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The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon
The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon is here in full — 109 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon
Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.
"From this ridge ran several canyons downwards towards the plains.
We passed the heads of two of them, and at the third I stopped.
This was the one which I had seen the Indians entering from the plain.
"'Can you make out anything down there in the darkness, Tom?'
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon is here in full — 109 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.
/ðə ˈkæptənz skiːm dʌsk hæd ˈfɑːlən æz wiː meɪd ˈaʊər weɪ aʊt ʌv ðə ˈkænjən ənd wiː prəˈsiːdɪd ˈsloʊli əˈlɔːŋ ə ˈræðər ber ənd ˈraʊndɪŋ rɪdʒ ˈʌndər ðə laɪt ʌv ðə stɑːrz/
Line 2
"From this ridge ran several canyons downwards towards the plains.
/frʌm ðɪs rɪdʒ ræn ˈsevrəl ˈkænjənz ˈdaʊnwərdz təˈwɔːrdz ðə pleɪnz/
Line 3
We passed the heads of two of them, and at the third I stopped.
/wiː pæst ðə hedz ʌv tuː ʌv ðem ənd æt ðə θɜːrd aɪ stɑːpt/
Line 4
This was the one which I had seen the Indians entering from the plain.
/ðɪs wɑːz ðə wʌn wɪtʃ aɪ hæd siːn ðə ˈɪndiənz ˈentərɪŋ frʌm ðə pleɪn/
Line 5
"'Can you make out anything down there in the darkness, Tom?'
/kæn juː meɪk aʊt ˈeniθɪŋ daʊn ðer ɪn ðə ˈdɑːrknəs tɑːm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

canyon noun US /ˈkænjən/

a ravine formed by a river in an area with little rainfall

From this reading “THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.”

canyons noun US /ˈkænjənz/

plural of “canyon” — a ravine formed by a river in an area with little rainfall

From this reading “"From this ridge ran several canyons downwards towards the plains.”

captain's noun US /ˈkæptənz/

possessive form of “captain” — an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading “THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.”

downwards adverb US /ˈdaʊnwərdz/

spatially or metaphorically from a higher to a lower level or position

From this reading “"From this ridge ran several canyons downwards towards the plains.”

Dusk noun US /dʌsk/

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading “THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.”

plains noun US /pleɪnz/

plural of “plain” — extensive tract of level open land

From this reading “"From this ridge ran several canyons downwards towards the plains.”

ridge noun US /rɪdʒ/

a long narrow natural elevation or striation

From this reading “THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.”

rounding noun US /ˈraʊndɪŋ/

(mathematics) a miscalculation that results from rounding off numbers to a convenient number of decimals

From this reading “THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

proceeded slowly verb + particle counted as “proceed slowly”

In this reading “THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.”

in the darkness preposition + article + noun counted as “in … darkness”

In this reading “"'Can you make out anything down there in the darkness, Tom?'”

make out verb + adjective

detect with the senses

In this reading “"'Can you make out anything down there in the darkness, Tom?'”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading "'Can you make out anything down there in the darkness, Tom?'

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading We passed the heads of two of them, and at the third I stopped.

bareadjectiveUS /ber/

completely unclothed

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

Canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading "'Can you make out anything down there in the darkness, Tom?'

canyonnounUS /ˈkænjən/

a ravine formed by a river in an area with little rainfall

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

canyonsnounUS /ˈkænjənz/

plural of “canyon” — a ravine formed by a river in an area with little rainfall

From this reading "From this ridge ran several canyons downwards towards the plains.

CAPTAIN'SnounUS /ˈkæptənz/

possessive form of “captain” — an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

darknessnounUS /ˈdɑːrknəs/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading "'Can you make out anything down there in the darkness, Tom?'

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading "'Can you make out anything down there in the darkness, Tom?'

downwardsadverbUS /ˈdaʊnwərdz/

spatially or metaphorically from a higher to a lower level or position

From this reading "From this ridge ran several canyons downwards towards the plains.

DusknounUS /dʌsk/

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

enteringnounUS /ˈentərɪŋ/

a movement into or inward

From this reading This was the one which I had seen the Indians entering from the plain.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "From this ridge ran several canyons downwards towards the plains.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading We passed the heads of two of them, and at the third I stopped.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading We passed the heads of two of them, and at the third I stopped.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "'Can you make out anything down there in the darkness, Tom?'

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading This was the one which I had seen the Indians entering from the plain.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading "'Can you make out anything down there in the darkness, Tom?'

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading This was the one which I had seen the Indians entering from the plain.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading We passed the heads of two of them, and at the third I stopped.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading This was the one which I had seen the Indians entering from the plain.

plainsnounUS /pleɪnz/

plural of “plain” — extensive tract of level open land

From this reading "From this ridge ran several canyons downwards towards the plains.

proceededverbUS /prəˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “proceed” — continue talking

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading "From this ridge ran several canyons downwards towards the plains.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

ridgenounUS /rɪdʒ/

a long narrow natural elevation or striation

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

roundingnounUS /ˈraʊndɪŋ/

(mathematics) a miscalculation that results from rounding off numbers to a convenient number of decimals

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

SCHEMEnounUS /skiːm/

an elaborate and systematic plan of action

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading This was the one which I had seen the Indians entering from the plain.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading "From this ridge ran several canyons downwards towards the plains.

slowlyadverbUS /ˈsloʊli/

without speed (“slow” is sometimes used informally for “slowly”)

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

starsnounUS /stɑːrz/

plural of “star” — (astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

stoppedadjectiveUS /stɑːpt/

(of a nose) blocked

From this reading We passed the heads of two of them, and at the third I stopped.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading We passed the heads of two of them, and at the third I stopped.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading "'Can you make out anything down there in the darkness, Tom?'

thirdnounUS /θɜːrd/

one of three equal parts of a divisible whole

From this reading We passed the heads of two of them, and at the third I stopped.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading "From this ridge ran several canyons downwards towards the plains.

TomnounUS /tɑːm/

male cat

From this reading "'Can you make out anything down there in the darkness, Tom?'

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading "From this ridge ran several canyons downwards towards the plains.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading We passed the heads of two of them, and at the third I stopped.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This was the one which I had seen the Indians entering from the plain.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading THE CAPTAIN'S SCHEME "Dusk had fallen as we made our way out of the canyon, and we proceeded slowly along a rather bare and rounding ridge, under the light of the stars.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This was the one which I had seen the Indians entering from the plain.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "'Can you make out anything down there in the darkness, Tom?'

Chapter 8 of The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon by Wyn Roosevelt holds 109 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon contain?

Chapter 8 holds 109 sentences of The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon by Wyn Roosevelt exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 109 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon

Common questions about reading The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon by Wyn Roosevelt on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon?

Yes. All 3474 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #33210 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #33210, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon take to read?

About 289 minutes of reading across 695 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon section by section

How to work through The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Arthur
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Westbrook
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Company
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cleveland
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Frontier Boys in the Grand Canyon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.