Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Gray Dawn
The Gray Dawn

Chapter XV

Cover illustration for The Gray Dawn
Context Illustration Reading 1/77 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.
Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.
Through his eyes things fell into perspective.
Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.
And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Gray Dawn

Chapter XV

Reading 1/77 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.
Line 2
Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.
Line 3
Through his eyes things fell into perspective.
Line 4
Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.
Line 5
And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Above preposition US /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading “Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.”

Began noun US /began/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.”

Fine noun US /fine/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.”

Free adjective US /friː/

acting without enough restraint or discipline

From this reading “Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.”

Here noun US /here/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.”

Honest adjective US /ˈɑnɪst/

truthful and trustworthy

From this reading “Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.”

Outside noun US /ˈoutside/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.”

Standing noun US /ˈstanding/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.”

Suddenly noun US /ˈsuddenly/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.”

Through noun US /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Through his eyes things fell into perspective.”

Well noun US /well/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.”

Yet conjunction US /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading “And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

air

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

became

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

begannounUS /began/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

bragging

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

breeze

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

character

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

cheap

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

city

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

courage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

criticism

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

dimly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

eyes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Through his eyes things fell into perspective.

Fairfax

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

fear

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

fell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Through his eyes things fell into perspective.

finenounUS /fine/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

Francisco

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

frank

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

freeadjectiveUS /friː/

acting without enough restraint or discipline

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

fresh

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

herenounUS /here/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

high

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

honestadjectiveUS /ˈɑnɪst/

truthful and trustworthy

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

interests

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

Johnny

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

Keith

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

known

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

new

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

newly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

outsidenounUS /ˈoutside/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

perspective

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Through his eyes things fell into perspective.

place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

put

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

real

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

really

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

San

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

see

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

self-seeking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

sham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

society

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

Somehow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

standingnounUS /ˈstanding/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

SuddenlynounUS /ˈsuddenly/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

there

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

things

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Through his eyes things fell into perspective.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

ThroughnounUS /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Through his eyes things fell into perspective.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

upper

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

venal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

viewpoint

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

well

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

welter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.