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The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa
The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa is here in full — 163 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa
Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the worldto explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.
In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.
His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.
An observer might identify the man by the very nature of the objects that surround him.
In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa is here in full — 163 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the worldto explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.
Line 2
In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.
Line 3
His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.
/hɪz ˈmænʃən ɪz ʌv ˈsteɪtli prəˈpɔːrʃən ənd lɑːrdʒ saɪz bʌt ɔːl ɪts ˈɔːrnəmənts ənd ækˈsesəriz ɑːr ˈtʃeɪsənd baɪ ə səˈvɪr sɪmˈplɪsəti ʌv teɪst/
Line 4
An observer might identify the man by the very nature of the objects that surround him.
/æn əbˈzɜːrvər maɪt aɪˈdentəfaɪ ðə mæn baɪ ðə ˈveri ˈneɪtʃər ʌv ðə ˈɑːbdʒekts ðæt sərˈaʊnd hɪm/
Line 5
In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.
/ɪn hɪz ˈvestɪbjuːl ðə ˈkɑːləmz ɑːr ʌv ðə ˌaɪˈɑːnɪk ˈɔːrdər ənd ðer ɪˈlæbrət ˈkæpətəlz hæv bɪn rɔːt ˈɪntuː ðə ˈʌtmoʊst dɪˈɡriː ʌv ˈfɪnɪʃ wɪtʃ ðæt staɪl wɪl əˈlaʊ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

accessories noun US /ækˈsesəriz/

plural of “accessory” — clothing that is worn or carried, but not part of your main clothing

From this reading “His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.”

anomalous adjective US /əˈnɑːmələs/

deviating from the general or common order or type

From this reading “THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.”

capitals noun US /ˈkæpətəlz/

plural of “capital” — assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading “In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.”

chastened verb US /ˈtʃeɪsənd/

past form of “chasten” — censure severely

From this reading “His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.”

colonnade noun US /ˌkɑːləˈneɪd/

structure consisting of a row of evenly spaced columns

From this reading “In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.”

Initial noun US /ˌɪˈnɪʃəl/

the first letter of a word (especially a person's name)

From this reading “THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.”

intrude verb US /ˌɪnˈtruːd/

enter uninvited

From this reading “In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.”

Ionic adjective US /ˌaɪˈɑːnɪk/

containing or involving or occurring in the form of ions

From this reading “In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

intrude upon verb + particle

In this reading “In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.”

large size adjective + noun

In this reading “His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.”

cool air adjective + noun

In this reading “In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.”

own country verb + noun

In this reading “THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.”

In order preposition + noun

in a state of proper readiness or preparation or arrangement

In this reading “In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.”

chastened by verb + particle counted as “chasten by”

In this reading “His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.”

about the hour preposition + article + noun counted as “about … hour”

In this reading “In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.”

in the streets preposition + article + noun counted as “in … street”

In this reading “THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.”

All words in this reading · 115

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

absorbedadjectiveUS /əbˈzɔːrbd/

giving or marked by complete attention to

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

accessoriesnounUS /ækˈsesəriz/

plural of “accessory” — clothing that is worn or carried, but not part of your main clothing

From this reading His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.

allowverbUS /əˈlaʊ/

make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading An observer might identify the man by the very nature of the objects that surround him.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

anomalousadjectiveUS /əˈnɑːmələs/

deviating from the general or common order or type

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

capitalsnounUS /ˈkæpətəlz/

plural of “capital” — assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

chastenedverbUS /ˈtʃeɪsənd/

past form of “chasten” — censure severely

From this reading His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.

colonnadenounUS /ˌkɑːləˈneɪd/

structure consisting of a row of evenly spaced columns

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

columnsnounUS /ˈkɑːləmz/

plural of “column” — a line of units following one after another

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

cooladjectiveUS /kuːl/

neither warm nor very cold; giving relief from heat

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

elaborateadjectiveUS /ɪˈlæbrət/

marked by complexity and richness of detail

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

Esca's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

explainverbUS /ɪkˈspleɪn/

make plain and comprehensible

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

finishverbUS /ˈfɪnɪʃ/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

glimpsenounUS /ɡlɪmps/

a quick look

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading An observer might identify the man by the very nature of the objects that surround him.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

identifyverbUS /aɪˈdentəfaɪ/

recognize as being; establish the identity of someone or something

From this reading An observer might identify the man by the very nature of the objects that surround him.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

InitialnounUS /ˌɪˈnɪʃəl/

the first letter of a word (especially a person's name)

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

interioradjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɪriər/

situated within or suitable for inside a building

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

intrudeverbUS /ˌɪnˈtruːd/

enter uninvited

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

IonicadjectiveUS /ˌaɪˈɑːnɪk/

containing or involving or occurring in the form of ions

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading An observer might identify the man by the very nature of the objects that surround him.

mansionnounUS /ˈmænʃən/

(astrology) one of 12 equal areas into which the zodiac is divided

From this reading His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.

memoriesnounUS /ˈmɛm.ə.riz/

Recollections of past events.

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading An observer might identify the man by the very nature of the objects that surround him.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading An observer might identify the man by the very nature of the objects that surround him.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

objectsnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekts/

plural of “object” — a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading An observer might identify the man by the very nature of the objects that surround him.

observernounUS /əbˈzɜːrvər/

a person who becomes aware (of things or events) through the senses

From this reading An observer might identify the man by the very nature of the objects that surround him.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

ornamentsnounUS /ˈɔːrnəmənts/

plural of “ornament” — something used to beautify

From this reading His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

ownernounUS /ˈoʊnər/

(law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

pacesnounUS /ˈpeɪsɪz/

plural of “pace” — the rate of moving (especially walking or running)

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

patrician's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

proportionnounUS /prəˈpɔːrʃən/

the quotient obtained when the magnitude of a part is divided by the magnitude of the whole

From this reading His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.

ranknounUS /ræŋk/

a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

reflectionsnounUS /rɪˈflekʃənz/

plural of “reflection” — a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

ROMANadjectiveUS /ˈroʊmən/

relating to or characteristic of people of Rome

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

severeadjectiveUS /səˈvɪr/

intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality

From this reading His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.

simplicitynounUS /sɪmˈplɪsəti/

the quality of being simple or uncompounded

From this reading His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.

sizenounUS /saɪz/

the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.

slavenounUS /sleɪv/

a person who is owned by someone

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

statelyadjectiveUS /ˈsteɪtli/

impressive in appearance

From this reading His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

stylenounUS /staɪl/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

sunsetnounUS /ˈsʌnset/

the time in the evening at which the sun begins to fall below the horizon

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

suppernounUS /ˈsʌpər/

a light evening meal; served in early evening if dinner is at midday or served late in the evening at bedtime

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

surroundverbUS /sərˈaʊnd/

extend on all sides of simultaneously; encircle

From this reading An observer might identify the man by the very nature of the objects that surround him.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

tasteverbUS /teɪst/

To perceive flavor through the mouth.

From this reading His mansion is of stately proportion, and large size, but all its ornaments and accessories are chastened by a severe simplicity of taste.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading In order to do so it is necessary to take a glimpse at the interior of a patrician’s house about the hour of supper; perhaps also to intrude upon the reflections of its owner, as he paces up and down the colonnade in the cool air of sunset, absorbed in his own thoughts, and deep in the memories of the past.

utmostadjectiveUS /ˈʌtmoʊst/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading An observer might identify the man by the very nature of the objects that surround him.

vestibulenounUS /ˈvestɪbjuːl/

a large entrance or reception room or area

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

wroughtadjectiveUS /rɔːt/

shaped to fit by or as if by altering the contours of a pliable mass (as by work or effort)

From this reading In his vestibule the columns are of the Ionic order, and their elaborate capitals have been wrought into the utmost degree of finish which that style will allow.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading THE ROMAN [Initial I] It is time to give some account of Esca’s anomalous position in the capital of the world—to explain how the young British noble (for that was indeed the rank he held in his own country) found himself a slave in the streets of Rome.

Chapter 6 of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa by G. J. (George John) Whyte-Melville holds 163 sentences, grouped into 33 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa contain?

Chapter 6 holds 163 sentences of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa, unabridged, divided into 33 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa by G. J. (George John) Whyte-Melville exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 163 sentences, grouped into 33 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa?

Work through the 33 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 33 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 6 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 6879 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47822 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #47822, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 573 minutes of reading across 1376 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Edited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Herbert
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Maxwell
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volume
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gladiators. A Tale of Rome and Judæa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.