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The Forty-Five Guardsmen
The Forty-Five Guardsmen

Chapter I

Cover illustration for The Forty-Five Guardsmen
Context Illustration Reading 1/41 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE PORTE ST.
ANTOINE.
On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.
A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.
Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Forty-Five Guardsmen

Chapter I

Reading 1/41 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE PORTE ST.
Line 2
ANTOINE.
Line 3
On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.
Line 4
A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.
Line 5
Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

After preposition US /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.”

Again noun US /again/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.”

Along preposition US /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading “Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.”

Behind preposition US /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading “A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.”

Morning noun US /morning/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.”

Once noun US /once/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.”

Outside noun US /ˈoutside/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.”

Passed noun US /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.”

Still noun US /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.”

Themselves pronoun US /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading “Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.”

Through noun US /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.”

All words in this reading · 54

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1585

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

26th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

againnounUS /again/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

ANTOINE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ANTOINE.

arranged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

barrier

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.

barriers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

bordered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.

closed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

contrary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

custom

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.

favorite

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

guard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

half-past

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

hedges

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.

Henri

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

hour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

III

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

king

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

morningnounUS /morning/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

October

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

Once

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.

outsidenounUS /ˈoutside/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.

passednounUS /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

PORTE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PORTE ST.

quarter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

road

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.

side

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.

ST

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PORTE ST.

stillnounUS /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

Swiss

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

ten

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE PORTE ST.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.

then

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Once through, they arranged themselves along the hedges, which, outside the barrier, bordered each side of the road.

throughnounUS /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

troops

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

twenty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading On the 26th of October, 1585, the barriers of the Porte St. Antoine were, contrary to custom, still closed at half-past ten in the morning.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading A quarter of an hour after, a guard of twenty Swiss, the favorite troops of Henri III., then king, passed through these barriers, which were again closed behind them.