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The Gray Dawn
The Gray Dawn

Chapter XV · Chapter 15

Chapter 15 of The Gray Dawn is here in full — 385 sentences across 77 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Gray Dawn
Context Illustration Reading 1/77 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.
Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.
Through his eyes things fell into perspective.
Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.
And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Gray Dawn

Chapter XV · Chapter 15

Chapter 15 of The Gray Dawn is here in full — 385 sentences across 77 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/77 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.
Line 2
Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.
Line 3
Through his eyes things fell into perspective.
/θruː hɪz aɪz θɪŋz fel ˈɪntuː pərˈspektɪv/
Line 4
Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.
Line 5
And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bragging noun US /ˈbræɡɪŋ/

an instance of boastful talk

From this reading “Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.”

dimly adverb US /ˈdɪmli/

in a dim indistinct manner

From this reading “And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.”

newly adverb US /ˈnuːli/

very recently

From this reading “Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.”

perspective noun US /pərˈspektɪv/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading “Through his eyes things fell into perspective.”

sham noun US /ʃæm/

something that is a counterfeit; not what it seems to be

From this reading “Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.”

venal adjective US /ˈviːnəl/

capable of being corrupted

From this reading “Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.”

viewpoint noun US /ˈvjuːpɔɪnt/

a mental position from which things are viewed

From this reading “Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.”

welter noun US /ˈweltər/

a confused multitude of things

From this reading “Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

braggingnounUS /ˈbræɡɪŋ/

an instance of boastful talk

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

breezenounUS /briːz/

a slight wind (usually refreshing)

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

cheapadjectiveUS /tʃiːp/

relatively low in price or charging low prices

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

couragenounUS /ˈkɜːrədʒ/

a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

criticismnounUS /ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm/

disapproval expressed by pointing out faults or shortcomings

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

dimlyadverbUS /ˈdɪmli/

in a dim indistinct manner

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Through his eyes things fell into perspective.

Fairfax

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

fearverbUS /fɪr/

be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading Through his eyes things fell into perspective.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

Francisco

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

frankadjectiveUS /fræŋk/

characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

honestadjectiveUS /ˈɑːnəst/

not disposed to cheat or defraud; not deceptive or fraudulent

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

interestsnounUS /ˈɪntrəsts/

plural of “interest” — a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

JohnnynounUS /ˈdʒɑːni/

“Johnny” was applied as a nickname for Confederate soldiers by the Federal soldiers in the American Civil War; “greyback” derived from their grey Confederate uniforms

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

Keith

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

newlyadverbUS /ˈnuːli/

very recently

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

outsideadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on or near the outer side or limit

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

perspectivenounUS /pərˈspektɪv/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading Through his eyes things fell into perspective.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

San

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

self-seekingnoun

taking advantage of opportunities without regard for the consequences for others

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

shamnounUS /ʃæm/

something that is a counterfeit; not what it seems to be

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

societynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

SomehowadverbUS /ˈsʌmhaʊ/

in some unspecified way or manner; or by some unspecified means

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

standingadjectiveUS /ˈstændɪŋ/

having a supporting base

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

SuddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading Through his eyes things fell into perspective.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

ThroughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Through his eyes things fell into perspective.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

upperadjectiveUS /ˈʌpər/

the topmost one of two

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

venaladjectiveUS /ˈviːnəl/

capable of being corrupted

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

viewpointnounUS /ˈvjuːpɔɪnt/

a mental position from which things are viewed

From this reading Johnny Fairfax had no interests in the city; he had no fear; his viewpoint was free from all sham; he was newly in from the outside.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Somehow, this frank criticism was like a breeze of fresh air to Keith: it put new courage into him.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

welternounUS /ˈweltər/

a confused multitude of things

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Suddenly San Francisco upper society became to Keith what it really was: a welter of cheap, bragging, venal, self-seeking men, with here and there an honest fine character standing high above.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading And he began, but dimly, to see that the real men of the place were not--as yet--well known.

Chapter 15 of The Gray Dawn by Stewart Edward White holds 385 sentences, grouped into 77 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of The Gray Dawn contain?

Chapter 15 holds 385 sentences of The Gray Dawn, unabridged, divided into 77 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of The Gray Dawn by Stewart Edward White exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 385 sentences, grouped into 77 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of The Gray Dawn?

Work through the 77 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 77 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Gray Dawn

Common questions about reading The Gray Dawn by Stewart Edward White on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Gray Dawn?

Yes. All 8400 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #9149 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Gray Dawn is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #9149, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Gray Dawn take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1680 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Gray Dawn section by section

How to work through The Gray Dawn section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of The Gray Dawn to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Gray Dawn

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Gray Dawn, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Moved
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gray Dawn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Leaving
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gray Dawn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Morrell
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gray Dawn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Alone
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gray Dawn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.