Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Fourth Generation
The Fourth Generation

Chapter XVI

Cover illustration for The Fourth Generation
Context Illustration Reading 1/43 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
“BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.
Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.
If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?
I should be inclined rather to ascribe the case to some influences of the past, not to be discovered, due to some maternal ancestry.
A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.”
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Fourth Generation

Chapter XVI

Reading 1/43 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
“BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.
Line 2
Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.
Line 3
If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?
Line 4
I should be inclined rather to ascribe the case to some influences of the past, not to be discovered, due to some maternal ancestry.
Line 5
A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.”

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.”

Has auxiliary verb US /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.”

Ignorant noun US /ˈignorant/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.””

May modal verb US /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading “A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.””

Must modal verb US /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading ““BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.”

Never noun US /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?”

Thing noun US /thing/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?”

While conjunction US /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading ““BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.”

All words in this reading · 106

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

altogether

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

ancestry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I should be inclined rather to ascribe the case to some influences of the past, not to be discovered, due to some maternal ancestry.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

answers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.”

arranging

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

ascribe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I should be inclined rather to ascribe the case to some influences of the past, not to be discovered, due to some maternal ancestry.

bad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

BARLOW

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

becomes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

better

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

boy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

breaks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

BROTHERS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

carefully

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

case

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

cases

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

cause

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.”

clearness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

completely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.”

confessed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

connect

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

connected

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

consequence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

difficulties

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

discovered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I should be inclined rather to ascribe the case to some influences of the past, not to be discovered, due to some maternal ancestry.

down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

due

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I should be inclined rather to ascribe the case to some influences of the past, not to be discovered, due to some maternal ancestry.

early

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.”

educated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

examples

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

family

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

faults

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

Given

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

grandfather

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

grandmother

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.”

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

hereditary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I should be inclined rather to ascribe the case to some influences of the past, not to be discovered, due to some maternal ancestry.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

ignorantnounUS /ˈignorant/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

inclined

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I should be inclined rather to ascribe the case to some influences of the past, not to be discovered, due to some maternal ancestry.

influences

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I should be inclined rather to ascribe the case to some influences of the past, not to be discovered, due to some maternal ancestry.

instance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

Leonard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.”

line

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.”

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.”

maternal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I should be inclined rather to ascribe the case to some influences of the past, not to be discovered, due to some maternal ancestry.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.”

member

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.”

misfortunes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

most

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

mother

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.”

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

nevernounUS /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I should be inclined rather to ascribe the case to some influences of the past, not to be discovered, due to some maternal ancestry.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.”

own

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

paper

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

past

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I should be inclined rather to ascribe the case to some influences of the past, not to be discovered, due to some maternal ancestry.

prodigal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

rather

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I should be inclined rather to ascribe the case to some influences of the past, not to be discovered, due to some maternal ancestry.

search

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.”

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading I should be inclined rather to ascribe the case to some influences of the past, not to be discovered, due to some maternal ancestry.

shows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

signs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading A man, for instance, may be so completely unlike any other member of the family that we must search for the cause of his early life in the line of his mother or his grandmother.”

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

spendthrift

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

theory

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

there

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

thingnounUS /thing/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

thoughts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

trouble

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

unknown

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

unlike

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

vice

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

vices

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Given, for instance, a case in which a boy is carefully educated, has no bad examples before him, shows no signs of vice, and is ignorant of the family misfortunes.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading “BARLOW BROTHERS” “The theory of consequence”--Leonard was arranging his thoughts on paper for better clearness--“while it answers most of the difficulties connected with hereditary trouble, breaks down, it must be confessed, in some cases.

worse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If that boy becomes a spendthrift and a prodigal, or worse, when there has never before been such a thing in the family, how can we connect the case with the faults or vices of a grandfather altogether unlike his own, and unknown to him?