (below the ankle) with a flexible upper of leather or plastic and a sole and heel of heavier material

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

shoesnounUS /ʃuːz/

a particular situation

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

sirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

statesman'snounUS /ˈsteɪtsmənz/

possessive form of “statesman” — a man who is a respected leader in national or international affairs

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

suitverbUS /suːt/

be agreeable or acceptable to

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was a moment's pause ere young Glenvarloch replied, still with a reserved manner,--"I have been reckoned like my father, sir; and am happy to see any one that respects his memory.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

tracenounUS /treɪs/

a just detectable amount

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

unmingledadjective

not mixed with extraneous elements

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

velvetnounUS /ˈvelvət/

a silky densely piled fabric with a plain back

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

well-black'd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

willingadjectiveUS /ˈwɪlɪŋ/

disposed or inclined toward

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

WiseradjectiveUS /ˈwaɪzər/

comparative of “wise” — having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading _Read me my Riddle._ The young Scottish nobleman received the citizen with distant politeness, expressing that sort of reserve by which those of the higher ranks are sometimes willing to make a plebeian sensible that he is an intruder.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Ay, sir, the clouted shoe hath oft times craft in't, As says the rustic proverb; and your citizen, In's grogram suit, gold chain, and well-black'd shoes, Bears under his flat cap ofttimes a brain Wiser than burns beneath the cap and feather, Or seethes within the statesman's velvet nightcap.

youthfuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːθfəl/

suggestive of youth; vigorous and fresh

From this reading He assumed the chair, which, in deference to his respectable appearance, Lord Nigel offered to him, and said, after a moment's pause, during which he had looked attentively at the young man, with respect not unmingled with emotion--"You will forgive me for this rudeness, my lord; but I was endeavouring to trace in your youthful countenance the features of my good old lord, your excellent father."

Chapter 4 of The Fortunes of Nigel by Walter Scott holds 157 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Fortunes of Nigel contain?

Chapter 4 holds 157 sentences of The Fortunes of Nigel, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Fortunes of Nigel by Walter Scott exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 157 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Fortunes of Nigel?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Fortunes of Nigel

Common questions about reading The Fortunes of Nigel by Walter Scott on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Fortunes of Nigel?

Yes. All 5935 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5950 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Fortunes of Nigel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5950, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Fortunes of Nigel take to read?

About 494 minutes of reading across 1187 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Fortunes of Nigel section by section

How to work through The Fortunes of Nigel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of The Fortunes of Nigel to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Fortunes of Nigel

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Fortunes of Nigel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fortunes of Nigel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Agreed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fortunes of Nigel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Saunders
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fortunes of Nigel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hastes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fortunes of Nigel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.