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The Galley Slave's Ring
The Galley Slave's Ring

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Galley Slave's Ring is here in full — 292 sentences across 59 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/58 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
GILDAS AND JEANIKE.
On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign
LEBRENN, LINEN DRAPER.
THE SWORD OF BRENNUS.
In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Galley Slave's Ring

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Galley Slave's Ring is here in full — 292 sentences across 59 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/58 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
GILDAS AND JEANIKE.
Line 2
On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign
Line 3
LEBRENN, LINEN DRAPER.
Line 4
THE SWORD OF BRENNUS.
Line 5
In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

banquets noun US /ˈbæŋkwəts/

plural of “banquet” — a ceremonial dinner party for many people

From this reading “On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign”

boulevard noun US /ˈbʊləvɑːrd/

a wide street or thoroughfare

From this reading “On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign”

draper noun US /ˈdreɪpər/

a dealer in fabrics and sewing materials (and sometimes in clothing and drygoods)

From this reading “LEBRENN, LINEN DRAPER.”

epoch noun US /ˈepək/

a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event

From this reading “On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign”

Gallic adjective US /ˈɡælɪk/

of or pertaining to Gaul or the Gauls

From this reading “In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.”

mien noun US /miːn/

dignified manner or conduct

From this reading “In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.”

surmounted adjective US /sərˈmaʊntɪd/

having something on top

From this reading “On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign”

vanquished verb US /ˈvæŋkwɪʃt/

past form of “vanquish” — come out better in a competition, race, or conflict

From this reading “In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

short distance adjective + noun

In this reading “On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign”

several days adjective + noun

In this reading “On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign”

well known adverb + adjective

In this reading “In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.”

two thousand noun + noun

In this reading “In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.”

vanquished by verb + particle counted as “vanquish by”

In this reading “In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.”

odd years adjective + noun

In this reading “In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.”

In fact preposition + noun

in reality or actuality

In this reading “In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.”

about two preposition + noun

In this reading “In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1848

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

23

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

ancestorsnounUS /ˈænsestərz/

plural of “ancestor” — someone from whom you are descended (but usually more remote than a grandparent)

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading GILDAS AND JEANIKE.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

balanceverbUS /ˈbæləns/

bring into balance or equilibrium

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

banquetsnounUS /ˈbæŋkwəts/

plural of “banquet” — a ceremonial dinner party for many people

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

boulevardnounUS /ˈbʊləvɑːrd/

a wide street or thoroughfare

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

BRENNUS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE SWORD OF BRENNUS.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

Denis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

DRAPERnounUS /ˈdreɪpər/

a dealer in fabrics and sewing materials (and sometimes in clothing and drygoods)

From this reading LEBRENN, LINEN DRAPER.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

epochnounUS /ˈepək/

a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

FebruarynounUS /ˈfebjəweri/

the month following January and preceding March

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

GallicadjectiveUS /ˈɡælɪk/

of or pertaining to Gaul or the Gauls

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

GILDAS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading GILDAS AND JEANIKE.

haughtyadjectiveUS /ˈhɔːti/

having or showing arrogant superiority to and disdain of those one views as unworthy

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

historicadjectiveUS /hɪˈstɔːrɪk/

belonging to the past; of what is important or famous in the past

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

incidentnounUS /ˈɪnsədənt/

a single distinct event

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

JEANIKE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading GILDAS AND JEANIKE.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

LEBRENN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LEBRENN, LINEN DRAPER.

LINENnounUS /ˈlɪnən/

a fabric woven with fibers from the flax plant

From this reading LEBRENN, LINEN DRAPER.

miennounUS /miːn/

dignified manner or conduct

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

oddadjectiveUS /ɑːd/

not divisible by two

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

paintedadjectiveUS /ˈpeɪntɪd/

coated with paint

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

ParisnounUS /ˈperɪs/

the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

previousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

profoundlyadverbUS /proʊˈfaʊndli/

to a great depth psychologically or emotionally

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

ransomnounUS /ˈrænsəm/

money demanded for the return of a captured person

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

reformnounUS /rəˈfɔːrm/

a change for the better as a result of correcting abuses

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

representedadjectiveUS /ˌreprɪˈzentɪd/

represented accurately or precisely

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

savageadjectiveUS /ˈsævədʒ/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

scalesnounUS /skeɪlz/

plural of “scale” — an ordered reference standard

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

shopverbUS /ʃɑːp/

do one's shopping

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

signnounUS /saɪn/

a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

stirredadjectiveUS /stɜːrd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

StreetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

surmountedadjectiveUS /sərˈmaʊntɪd/

having something on top

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

SWORDnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading THE SWORD OF BRENNUS.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

throwingverbUS /ˈθroʊɪŋ/

-ing form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

vanquishedverbUS /ˈvæŋkwɪʃt/

past form of “vanquish” — come out better in a competition, race, or conflict

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading On February 23, 1848, the epoch when, for several days previous, all France, and especially Paris, was profoundly stirred by the question of the _reform_ banquets, there was to be seen on St. Denis Street, a short distance from the boulevard, a rather large shop surmounted by the sign

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading In fact, a picture, pretty well drawn and painted, represented the well known historic incident of Brennus, the chief of the Gallic army, throwing with savage and haughty mien his sword into one of the scales of the balance that held the ransom of Rome, vanquished by our Gallic ancestors, about two thousand and odd years ago.

Chapter 1 of The Galley Slave's Ring by Eugène Sue holds 292 sentences, grouped into 59 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Galley Slave's Ring contain?

Chapter 1 holds 292 sentences of The Galley Slave's Ring, unabridged, divided into 59 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Galley Slave's Ring by Eugène Sue exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 292 sentences, grouped into 59 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Galley Slave's Ring?

Work through the 59 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 59 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Galley Slave's Ring

Common questions about reading The Galley Slave's Ring by Eugène Sue on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Galley Slave's Ring?

Yes. All 3401 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37225 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Galley Slave's Ring is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37225, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Galley Slave's Ring take to read?

About 283 minutes of reading across 681 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Galley Slave's Ring section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in The Galley Slave's Ring

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Galley Slave's Ring, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gildas
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Galley Slave's Ring; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Jeanike
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Galley Slave's Ring; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
February
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Galley Slave's Ring; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Epoch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Galley Slave's Ring; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.