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The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance
The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance is here in full — 168 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance
Context Illustration Reading 1/33 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A CHALLENGE Oh, that stern, unbending man!
In this unhappy marriage what have I Not suffered--not endured!
SCHILLER'S WALLENSTEIN.
Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!
SHAKSPEARE.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance is here in full — 168 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/33 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A CHALLENGE Oh, that stern, unbending man!
/ə ˈtʃæləndʒ oʊ ðæt stɜːrn ˌʌnˈbendɪŋ mæn/
Line 2
In this unhappy marriage what have I Not suffered--not endured!
Line 3
SCHILLER'S WALLENSTEIN.
/ˈʃɪlərz ˈwɔːlənstaɪn/
Line 4
Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!
/wʌns mɔːr ˈʌntuː ðə briːtʃ dɪr frendz wʌns mɔːr ɔːr kloʊs ðə wɔːl ʌp wɪð ˈaʊər ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ ded/
Line 5
SHAKSPEARE.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

breach verb US /briːtʃ/

act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises

From this reading “Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!”

challenge verb US /ˈtʃæləndʒ/

take exception to

From this reading “A CHALLENGE Oh, that stern, unbending man!”

endured verb US /enˈdjʊrd/

past form of “endure” — put up with something or somebody unpleasant

From this reading “In this unhappy marriage what have I Not suffered--not endured!”

schiller's noun US /ˈʃɪlərz/

possessive form of “schiller” — German romantic writer (1759-1805)

From this reading “SCHILLER'S WALLENSTEIN.”

stern adjective US /stɜːrn/

of a stern or strict bearing or demeanor; forbidding in aspect

From this reading “A CHALLENGE Oh, that stern, unbending man!”

unbending adjective US /ˌʌnˈbendɪŋ/

incapable of adapting or changing to meet circumstances

From this reading “A CHALLENGE Oh, that stern, unbending man!”

unhappy adjective US /ənˈhæpi/

experiencing or marked by or causing sadness or sorrow or discontent

From this reading “In this unhappy marriage what have I Not suffered--not endured!”

wallenstein noun US /ˈwɔːlənstaɪn/

Austrian general who fought for the Hapsburgs during the Thirty Years' War (1583-1634)

From this reading “SCHILLER'S WALLENSTEIN.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Once more adverb + adjective

anew

In this reading “Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!”

unhappy marriage adjective + noun

In this reading “In this unhappy marriage what have I Not suffered--not endured!”

dear friends adjective + noun counted as “dear friend”

In this reading “Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!”

All words in this reading · 35

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A CHALLENGE Oh, that stern, unbending man!

breachverbUS /briːtʃ/

act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises

From this reading Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!

CHALLENGEverbUS /ˈtʃæləndʒ/

take exception to

From this reading A CHALLENGE Oh, that stern, unbending man!

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!

dearadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!

enduredverbUS /enˈdjʊrd/

past form of “endure” — put up with something or somebody unpleasant

From this reading In this unhappy marriage what have I Not suffered--not endured!

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading In this unhappy marriage what have I Not suffered--not endured!

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading In this unhappy marriage what have I Not suffered--not endured!

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In this unhappy marriage what have I Not suffered--not endured!

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading A CHALLENGE Oh, that stern, unbending man!

marriagenounUS /ˈmerɪdʒ/

the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)

From this reading In this unhappy marriage what have I Not suffered--not endured!

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading In this unhappy marriage what have I Not suffered--not endured!

OhnounUS /oʊ/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading A CHALLENGE Oh, that stern, unbending man!

OnceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!

OrconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!

SCHILLER'SnounUS /ˈʃɪlərz/

possessive form of “schiller” — German romantic writer (1759-1805)

From this reading SCHILLER'S WALLENSTEIN.

SHAKSPEARE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SHAKSPEARE.

sternadjectiveUS /stɜːrn/

of a stern or strict bearing or demeanor; forbidding in aspect

From this reading A CHALLENGE Oh, that stern, unbending man!

sufferedverbUS /ˈsʌfərd/

past form of “suffer” — undergo or be subjected to

From this reading In this unhappy marriage what have I Not suffered--not endured!

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A CHALLENGE Oh, that stern, unbending man!

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In this unhappy marriage what have I Not suffered--not endured!

unbendingadjectiveUS /ˌʌnˈbendɪŋ/

incapable of adapting or changing to meet circumstances

From this reading A CHALLENGE Oh, that stern, unbending man!

unhappyadjectiveUS /ənˈhæpi/

experiencing or marked by or causing sadness or sorrow or discontent

From this reading In this unhappy marriage what have I Not suffered--not endured!

untoprepositionUS /ˈʌntuː/

an old word for “to”

From this reading Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!

WALLENSTEINnounUS /ˈwɔːlənstaɪn/

Austrian general who fought for the Hapsburgs during the Thirty Years' War (1583-1634)

From this reading SCHILLER'S WALLENSTEIN.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading In this unhappy marriage what have I Not suffered--not endured!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, Or close the wall up with our English dead!

Chapter 31 of The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley holds 168 sentences, grouped into 34 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance contain?

Chapter 31 holds 168 sentences of The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance, unabridged, divided into 34 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 168 sentences, grouped into 34 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance?

Work through the 34 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 34 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance

Common questions about reading The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance?

Yes. All 6709 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #66749 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #66749, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance take to read?

About 559 minutes of reading across 1342 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance section by section

How to work through The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Perkin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Warbeck
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Romance
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Frankenstein
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: a romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.