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The Gold Of Fairnilee
The Gold Of Fairnilee

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Gold Of Fairnilee is here in full — 53 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Gold Of Fairnilee
Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE winter went by very sadly.
At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.
They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.
Randal used to like to see the arrow-making beside the fire at! night.
He was not afraid; and said he would show the English what he could do with his little bow.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Gold Of Fairnilee

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Gold Of Fairnilee is here in full — 53 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE winter went by very sadly.
/ðə ˈwɪntər went baɪ ˈveri ˈsædli/
Line 2
At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.
Line 3
They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.
Line 4
Randal used to like to see the arrow-making beside the fire at! night.
Line 5
He was not afraid; and said he would show the English what he could do with his little bow.
/hiː wɑːz nɑːt əˈfreɪd ənd sed hiː wʊd ʃoʊ ðə ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ wʌt hiː kʊd duː wɪð hɪz ˈlɪtəl baʊ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arrows noun US /ˈæroʊz/

plural of “arrow” — a mark to indicate a direction or relation

From this reading “They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.”

Border noun US /ˈbɔːrdər/

a line that indicates a boundary

From this reading “At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.”

cattle noun US /ˈkætəl/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading “They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.”

marshes noun US /ˈmɑːrʃəz/

plural of “marsh” — low-lying wet land with grassy vegetation; usually is a transition zone between land and water

From this reading “They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.”

paths noun US /pæðz/

plural of “path” — a course of conduct

From this reading “They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.”

sadly adverb US /ˈsædli/

in an unfortunate way

From this reading “THE winter went by very sadly.”

shoot verb US /ʃuːt/

hit with a missile from a weapon

From this reading “They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.”

stones noun US /stoʊnz/

plural of “stone” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading “They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.

afraidadjectiveUS /əˈfreɪd/

filled with fear or apprehension

From this reading He was not afraid; and said he would show the English what he could do with his little bow.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.

arrow-making

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Randal used to like to see the arrow-making beside the fire at! night.

arrowsnounUS /ˈæroʊz/

plural of “arrow” — a mark to indicate a direction or relation

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.

barmkyns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

besideprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading Randal used to like to see the arrow-making beside the fire at! night.

BordernounUS /ˈbɔːrdər/

a line that indicates a boundary

From this reading At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.

bownounUS /baʊ/

a knot with two loops and loose ends; used to tie shoelaces

From this reading He was not afraid; and said he would show the English what he could do with his little bow.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THE winter went by very sadly.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

cattlenounUS /ˈkætəl/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He was not afraid; and said he would show the English what he could do with his little bow.

crossverbUS /krɔːs/

travel across or pass over

From this reading At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading He was not afraid; and said he would show the English what he could do with his little bow.

drovenounUS /droʊv/

a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.

expectedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspektəd/

considered likely or probable to happen or arrive

From this reading At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.

Fairnilee

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading Randal used to like to see the arrow-making beside the fire at! night.

firmadjectiveUS /fɜːrm/

marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was not afraid; and said he would show the English what he could do with his little bow.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He was not afraid; and said he would show the English what he could do with his little bow.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Randal used to like to see the arrow-making beside the fire at! night.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading He was not afraid; and said he would show the English what he could do with his little bow.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

marchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.

marshesnounUS /ˈmɑːrʃəz/

plural of “marsh” — low-lying wet land with grassy vegetation; usually is a transition zone between land and water

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

narrowverbUS /ˈneroʊ/

make or become more narrow or restricted

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading Randal used to like to see the arrow-making beside the fire at! night.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He was not afraid; and said he would show the English what he could do with his little bow.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

pathsnounUS /pæðz/

plural of “path” — a course of conduct

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.

raisedadjectiveUS /reɪzd/

located or moved above the surround or above the normal position

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

Randal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Randal used to like to see the arrow-making beside the fire at! night.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

sadlyadverbUS /ˈsædli/

in an unfortunate way

From this reading THE winter went by very sadly.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading He was not afraid; and said he would show the English what he could do with his little bow.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Randal used to like to see the arrow-making beside the fire at! night.

shootverbUS /ʃuːt/

hit with a missile from a weapon

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading He was not afraid; and said he would show the English what he could do with his little bow.

stonesnounUS /stoʊnz/

plural of “stone” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE winter went by very sadly.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading At first the people about Fairnilee expected the English to cross the Border and march against them.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading Randal used to like to see the arrow-making beside the fire at! night.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading THE winter went by very sadly.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was not afraid; and said he would show the English what he could do with his little bow.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading THE winter went by very sadly.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading He was not afraid; and said he would show the English what he could do with his little bow.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

windowsnounUS /ˈwɪndoʊz/

(trademark) an operating system with a graphical user interface

From this reading They drove their cattle out on the wild hills, and into marshes where only they knew the firm paths, and raised walls of earth and stones--_barmkyns_, they called them--round the old house; and made many arrows to shoot out of the narrow windows at the English.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading THE winter went by very sadly.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He was not afraid; and said he would show the English what he could do with his little bow.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He was not afraid; and said he would show the English what he could do with his little bow.

Chapter 3 of The Gold Of Fairnilee by Andrew Lang holds 53 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of The Gold Of Fairnilee contain?

Chapter 3 holds 53 sentences of The Gold Of Fairnilee, unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of The Gold Of Fairnilee by Andrew Lang exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 53 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of The Gold Of Fairnilee?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Gold Of Fairnilee

Common questions about reading The Gold Of Fairnilee by Andrew Lang on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Gold Of Fairnilee?

Yes. All 717 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #21934 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Gold Of Fairnilee is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #21934, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Gold Of Fairnilee take to read?

About 59 minutes of reading across 144 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Gold Of Fairnilee section by section

How to work through The Gold Of Fairnilee section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Gold Of Fairnilee

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Gold Of Fairnilee, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Still
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gold Of Fairnilee; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scotch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gold Of Fairnilee; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
House
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gold Of Fairnilee; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Where
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gold Of Fairnilee; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.