Chapter XIX

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He had made a beginning, and his heart had confidence in the end.

plural of “age” — how long something has existed

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Looking backward, the young leader of men saw the Ægean coast and all the territory west of the mountains subject to his rule.

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading To the rich and prosperous Grecian cities by the sea he had restored their ancient rights, and the hostages of the barbarians thronged his camp.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

the date on which an event occurred in some previous year (or the celebration of it)

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

at or to or toward the back or rear

From this reading Looking backward, the young leader of men saw the Ægean coast and all the territory west of the mountains subject to his rule.

plural of “barbarian” — a member of an uncivilized people

From this reading To the rich and prosperous Grecian cities by the sea he had restored their ancient rights, and the hostages of the barbarians thronged his camp.

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading He had made a beginning, and his heart had confidence in the end.

closed to traffic

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading To the rich and prosperous Grecian cities by the sea he had restored their ancient rights, and the hostages of the barbarians thronged his camp.

plural of “city” — a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading To the rich and prosperous Grecian cities by the sea he had restored their ancient rights, and the hostages of the barbarians thronged his camp.

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading Looking backward, the young leader of men saw the Ægean coast and all the territory west of the mountains subject to his rule.

freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities

From this reading He had made a beginning, and his heart had confidence in the end.

past form of “deem” — keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

the act of departing

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

past form of “drift” — be in motion due to some air or water current

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading He had made a beginning, and his heart had confidence in the end.

chemical process in which one atom or ion or group changes places with another

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

extremely intricate; usually in phrase “Gordian knot”

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

of or relating to or characteristic of Greece or the Greeks or the Greek language

From this reading To the rich and prosperous Grecian cities by the sea he had restored their ancient rights, and the hostages of the barbarians thronged his camp.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading He had made a beginning, and his heart had confidence in the end.

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

plural of “hostage” — a prisoner who is held by one party to insure that another party will meet specified terms

From this reading To the rich and prosperous Grecian cities by the sea he had restored their ancient rights, and the hostages of the barbarians thronged his camp.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

a tight cluster of people or things

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

a person who rules or guides or inspires others

From this reading Looking backward, the young leader of men saw the Ægean coast and all the territory west of the mountains subject to his rule.

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading Looking backward, the young leader of men saw the Ægean coast and all the territory west of the mountains subject to his rule.

the ancient kingdom of Philip II and Alexander the Great in the southeastern Balkans that is now divided among modern Macedonia and Greece and Bulgaria

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading He had made a beginning, and his heart had confidence in the end.

the force of workers available

From this reading Looking backward, the young leader of men saw the Ægean coast and all the territory west of the mountains subject to his rule.

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Looking backward, the young leader of men saw the Ægean coast and all the territory west of the mountains subject to his rule.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

plural of “pass” — (baseball) an advance to first base by a batter who receives four balls

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

an ancient country in western and central Asia Minor

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

in fortunate circumstances financially; moderately rich

From this reading To the rich and prosperous Grecian cities by the sea he had restored their ancient rights, and the hostages of the barbarians thronged his camp.

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

cause to become

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

past form of “restore” — return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading To the rich and prosperous Grecian cities by the sea he had restored their ancient rights, and the hostages of the barbarians thronged his camp.

possessing material wealth

From this reading To the rich and prosperous Grecian cities by the sea he had restored their ancient rights, and the hostages of the barbarians thronged his camp.

plural of “right” — an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature

From this reading To the rich and prosperous Grecian cities by the sea he had restored their ancient rights, and the hostages of the barbarians thronged his camp.

sturdy and strong in constitution or construction; enduring

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading Looking backward, the young leader of men saw the Ægean coast and all the territory west of the mountains subject to his rule.

cut with a saw

From this reading Looking backward, the young leader of men saw the Ægean coast and all the territory west of the mountains subject to his rule.

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading To the rich and prosperous Grecian cities by the sea he had restored their ancient rights, and the hostages of the barbarians thronged his camp.

plural of “snow” — precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

-ing form of “subdue” — put down by force or intimidation

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading Looking backward, the young leader of men saw the Ægean coast and all the territory west of the mountains subject to his rule.

confined on all sides

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

Venezuelan master terrorist raised by a Marxist-Leninist father; trained and worked with many terrorist groups (born in 1949)

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading Looking backward, the young leader of men saw the Ægean coast and all the territory west of the mountains subject to his rule.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading To the rich and prosperous Grecian cities by the sea he had restored their ancient rights, and the hostages of the barbarians thronged his camp.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

filled with great numbers crowded together

From this reading To the rich and prosperous Grecian cities by the sea he had restored their ancient rights, and the hostages of the barbarians thronged his camp.

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

plural of “tribe” — a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

something given or done as an expression of esteem

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

plural of “upland” — elevated (e.g., mountainous) land

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading Looking backward, the young leader of men saw the Ægean coast and all the territory west of the mountains subject to his rule.

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE GORDIAN KNOT Alexander kept the anniversary of his departure from Macedon in the city of Gordium, surrounded by his army, on the wind-swept uplands of Phrygia.

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading He reached the place through the drifted snows that blocked the passes of the Taurus and the rugged hills of Pisidia, subduing on his way the tribes that had held them for ages, to whom the Great King himself had deemed it wise to render tribute in exchange for peace.

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Looking backward, the young leader of men saw the Ægean coast and all the territory west of the mountains subject to his rule.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Looking backward, the young leader of men saw the Ægean coast and all the territory west of the mountains subject to his rule.