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The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators
The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators is here in full — 280 sentences across 56 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/56 · 5 lines
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THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.
Amsterdam merchants had provided the capital and the ships.
The Estates of Holland and a number of cities in the same province had sent cannon.
With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.
A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators is here in full — 280 sentences across 56 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/56 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.
Line 2
Amsterdam merchants had provided the capital and the ships.
/ˈæmstərdæm ˈmɜːrtʃənts hæd prəˈvaɪdɪd ðə ˈkæpətəl ənd ðə ʃɪps/
Line 3
The Estates of Holland and a number of cities in the same province had sent cannon.
/ðə ɪˈsteɪts ʌv ˈhɑːlənd ənd ə ˈnʌmbər ʌv ˈsɪtiz ɪn ðə seɪm ˈprɑːvəns hæd sent ˈkænən/
Line 4
With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.
Line 5
A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.
/ə fjuː wɜːrdz ʃʊd biː sed əˈbaʊt ðə ʃɪps fɔːr iːtʃ wɑːz tuː ɪkˈspɪriəns ædˈventʃərz bɪˈfɔːr ˈriːtʃɪŋ ðə seɪf ˈhɑːrbər ʌv hoʊm ɔːr ˌdɪsəˈpɪrɪŋ ˈsaɪləntli ɪn ə ˈloʊnli siː/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Amsterdam noun US /ˈæmstərdæm/

an industrial center and the nominal capital of the Netherlands; center of the diamond-cutting industry; seat of an important stock exchange; known for its canals and art museum

From this reading “Amsterdam merchants had provided the capital and the ships.”

disappearing noun US /ˌdɪsəˈpɪrɪŋ/

the act of leaving secretly or without explanation

From this reading “A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.”

guilders noun US /ˈɡɪldərz/

plural of “guilder” — the basic unit of money in Suriname; equal to 100 cents

From this reading “THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.”

harquebus noun US /ˈhɑːrkwəbəs/

an obsolete firearm with a long barrel

From this reading “With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.”

Indies noun US /ˈɪndiz/

plural of “indie” — a pop group not affiliated with a major record company

From this reading “THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.”

investment noun US /ˌɪnˈvestmənt/

the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit

From this reading “THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.”

peninsula noun US /pəˈnɪnsələ/

a large mass of land projecting into a body of water

From this reading “With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.”

southernmost adjective US /ˈsʌðərnmoʊst/

situated farthest south

From this reading “With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

hundred thousand noun + noun

the cardinal number that is the fifth power of ten

In this reading “THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.”

three hundred noun + noun

being one hundred more than two hundred

In this reading “THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.”

straight line adjective + noun

a line traced by a point traveling in a constant direction; a line of zero curvature

In this reading “With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.”

few words adjective + noun

In this reading “A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.”

before reaching preposition + noun

In this reading “A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.”

ran down verb + adjective counted as “run down”

trace

In this reading “With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.”

FIRST VOYAGE adjective + noun

In this reading “THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.”

match for verb + particle

In this reading “With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.”

All words in this reading · 111

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1595

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

284

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Estates of Holland and a number of cities in the same province had sent cannon.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

adventuresnounUS /ædˈventʃərz/

plural of “adventure” — a wild and exciting undertaking (not necessarily lawful)

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

AfricanounUS /ˈæfrəkɑː/

the second largest continent; located to the south of Europe and bordered to the west by the South Atlantic and to the east by the Indian Ocean

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

AmsterdamnounUS /ˈæmstərdæm/

an industrial center and the nominal capital of the Netherlands; center of the diamond-cutting industry; seat of an important stock exchange; known for its canals and art museum

From this reading Amsterdam merchants had provided the capital and the ships.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

AprilnounUS /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

AsianounUS /ˈeɪʒə/

the largest continent with 60% of the earth's population; it is joined to Europe on the west to form Eurasia; it is the site of some of the world's earliest civilizations

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

AtlanticnounUS /ətˈlæntɪk/

the 2nd largest ocean; separates North and South America on the west from Europe and Africa on the east

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

cannonnounUS /ˈkænən/

a large artillery gun that is usually on wheels

From this reading The Estates of Holland and a number of cities in the same province had sent cannon.

CapenounUS /keɪp/

a strip of land projecting into a body of water

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading Amsterdam merchants had provided the capital and the ships.

citiesnounUS /ˈsɪtiz/

plural of “city” — a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading The Estates of Holland and a number of cities in the same province had sent cannon.

Comorin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

defendverbUS /dɪˈfend/

argue or speak in defense of

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

disappearingnounUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɪrɪŋ/

the act of leaving secretly or without explanation

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

doubledadjectiveUS /ˈdʌbəld/

twice as great or many

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

EstatesnounUS /ɪˈsteɪts/

plural of “estate” — everything you own; all of your assets (whether real property or personal property) and liabilities

From this reading The Estates of Holland and a number of cities in the same province had sent cannon.

expeditionnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃən/

a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

FAILUREnounUS /ˈfeɪljər/

an act that fails

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

FIRSTadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

GoodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

guildersnounUS /ˈɡɪldərz/

plural of “guilder” — the basic unit of money in Suriname; equal to 100 cents

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Amsterdam merchants had provided the capital and the ships.

harborverbUS /ˈhɑːrbər/

maintain (a theory, thoughts, or feelings)

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

harquebusnounUS /ˈhɑːrkwəbəs/

an obsolete firearm with a long barrel

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

HollandnounUS /ˈhɑːlənd/

a constitutional monarchy in western Europe on the North Sea; half the country lies below sea level

From this reading The Estates of Holland and a number of cities in the same province had sent cannon.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

HopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Estates of Holland and a number of cities in the same province had sent cannon.

INDIAnounUS /ˈɪndiə/

a republic in the Asian subcontinent in southern Asia; second most populous country in the world; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

IndianadjectiveUS /ˈɪndiən/

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

IndiesnounUS /ˈɪndiz/

plural of “indie” — a pop group not affiliated with a major record company

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

investmentnounUS /ˌɪnˈvestmənt/

the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

lonelyadjectiveUS /ˈloʊnli/

lacking companions or companionship

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

matchverbUS /mætʃ/

be compatible, similar or consistent; coincide in their characteristics

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

merchantsnounUS /ˈmɜːrtʃənts/

plural of “merchant” — a businessperson engaged in retail trade

From this reading Amsterdam merchants had provided the capital and the ships.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading The Estates of Holland and a number of cities in the same province had sent cannon.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

peninsulanounUS /pəˈnɪnsələ/

a large mass of land projecting into a body of water

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

PortuguesenounUS /ˈpɔːrtʃəɡiːz/

the Romance language spoken in Portugal and Brazil

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

providedverbUS /prəˈvaɪdɪd/

past form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading Amsterdam merchants had provided the capital and the ships.

provincenounUS /ˈprɑːvəns/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The Estates of Holland and a number of cities in the same province had sent cannon.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

reachingnounUS /ˈriːtʃɪŋ/

the act of physically reaching or thrusting out

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

rightsnounUS /raɪts/

plural of “right” — an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

routenounUS /ruːt/

an established line of travel or access

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

safeadjectiveUS /seɪf/

free from danger or the risk of harm

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

sailverbUS /seɪl/

traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading The Estates of Holland and a number of cities in the same province had sent cannon.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

secondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading The Estates of Holland and a number of cities in the same province had sent cannon.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

shipsnounUS /ʃɪps/

plural of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

silentlyadverbUS /ˈsaɪləntli/

without speaking

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

sixty-fouradjective

being four more than sixty

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

southernmostadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərnmoʊst/

situated farthest south

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

SpaniardnounUS /ˈspænjərd/

a native or inhabitant of Spain

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

straightadjectiveUS /streɪt/

successive (without a break)

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

tipnounUS /tɪp/

the extreme end of something; especially something pointed

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

VOYAGEnounUS /ˈvɔɪədʒ/

an act of traveling by water

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

wishverbUS /wɪʃ/

hope for; have a wish

From this reading With large cannon and small harquebus, sixty-four in number, they were a fair match for any Spaniard or Portuguese who might wish to defend his ancient rights upon this royal Indian route, which ran down the Atlantic, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and then made a straight line from the southernmost tip of Africa to Cape Comorin on the Indian peninsula in Asia.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading A few words should be said about the ships, for each was to experience adventures before reaching the safe harbor of home or disappearing silently in a lonely sea.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading THE FIRST VOYAGE TO INDIA--FAILURE It was no mean expedition which set sail for the Indies on the second of April of the year 1595 with four ships, 284 men, and an investment of more than three hundred thousand guilders.

Chapter 4 of The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators by Hendrik Willem Van Loon holds 280 sentences, grouped into 56 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators contain?

Chapter 4 holds 280 sentences of The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators, unabridged, divided into 56 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators by Hendrik Willem Van Loon exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 280 sentences, grouped into 56 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators?

Work through the 56 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 56 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators

Common questions about reading The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators by Hendrik Willem Van Loon on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators?

Yes. All 2479 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #45799 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #45799, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators take to read?

About 206 minutes of reading across 496 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators section by section

How to work through The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 11 chapters of The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Magnificent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Failures
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Equipped
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Golden Book of the Dutch Navigators; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.