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The Gaspards of Pine Croft
The Gaspards of Pine Croft

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of The Gaspards of Pine Croft is here in full — 352 sentences across 71 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Gaspards of Pine Croft
Context Illustration Reading 1/70 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.
The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.
Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.
A few Indian wigwams and well built huts near the forest line completed the picture.
It was early morning and the air was bitter cold and thick with driving snow.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Gaspards of Pine Croft

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of The Gaspards of Pine Croft is here in full — 352 sentences across 71 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/70 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.
/ðə ˈhʌdsənz beɪ poʊst stʊd æt ðə ˈsʌðərn end ʌv ðə leɪk æz dɪd moʊst ˈhʌdsənz beɪ poʊsts ɪn ðə nɔːrθ ˈkʌntri ənd kənˈsɪstəd ʌv ə ɡruːp ʌv lɔːɡ ˈbɪldɪŋz wel kənˈstrʌktəd niːt ɪn əˈpɪrəns ənd wel əˈdæptɪd tuː ðer ˈpɜːrpəsəz ʌv treɪd ənd dɪˈfens/
Line 2
The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.
Line 3
Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.
Line 4
A few Indian wigwams and well built huts near the forest line completed the picture.
Line 5
It was early morning and the air was bitter cold and thick with driving snow.
/ɪt wɑːz ˈɜːrli ˈmɔːrnɪŋ ənd ðə er wɑːz ˈbɪtər koʊld ənd θɪk wɪð ˈdraɪvɪŋ snoʊ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adapted adjective US /əˈdæptɪd/

changed in order to improve or made more fit for a particular purpose

From this reading “The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.”

Hudson's noun US /ˈhʌdsənz/

possessive form of “hudson” — a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century

huts noun US /hʌts/

plural of “hut” — temporary military shelter

From this reading “A few Indian wigwams and well built huts near the forest line completed the picture.”

imposing adjective US /ˌɪmˈpoʊzɪŋ/

impressive in appearance

From this reading “The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.”

outhouses noun US /ˈaʊthaʊsɪz/

plural of “outhouse” — a small outbuilding with a bench having holes through which a user can defecate

From this reading “Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.”

Posts noun US /poʊsts/

plural of “post” — the position where someone (as a guard or sentry) stands or is assigned to stand

From this reading “The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.”

stored verb US /stɔːrd/

past form of “store” — keep or lay aside for future use

From this reading “Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.”

tackle noun US /ˈtækəl/

the person who plays that position on a football team

From this reading “Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

driving snow adjective + noun

In this reading “It was early morning and the air was bitter cold and thick with driving snow.”

early morning adjective + noun

In this reading “It was early morning and the air was bitter cold and thick with driving snow.”

well adapted adverb + adjective

In this reading “The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.”

most imposing adverb + adjective

In this reading “The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.”

southern end adjective + noun

In this reading “The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.”

four walls noun + noun counted as “four wall”

In this reading “The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.”

North Country noun + noun

In this reading “The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.”

consisted of verb + particle counted as “consist of”

In this reading “The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.

adaptedadjectiveUS /əˈdæptɪd/

changed in order to improve or made more fit for a particular purpose

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading It was early morning and the air was bitter cold and thick with driving snow.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

attachedadjectiveUS /əˈtætʃt/

being joined in close association

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

BaynounUS /beɪ/

an indentation of a shoreline larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

bitteradjectiveUS /ˈbɪtər/

marked by strong resentment or cynicism

From this reading It was early morning and the air was bitter cold and thick with driving snow.

boatsnounUS /boʊts/

plural of “boat” — a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.

buildingsnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋz/

plural of “building” — a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading A few Indian wigwams and well built huts near the forest line completed the picture.

canoesnounUS /kəˈnuːz/

plural of “canoe” — small and light boat; pointed at both ends; propelled with a paddle

From this reading Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading It was early morning and the air was bitter cold and thick with driving snow.

completedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpliːtəd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading A few Indian wigwams and well built huts near the forest line completed the picture.

consistedverbUS /kənˈsɪstəd/

past form of “consist” — originate

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

constructedverbUS /kənˈstrʌktəd/

past form of “construct” — make by combining materials and parts

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

CountrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

defencenounUS /dɪˈfens/

(psychiatry) an unconscious process that tries to reduce the anxiety associated with instinctive desires

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.

drivingadjectiveUS /ˈdraɪvɪŋ/

having the power of driving or impelling

From this reading It was early morning and the air was bitter cold and thick with driving snow.

dwellingnounUS /ˈdwelɪŋ/

housing that someone is living in

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading It was early morning and the air was bitter cold and thick with driving snow.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

Factor's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading A few Indian wigwams and well built huts near the forest line completed the picture.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

forestnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading A few Indian wigwams and well built huts near the forest line completed the picture.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

groupnounUS /ɡruːp/

any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

Hudson'snounUS /ˈhʌdsənz/

possessive form of “hudson” — a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

hutsnounUS /hʌts/

plural of “hut” — temporary military shelter

From this reading A few Indian wigwams and well built huts near the forest line completed the picture.

imposingadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpoʊzɪŋ/

impressive in appearance

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

IndianadjectiveUS /ˈɪndiən/

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading A few Indian wigwams and well built huts near the forest line completed the picture.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was early morning and the air was bitter cold and thick with driving snow.

kindsnounUS /kaɪndz/

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.

lakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading A few Indian wigwams and well built huts near the forest line completed the picture.

logverbUS /lɔːɡ/

enter into a log, as on ships and planes

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

MissionnounUS /ˈmɪʃən/

an organization of missionaries in a foreign land sent to carry on religious work

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

missionarynounUS /ˈmɪʃəneri/

someone who attempts to convert others to a particular doctrine or program

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading It was early morning and the air was bitter cold and thick with driving snow.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading A few Indian wigwams and well built huts near the forest line completed the picture.

neatadjectiveUS /niːt/

clean or organized

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

outhousesnounUS /ˈaʊthaʊsɪz/

plural of “outhouse” — a small outbuilding with a bench having holes through which a user can defecate

From this reading Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading A few Indian wigwams and well built huts near the forest line completed the picture.

PostverbUS /poʊst/

affix in a public place or for public notice

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

PostsnounUS /poʊsts/

plural of “post” — the position where someone (as a guard or sentry) stands or is assigned to stand

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

purposesnounUS /ˈpɜːrpəsəz/

plural of “purpose” — an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

roofnounUS /ruːf/

a protective covering that covers or forms the top of a building

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

scatteredadjectiveUS /ˈskætərd/

occurring or distributed over widely spaced and irregular intervals in time or space

From this reading Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

sizenounUS /saɪz/

the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading It was early morning and the air was bitter cold and thick with driving snow.

southernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

storenounUS /stɔːr/

a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

storedverbUS /stɔːrd/

past form of “store” — keep or lay aside for future use

From this reading Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.

Stragglingadjective

spreading out in different directions or distributed irregularly

From this reading Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.

tacklenounUS /ˈtækəl/

the person who plays that position on a football team

From this reading Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading It was early morning and the air was bitter cold and thick with driving snow.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The Hudson’s Bay Post stood at the southern end of the lake, as did most Hudson’s Bay Posts in the North Country, and consisted of a group of log buildings, well constructed, neat in appearance and well adapted to their purposes of trade and defence.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Straggling outhouses were scattered about where boats and canoes and tackle of different kinds were stored.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

wigwams

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A few Indian wigwams and well built huts near the forest line completed the picture.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading The store, with the Factor’s house attached, was the most imposing of the group, and next in size was the Mission House, which did for dwelling for the missionary, the church and the school, all under one roof and within four walls.

Chapter 16 of The Gaspards of Pine Croft by Ralph Connor holds 352 sentences, grouped into 71 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of The Gaspards of Pine Croft contain?

Chapter 16 holds 352 sentences of The Gaspards of Pine Croft, unabridged, divided into 71 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of The Gaspards of Pine Croft by Ralph Connor exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 352 sentences, grouped into 71 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of The Gaspards of Pine Croft?

Work through the 71 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 71 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Gaspards of Pine Croft

Common questions about reading The Gaspards of Pine Croft by Ralph Connor on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Gaspards of Pine Croft?

Yes. All 8186 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59499 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Gaspards of Pine Croft is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59499, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Gaspards of Pine Croft take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1638 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Gaspards of Pine Croft section by section

How to work through The Gaspards of Pine Croft section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 26 chapters of The Gaspards of Pine Croft to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Gaspards of Pine Croft

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Gaspards of Pine Croft, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

British
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gaspards of Pine Croft; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Columbia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gaspards of Pine Croft; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Valleys
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gaspards of Pine Croft; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Finer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gaspards of Pine Croft; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.