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The Fourth Invasion
The Fourth Invasion

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Fourth Invasion is here in full — 97 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Fourth Invasion
Context Illustration Reading 1/19 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.
And mass hysteria is by no means a product of the present century.
But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.
For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.
"You say, Corelli, that you saw three--er, Martian--ships.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Fourth Invasion

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Fourth Invasion is here in full — 97 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/19 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.
/ˌsaɪkəpæˈθɔːləɡiː hæz ˈɔːfərd ˈpɑːsəbəl ˈænsərz tuː waɪ frʌm taɪm tuː taɪm ˈpiːpəl ɪn lɑːrdʒ ˈkwɑːntətiz siː streɪndʒ θɪŋz ɪn ðə skaɪ wɪtʃ ˈmænədʒ tuː ɪˈveɪd treɪnd ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk əbˈzɜːrvərz ɔːr kənˈfɔːrm tuː wʌt ɪz noʊn əˈbaʊt ðə bɪˈheɪvjər ʌv ˈfɑːlɪŋ ɔːr ˈflaɪɪŋ ˈbɑːdiz/
Line 2
And mass hysteria is by no means a product of the present century.
/ənd mæs hɪˈsteriə ɪz baɪ noʊ miːnz ə ˈprɑːdəkt ʌv ðə ˈprezənt ˈsentʃəri/
Line 3
But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.
Line 4
For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.
Line 5
"You say, Corelli, that you saw three--er, Martian--ships.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

classroom noun US /ˈklæsruːm/

a room in a school where lessons take place

From this reading “For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.”

exploited adjective US /ˈeksplɔɪtəd/

developed or used to greatest advantage

From this reading “But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.”

feigning noun US /ˈfeɪnɪŋ/

pretending with intention to deceive

From this reading “For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.”

foibles noun US /ˈfɔɪbəlz/

plural of “foible” — a behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individual

From this reading “But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.”

hysteria noun US /hɪˈsteriə/

state of violent mental agitation

From this reading “And mass hysteria is by no means a product of the present century.”

Martian noun US /ˈmɑːrʃən/

imaginary people who live on the planet Mars

From this reading “"You say, Corelli, that you saw three--er, Martian--ships.”

Psychopathology noun US /ˌsaɪkəpæˈθɔːləɡiː/

the branch of psychology concerned with abnormal behavior

uninspiring adjective US /ənɪnˈspaɪrɪŋ/

depressing to the spirit

From this reading “For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.”

All words in this reading · 101

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading And mass hysteria is by no means a product of the present century.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And mass hysteria is by no means a product of the present century.

answersnounUS /ˈænsərz/

plural of “answer” — a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

behaviornounUS /bɪˈheɪvjər/

manner of acting or controlling yourself

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

bodiesnounUS /ˈbɑːdiz/

plural of “body” — the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading And mass hysteria is by no means a product of the present century.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading And mass hysteria is by no means a product of the present century.

classroomnounUS /ˈklæsruːm/

a room in a school where lessons take place

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

Clayton's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

conformverbUS /kənˈfɔːrm/

be similar, be in line with

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

Corellinoun

Italian violinist and composer of violin concertos (1653-1713)

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

deliberatelyadverbUS /dɪˈlɪbərətli/

with intention; in an intentional manner

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

desknounUS /desk/

a piece of furniture with a writing surface and usually drawers or other compartments

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

Dr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

embarrassedadjectiveUS /ɪmˈberəst/

feeling or caused to feel ill at ease or self-conscious or ashamed

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

ernounUS /ər/

a trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group; occurs with yttrium

From this reading "You say, Corelli, that you saw three--er, Martian--ships.

evadeverbUS /ɪˈveɪd/

avoid or try to avoid fulfilling, answering, or performing (duties, questions, or issues)

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

exploitedadjectiveUS /ˈeksplɔɪtəd/

developed or used to greatest advantage

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

feigningnounUS /ˈfeɪnɪŋ/

pretending with intention to deceive

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

flyingadjectiveUS /ˈflaɪɪŋ/

moving swiftly

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

foiblesnounUS /ˈfɔɪbəlz/

plural of “foible” — a behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individual

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

groupnounUS /ɡruːp/

any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

hysterianounUS /hɪˈsteriə/

state of violent mental agitation

From this reading And mass hysteria is by no means a product of the present century.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

impassiveadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpæsɪv/

having or revealing little emotion or sensibility; not easily aroused or excited

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

manageverbUS /ˈmænədʒ/

be successful; achieve a goal

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

marblenounUS /ˈmɑːrbəl/

a hard crystalline metamorphic rock that takes a high polish; used for sculpture and as building material

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

MartiannounUS /ˈmɑːrʃən/

imaginary people who live on the planet Mars

From this reading "You say, Corelli, that you saw three--er, Martian--ships.

maskverbUS /mæsk/

hide under a false appearance

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

massnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading And mass hysteria is by no means a product of the present century.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading And mass hysteria is by no means a product of the present century.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading And mass hysteria is by no means a product of the present century.

observersnounUS /əbˈzɜːrvərz/

plural of “observer” — a person who becomes aware (of things or events) through the senses

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

outsideadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on or near the outer side or limit

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

paperweights

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading And mass hysteria is by no means a product of the present century.

productnounUS /ˈprɑːdəkt/

commodities offered for sale

From this reading And mass hysteria is by no means a product of the present century.

PsychopathologynounUS /ˌsaɪkəpæˈθɔːləɡiː/

the branch of psychology concerned with abnormal behavior

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

quantitiesnounUS /ˈkwɑːntətiz/

plural of “quantity” — how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading "You say, Corelli, that you saw three--er, Martian--ships.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading "You say, Corelli, that you saw three--er, Martian--ships.

scenesnounUS /siːnz/

plural of “scene” — the place where some action occurs

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

scientificadjectiveUS /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/

of or relating to the practice of science

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

shiftingadjectiveUS /ˈʃɪftɪŋ/

continuously varying

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

shipsnounUS /ʃɪps/

plural of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading "You say, Corelli, that you saw three--er, Martian--ships.

sidewalknounUS /ˈsaɪdwɔːk/

walk consisting of a paved area for pedestrians; usually beside a street or roadway

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

silencenounUS /ˈsaɪ.ləns/

Complete absence of sound; a state of quietness and stillness.

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "You say, Corelli, that you saw three--er, Martian--ships.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading "You say, Corelli, that you saw three--er, Martian--ships.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

trainedadjectiveUS /treɪnd/

shaped or conditioned or disciplined by training; often used as a combining form

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

uneasilyadverbUS /əˈniːzəli/

with anxiety or apprehension

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

uninspiringadjectiveUS /ənɪnˈspaɪrɪŋ/

depressing to the spirit

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

utterlyadverbUS /ˈʌtərli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading _Psychopathology has offered possible answers to why, from time to time, people in large quantities "see" strange things in the sky which manage to evade trained scientific observers, or conform to what is known about the behavior of falling or flying bodies.

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading For a moment, the little group stood there in embarrassed silence in the classroom, shifting uneasily from one foot to the other, feigning interest in the paperweights upon Clayton's desk, or in the utterly uninspiring scenes on the sidewalk outside the window.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "You say, Corelli, that you saw three--er, Martian--ships.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading But--what if these human foibles were deliberately being exploited?_ Dr. Clayton's face was impassive as a marble mask when he turned to young Corelli.

Chapter 1 of The Fourth Invasion by Robert A. W. (Robert Augustine Ward) Lowndes holds 97 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Fourth Invasion contain?

Chapter 1 holds 97 sentences of The Fourth Invasion, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Fourth Invasion by Robert A. W. (Robert Augustine Ward) Lowndes exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 97 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Fourth Invasion?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Fourth Invasion

Common questions about reading The Fourth Invasion by Robert A. W. (Robert Augustine Ward) Lowndes on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Fourth Invasion?

Yes. All 97 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #23099 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Fourth Invasion is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #23099, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Fourth Invasion take to read?

About 8 minutes of reading across 20 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Fourth Invasion section by section

How to work through The Fourth Invasion section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 1 chapters of The Fourth Invasion to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Fourth Invasion

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Fourth Invasion, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Psychopathology
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fourth Invasion; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Offered
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fourth Invasion; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Possible
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fourth Invasion; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Answers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Fourth Invasion; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.