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The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1
The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1 is here in full — 136 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.
His father had been a sailor, his grandfather a sailor, his uncles sailors, and the sons of these uncles also sailors.
Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.
The old sailor greatly wished his ward to continue the uninterrupted course of the Cuevas with regard to a profession.
To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1 is here in full — 136 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.
Line 2
His father had been a sailor, his grandfather a sailor, his uncles sailors, and the sons of these uncles also sailors.
/hɪz ˈfɑːðər hæd bɪn ə ˈseɪlər hɪz ˈɡrændfɑːðər ə ˈseɪlər hɪz ˈʌŋkəlz ˈseɪlərz ənd ðə sʌnz ʌv ðiːz ˈʌŋkəlz ˈɔːlsoʊ ˈseɪlərz/
Line 3
Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.
Line 4
The old sailor greatly wished his ward to continue the uninterrupted course of the Cuevas with regard to a profession.
Line 5
To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.
/tuː əˈweɪkən ɪn hɪm ə lʌv ʌv ðə siː ɔːr tuː meɪk hɪm teɪk ə ˈfænsi tuː ɪt hiː bɑːt hɪm ə ˈbjuːtəfəl ˈseɪlɪŋ boʊt ɪn wɪtʃ ðeɪ boʊθ tʊk trɪps ɔːr went ɑːn ˈfɪʃɪŋ ˌekspəˈdɪʃənz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

awaken verb US /əˈweɪkən/

cause to become awake or conscious

From this reading “To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.”

expeditions noun US /ˌekspəˈdɪʃənz/

plural of “expedition” — a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading “To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.”

immemorial adjective US /ˌɪməˈmɔːriəl/

long past; beyond the limits of memory or tradition or recorded history

From this reading “THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.”

Las noun US /lɑːs/

plural of “la” — a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading “THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.”

orphaned adjective US /ˈɔːrfənd/

deprived of parents by death or desertion

From this reading “Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.”

trips noun US /trɪps/

plural of “trip” — a journey for some purpose (usually including the return)

From this reading “To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.”

uncles noun US /ˈʌŋkəlz/

plural of “uncle” — the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt

From this reading “His father had been a sailor, his grandfather a sailor, his uncles sailors, and the sons of these uncles also sailors.”

uninterrupted adjective US /ˌʌnɪntərˈʌptɪd/

having undisturbed continuity

From this reading “The old sailor greatly wished his ward to continue the uninterrupted course of the Cuevas with regard to a profession.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

fishing expeditions noun + noun counted as “fishing expedition”

an investigation undertaken in the hope (but not the stated purpose) of discovering information

In this reading “To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.”

eight years adjective + noun

In this reading “Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.”

considerable fortune adjective + noun

In this reading “Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.”

sailing boat noun + noun

a small sailing vessel; usually with a single mast

In this reading “To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.”

old sailor adjective + noun

In this reading “The old sailor greatly wished his ward to continue the uninterrupted course of the Cuevas with regard to a profession.”

went on verb + particle counted as “go on”

continue a certain state, condition, or activity

In this reading “To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.”

take a fancy verb + article + noun counted as “take … fancy”

In this reading “To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.”

with regard preposition + noun

In this reading “The old sailor greatly wished his ward to continue the uninterrupted course of the Cuevas with regard to a profession.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading His father had been a sailor, his grandfather a sailor, his uncles sailors, and the sons of these uncles also sailors.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading His father had been a sailor, his grandfather a sailor, his uncles sailors, and the sons of these uncles also sailors.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

awakenverbUS /əˈweɪkən/

cause to become awake or conscious

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

belongedverbUS /bɪˈlɔːŋd/

past form of “belong” — be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

BETROTHALnoun

a mutual promise to marry

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

boatnounUS /boʊt/

a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

boughtverbUS /bɑːt/

inflected form of “buy” — obtain by purchase; acquire by means of a financial transaction

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

continueverbUS /kənˈtɪnjuː/

continue a certain state, condition, or activity

From this reading The old sailor greatly wished his ward to continue the uninterrupted course of the Cuevas with regard to a profession.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading The old sailor greatly wished his ward to continue the uninterrupted course of the Cuevas with regard to a profession.

Cuevas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

DonnounUS /dɑːn/

a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

expeditionsnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃənz/

plural of “expedition” — a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

fancynounUS /ˈfænsi/

something many people believe that is false

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading His father had been a sailor, his grandfather a sailor, his uncles sailors, and the sons of these uncles also sailors.

fishingnounUS /ˈfɪʃɪŋ/

the act of someone who fishes as a diversion

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

fortunenounUS /ˈfɔːrtʃən/

an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

Gonzalo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

grandfathernounUS /ˈɡrændfɑːðər/

the father of your father or mother

From this reading His father had been a sailor, his grandfather a sailor, his uncles sailors, and the sons of these uncles also sailors.

greatlyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪtli/

to an extraordinary extent or degree

From this reading The old sailor greatly wished his ward to continue the uninterrupted course of the Cuevas with regard to a profession.

guardiannounUS /ˈɡɑːrdiən/

a person who cares for persons or property

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His father had been a sailor, his grandfather a sailor, his uncles sailors, and the sons of these uncles also sailors.

hugeadjectiveUS /hjuːdʒ/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

immemorialadjectiveUS /ˌɪməˈmɔːriəl/

long past; beyond the limits of memory or tradition or recorded history

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

LasnounUS /lɑːs/

plural of “la” — a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

managedverbUS /ˈmænədʒd/

past form of “manage” — be successful; achieve a goal

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

Melchor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The old sailor greatly wished his ward to continue the uninterrupted course of the Cuevas with regard to a profession.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

orphanedadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrfənd/

deprived of parents by death or desertion

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

possessedadjectiveUS /pəˈzest/

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

professionnounUS /prəˈfeʃən/

the body of people in a learned occupation

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

regardnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading The old sailor greatly wished his ward to continue the uninterrupted course of the Cuevas with regard to a profession.

sailingnounUS /ˈseɪlɪŋ/

the work of a sailor

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

sailornounUS /ˈseɪlər/

any member of a ship's crew

From this reading His father had been a sailor, his grandfather a sailor, his uncles sailors, and the sons of these uncles also sailors.

sailorsnounUS /ˈseɪlərz/

plural of “sailor” — any member of a ship's crew

From this reading His father had been a sailor, his grandfather a sailor, his uncles sailors, and the sons of these uncles also sailors.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

seafaringnoun

the work of a sailor

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

sonsnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading His father had been a sailor, his grandfather a sailor, his uncles sailors, and the sons of these uncles also sailors.

staturenounUS /ˈstætʃər/

high level of respect gained by impressive development or achievement

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading His father had been a sailor, his grandfather a sailor, his uncles sailors, and the sons of these uncles also sailors.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

tripsnounUS /trɪps/

plural of “trip” — a journey for some purpose (usually including the return)

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

unclenounUS /ˈʌŋkəl/

the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

unclesnounUS /ˈʌŋkəlz/

plural of “uncle” — the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt

From this reading His father had been a sailor, his grandfather a sailor, his uncles sailors, and the sons of these uncles also sailors.

uninterruptedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnɪntərˈʌptɪd/

having undisturbed continuity

From this reading The old sailor greatly wished his ward to continue the uninterrupted course of the Cuevas with regard to a profession.

wardnounUS /wɔːrd/

a person who is under the protection or in the custody of another

From this reading The old sailor greatly wished his ward to continue the uninterrupted course of the Cuevas with regard to a profession.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading To awaken in him a love of the sea, or to make him take a fancy to it, he bought him a beautiful sailing boat, in which they both took trips, or went on fishing expeditions.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE BETROTHAL The family of Las Cuevas, to which Gonzalo belonged, had from time immemorial been huge in stature, and seafaring by profession.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

wishedverbUS /wɪʃt/

past form of “wish” — hope for; have a wish

From this reading The old sailor greatly wished his ward to continue the uninterrupted course of the Cuevas with regard to a profession.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The old sailor greatly wished his ward to continue the uninterrupted course of the Cuevas with regard to a profession.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Gonzalo when not eight years of age was left orphaned of both father and mother, and possessed of a considerable fortune, managed by his uncle and guardian, Don Melchor, in whose care he had been left by his father at his death.

Chapter 5 of The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1 by Armando Palacio Valdés holds 136 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1 contain?

Chapter 5 holds 136 sentences of The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1 by Armando Palacio Valdés exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 136 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1

Common questions about reading The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1 by Armando Palacio Valdés on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1?

Yes. All 3632 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #38393 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #38393, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1 take to read?

About 302 minutes of reading across 727 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1 section by section

How to work through The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Early
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Writings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Distinguished
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Native
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fourth Estate, Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.