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The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa
The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa is here in full — 223 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa
Context Illustration Reading 1/44 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.
The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.
Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.
Esca could not but remark on the same inconsistency throughout all the minor details of the household.
A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa is here in full — 223 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/44 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.
Line 2
The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.
Line 3
Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.
/ðoʊ ðə stoʊn flɔːr wɑːz dæmp ənd ˈbroʊkən ɪt wɑːz ˈpɑːrʃəli ˈkʌvərd baɪ ə sɑːft θɪk ˈkɑːrpət ʌv ˈbrɪljənt ˈkʌlərz waɪl ʃɔːlz frʌm ðə ˈrɪtʃəst luːmz ʌv ˈeɪʒə hʌŋ ˈoʊvər ðə ˈmjuːtəleɪtəd ˈwʊdən siːts ənd ðə ˈkreɪzi kaʊtʃ wɪtʃ əˈpɪrd tuː biː ðə kənˈdʒiːnjəl ˈfɜːrnɪtʃər ʌv ðə əˈpɑːrtmənt/
Line 4
Esca could not but remark on the same inconsistency throughout all the minor details of the household.
Line 5
A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.
/ə ˈmeʒər ʌv rɪtʃ waɪn frʌm ðə ˈlebənən wɑːz ˈkuːlɪŋ ɪn ə ˈpɪtʃər ʌv kɔːrs ˈɜːrθənwer ə dræft ʌv fer ˈwɔːtər ˈspɑːrkəld ɪn ə kʌp ʌv ɡoʊld/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bracket noun US /ˈbrækɪt/

a category falling within certain defined limits

From this reading “The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.”

Briton noun US /ˈbrɪtən/

a native or inhabitant of Great Britain

From this reading “TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.”

earthenware noun US /ˈɜːrθənwer/

ceramic ware made of porous clay fired at low heat

From this reading “A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.”

frugality noun US /fruːˈɡæləti/

prudence in avoiding waste

From this reading “TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.”

inconsistency noun US /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi/

the relation between propositions that cannot both be true at the same time

From this reading “Esca could not but remark on the same inconsistency throughout all the minor details of the household.”

Lebanon noun US /ˈlebənən/

an Asian republic at east end of Mediterranean

From this reading “A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.”

looms noun US /luːmz/

plural of “loom” — a textile machine for weaving yarn into a textile

From this reading “Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.”

shawls noun US /ʃɔːlz/

plural of “shawl” — cloak consisting of an oblong piece of cloth used to cover the head and shoulders

From this reading “Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

minor details adjective + noun

In this reading “Esca could not but remark on the same inconsistency throughout all the minor details of the household.”

brilliant colours adjective + noun

In this reading “Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.”

thick carpet adjective + noun

In this reading “Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.”

strange contrast adjective + noun

In this reading “TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.”

silver lamp noun + noun

In this reading “The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.”

stone floor noun + noun

In this reading “Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.”

hung over verb + particle counted as “hang over”

In this reading “Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.”

rich wine adjective + noun

In this reading “A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.”

All words in this reading · 100

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Esca could not but remark on the same inconsistency throughout all the minor details of the household.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

apartmentnounUS /əˈpɑːrtmənt/

a suite of rooms usually on one floor of an apartment house

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

AsianounUS /ˈeɪʒə/

the largest continent with 60% of the earth's population; it is joined to Europe on the west to form Eurasia; it is the site of some of the world's earliest civilizations

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

bareadjectiveUS /ber/

completely unclothed

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

bracketnounUS /ˈbrækɪt/

a category falling within certain defined limits

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

brilliantadjectiveUS /ˈbrɪljənt/

of surpassing excellence

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

BritonnounUS /ˈbrɪtən/

a native or inhabitant of Great Britain

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

burningnounUS /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of burning something

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

carpetnounUS /ˈkɑːrpət/

floor covering consisting of a piece of thick heavy fabric (usually with nap or pile)

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

coarseadjectiveUS /kɔːrs/

of textures that are rough to the touch or substances consisting of relatively large particles

From this reading A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.

coloursnounUS /ˈkʌlərz/

a distinguishing emblem

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

congenialadjectiveUS /kənˈdʒiːnjəl/

suitable to your needs

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

contrastnounUS /ˈkɑːntræst/

the opposition or dissimilarity of things that are compared

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

coolingnounUS /ˈkuːlɪŋ/

the process of becoming cooler; a falling temperature

From this reading A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.

costlyadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːstli/

entailing great loss or sacrifice

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

couchnounUS /kaʊtʃ/

an upholstered seat for more than one person

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Esca could not but remark on the same inconsistency throughout all the minor details of the household.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

crazyadjectiveUS /ˈkreɪzi/

affected with madness or insanity

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

cupnounUS /kʌp/

a small open container usually used for drinking; usually has a handle

From this reading A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.

dampadjectiveUS /dæmp/

slightly wet

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

detailsnounUS /dɪˈteɪlz/

true confidential information

From this reading Esca could not but remark on the same inconsistency throughout all the minor details of the household.

draughtnounUS /dræft/

a serving of drink (usually alcoholic) drawn from a keg

From this reading A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.

dwellingnounUS /ˈdwelɪŋ/

housing that someone is living in

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

earthenwarenounUS /ˈɜːrθənwer/

ceramic ware made of porous clay fired at low heat

From this reading A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.

Esca

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Esca could not but remark on the same inconsistency throughout all the minor details of the household.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

floornounUS /flɔːr/

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

frugalitynounUS /fruːˈɡæləti/

prudence in avoiding waste

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

furniturenounUS /ˈfɜːrnɪtʃər/

furnishings that make a room or other area ready for occupancy

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

goldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

householdnounUS /ˈhaʊshoʊld/

a social unit living together

From this reading Esca could not but remark on the same inconsistency throughout all the minor details of the household.

hungverbUS /hʌŋ/

inflected form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

inconsistencynounUS /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi/

the relation between propositions that cannot both be true at the same time

From this reading Esca could not but remark on the same inconsistency throughout all the minor details of the household.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

lampnounUS /læmp/

an artificial source of visible illumination

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

LebanonnounUS /ˈlebənən/

an Asian republic at east end of Mediterranean

From this reading A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.

loomsnounUS /luːmz/

plural of “loom” — a textile machine for weaving yarn into a textile

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

measurenounUS /ˈmeʒər/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.

minoradjectiveUS /ˈmaɪnər/

of lesser importance or stature or rank

From this reading Esca could not but remark on the same inconsistency throughout all the minor details of the household.

mutilatedadjectiveUS /ˈmjuːtəleɪtəd/

having a part of the body crippled or disabled

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Esca could not but remark on the same inconsistency throughout all the minor details of the household.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

obscureverbUS /əbsˈkjʊr/

make less visible or unclear

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

oilnounUS /ɔɪl/

A viscous liquid derived from petroleum or plants, stored in large earthen jars.

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

partiallyadverbUS /ˈpɑːrʃəli/

to some extent; in some degree; not wholly

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

perfumedadjectiveUS /pərˈfjuːmd/

filled or impregnated with perfume

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

pitchernounUS /ˈpɪtʃər/

(baseball) the person who does the pitching

From this reading A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.

povertynounUS /ˈpɑːvərti/

the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

refinementnounUS /rəˈfaɪnmənt/

a highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

remarknounUS /rɪˈmɑːrk/

a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief or adds information

From this reading Esca could not but remark on the same inconsistency throughout all the minor details of the household.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.

richestadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtʃəst/

superlative of “rich” — possessing material wealth

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Esca could not but remark on the same inconsistency throughout all the minor details of the household.

seatsnounUS /siːts/

an area that includes places where several people can sit

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

shawlsnounUS /ʃɔːlz/

plural of “shawl” — cloak consisting of an oblong piece of cloth used to cover the head and shoulders

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

silvernounUS /ˈsɪlvər/

a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

simplicitynounUS /sɪmˈplɪsəti/

the quality of being simple or uncompounded

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

softadjectiveUS /sɑːft/

yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

sparkledverbUS /ˈspɑːrkəld/

past form of “sparkle” — reflect brightly

From this reading A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.

splendournoun

a quality that outshines the usual

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

stainedadjectiveUS /steɪnd/

marked or dyed or discolored with foreign matter

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

surfacenounUS /ˈsɜːrfəs/

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

ThoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading Esca could not but remark on the same inconsistency throughout all the minor details of the household.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

TRUTHnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.

wealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

weathernounUS /ˈweðər/

the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation

From this reading The wall was bare and weather‐stained; but a silver lamp, burning perfumed oil, was fixed against its surface on a bracket of common deal.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading TRUTH The dwelling in which the Briton now found himself presented a strange contrast of simplicity and splendour, of wealth and frugality, of obscure poverty and costly refinement.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

winenounUS /waɪn/

fermented juice (of grapes especially)

From this reading A measure of rich wine from the Lebanon was cooling in a pitcher of coarse earthenware, a draught of fair water sparkled in a cup of gold.

woodenadjectiveUS /ˈwʊdən/

made or consisting of (entirely or in part) or employing wood

From this reading Though the stone floor was damp and broken, it was partially covered by a soft thick carpet of brilliant colours, while shawls from the richest looms of Asia hung over the mutilated wooden seats and the crazy couch, which appeared to be the congenial furniture of the apartment.

Chapter 5 of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa by G. J. (George John) Whyte-Melville holds 223 sentences, grouped into 45 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa contain?

Chapter 5 holds 223 sentences of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa, unabridged, divided into 45 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa by G. J. (George John) Whyte-Melville exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 223 sentences, grouped into 45 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa?

Work through the 45 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #47822, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 573 minutes of reading across 1376 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Edited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Herbert
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Maxwell
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volume
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.