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The Governess
The Governess

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of The Governess is here in full — 95 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Governess
Context Illustration Reading 1/19 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:
THE ASSEMBLY OF THE BIRDS.
A FABLE.
In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.
A day was appointed for their meeting; the eagle took his seat, and the birds all attended to give in their several pleas.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Governess

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of The Governess is here in full — 95 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/19 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:
Line 2
THE ASSEMBLY OF THE BIRDS.
/ðə əˈsembli ʌv ðə bɜːrdz/
Line 3
A FABLE.
/ə ˈfeɪbəl/
Line 4
In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.
Line 5
A day was appointed for their meeting; the eagle took his seat, and the birds all attended to give in their several pleas.
/ə deɪ wɑːz əˈpɔɪntɪd fɔːr ðer ˈmiːtɪŋ ðə ˈiːɡəl tʊk hɪz siːt ənd ðə bɜːrdz ɔːl əˈtendɪd tuː ɡɪv ɪn ðer ˈsevrəl pliːz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

contention noun US /kənˈtenʃən/

a point asserted as part of an argument

From this reading “In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.”

debate verb US /dəˈbeɪt/

argue with one another

From this reading “In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.”

eagle noun US /ˈiːɡəl/

any of various large keen-sighted diurnal birds of prey noted for their broad wings and strong soaring flight

From this reading “In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.”

fable noun US /ˈfeɪbəl/

a deliberately false or improbable account

From this reading “Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:”

Jenny noun US /ˈdʒeni/

United States architect who designed the first skyscraper in which a metal skeleton was used (1832-1907)

From this reading “Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:”

pleas noun US /pliːz/

plural of “plea” — a humble request for help from someone in authority

From this reading “A day was appointed for their meeting; the eagle took his seat, and the birds all attended to give in their several pleas.”

refer verb US /rəˈfɜːr/

make reference to

From this reading “In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.”

strongest adjective US /ˈstrɔːŋɡəst/

superlative of “strong” — having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading “In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

advantagesnounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒɪz/

plural of “advantage” — the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

agreedadjectiveUS /əˈɡriːd/

united by being of the same opinion

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading A day was appointed for their meeting; the eagle took his seat, and the birds all attended to give in their several pleas.

aloudadverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

using the voice; not silently

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

amongstprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋst/

surrounded by; in the company of

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

appointedadjectiveUS /əˈpɔɪntɪd/

subject to appointment

From this reading A day was appointed for their meeting; the eagle took his seat, and the birds all attended to give in their several pleas.

ASSEMBLYnounUS /əˈsembli/

a group of machine parts that fit together to form a self-contained unit

From this reading THE ASSEMBLY OF THE BIRDS.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

attendedadjectiveUS /əˈtendɪd/

playing or singing with instrumental or vocal accompaniment

From this reading A day was appointed for their meeting; the eagle took his seat, and the birds all attended to give in their several pleas.

bidverbUS /bɪd/

propose a payment

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

BIRDSnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading THE ASSEMBLY OF THE BIRDS.

ceasedverbUS /siːst/

past form of “cease” — put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

containedadjectiveUS /kənˈteɪnd/

gotten under control

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

contentionnounUS /kənˈtenʃən/

a point asserted as part of an argument

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading A day was appointed for their meeting; the eagle took his seat, and the birds all attended to give in their several pleas.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

debateverbUS /dəˈbeɪt/

argue with one another

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

decisionnounUS /dɪˈsɪʒən/

the act of making up your mind about something

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

eaglenounUS /ˈiːɡəl/

any of various large keen-sighted diurnal birds of prey noted for their broad wings and strong soaring flight

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

fablenounUS /ˈfeɪbəl/

a deliberately false or improbable account

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading A day was appointed for their meeting; the eagle took his seat, and the birds all attended to give in their several pleas.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading A day was appointed for their meeting; the eagle took his seat, and the birds all attended to give in their several pleas.

givingnounUS /ˈɡɪvɪŋ/

the act of giving

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

happinessnounUS /ˈhæpinəs/

state of well-being characterized by emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

JennynounUS /ˈdʒeni/

United States architect who designed the first skyscraper in which a metal skeleton was used (1832-1907)

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

meetingnounUS /ˈmiːtɪŋ/

a formally arranged gathering

From this reading A day was appointed for their meeting; the eagle took his seat, and the birds all attended to give in their several pleas.

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE ASSEMBLY OF THE BIRDS.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

papernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

PeacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

peculiaradjectiveUS /pəˈkjuːljər/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

perfections

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

pleasnounUS /pliːz/

plural of “plea” — a humble request for help from someone in authority

From this reading A day was appointed for their meeting; the eagle took his seat, and the birds all attended to give in their several pleas.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

referverbUS /rəˈfɜːr/

make reference to

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading A day was appointed for their meeting; the eagle took his seat, and the birds all attended to give in their several pleas.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading A day was appointed for their meeting; the eagle took his seat, and the birds all attended to give in their several pleas.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

speakingnounUS /ˈspiːkɪŋ/

the utterance of intelligible speech

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

strongestadjectiveUS /ˈstrɔːŋɡəst/

superlative of “strong” — having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

Teachum

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading A day was appointed for their meeting; the eagle took his seat, and the birds all attended to give in their several pleas.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

titlenounUS /ˈtaɪtəl/

a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading A day was appointed for their meeting; the eagle took his seat, and the birds all attended to give in their several pleas.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In ancient days, there was a great contention amongst the birds, which, from his own perfections, and peculiar advantages, had the strongest title to happiness; and at last they agreed to refer the decision of the debate to the eagle.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Here Mrs. Teachum ceased speaking, and, giving Miss Jenny Peace a paper, she bid her read it aloud; which she did, and it contained the following fable:

Chapter 12 of The Governess by Sarah Fielding holds 95 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of The Governess contain?

Chapter 12 holds 95 sentences of The Governess, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of The Governess by Sarah Fielding exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 95 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of The Governess?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Governess

Common questions about reading The Governess by Sarah Fielding on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Governess?

Yes. All 1268 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1905 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Governess is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1905, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Governess take to read?

About 105 minutes of reading across 254 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Governess section by section

How to work through The Governess section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of The Governess to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Governess

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Governess, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Lived
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Governess; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Northern
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Governess; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Parts
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Governess; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
England
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Governess; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.