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The Great Frozen Sea
The Great Frozen Sea

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Great Frozen Sea is here in full — 87 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Great Frozen Sea
Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."
(_The rights of translation and of reproduction are reserved._) THE AUTHOR.
The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.
My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.
It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Great Frozen Sea

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Great Frozen Sea is here in full — 87 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."
Line 2
(_The rights of translation and of reproduction are reserved._) THE AUTHOR.
/ðə raɪts ʌv trænzˈleɪʃən ənd ʌv ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃən ɑːr rɪˈzɜːrvd ðə ˈɔːθər/
Line 3
The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.
Line 4
My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.
/maɪ ˈɑːbdʒekt ɪn ˈpʌblɪʃɪŋ ðə ˈprezənt ˈvɑːljuːm ɪz tuː ˈfɜːrnɪʃ ə ˈpɑːpjələr ˈnærətɪv ʌv ˈmemərəbəl ɪˈvents æz ðeɪ priˈzentɪd ðemˈselvz tuː æn ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəl ˈmembər ʌv ðə ˌekspəˈdɪʃən ənd əˈspeʃli ʌv ðə wɜːrk ʌv sledʒ ˈtrævəlɪŋ ˈoʊvər ðə ˈfroʊzən ˈpoʊlər ˈoʊʃən/
Line 5
It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.
/ɪt wɑːz ˈrɪtən ə fjuː mʌnθs ˈæftər ˈaʊər rɪˈtɜːrn tuː ˈɪŋɡlənd bʌt ɪts əˈpɪrəns hæz bɪn ˈpɜːrpəsli dɪˈfɜːrd ənˈtɪl ðə ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən ʌv ðə wɜːrk baɪ sɜːr dʒɔːrdʒ nærz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

deferred verb US /dɪˈfɜːrd/

inflected form of “defer” — hold back to a later time

From this reading “It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.”

guiding adjective US /ˈɡaɪdɪŋ/

exerting control or influence

From this reading “"There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."”

Nares noun US /nærz/

plural of “naris” — any of the openings to the nasal cavities that allow air to flow through the cavities to the pharynx

From this reading “The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.”

polar adjective US /ˈpoʊlər/

having a pair of equal and opposite charges

From this reading “My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.”

publishing noun US /ˈpʌblɪʃɪŋ/

the business of issuing printed matter for sale or distribution

From this reading “My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.”

purposely adverb US /ˈpɜːrpəsli/

with intention; in an intentional manner

From this reading “It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.”

reproduction noun US /ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃən/

the process of generating offspring

From this reading “(_The rights of translation and of reproduction are reserved._) THE AUTHOR.”

sledge verb US /sledʒ/

transport in a sleigh

From this reading “My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

few months adjective + noun counted as “few month”

In this reading “It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.”

deferred until verb + particle counted as “defer until”

In this reading “It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.”

individual member adjective + noun

In this reading “My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.”

present volume verb + noun

In this reading “My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1875

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.

76

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

ArcticnounUS /ˈɑːrktɪk/

the regions to the north of the Arctic Circle centered on the North Pole

From this reading The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading (_The rights of translation and of reproduction are reserved._) THE AUTHOR.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

AUTHORnounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading (_The rights of translation and of reproduction are reserved._) THE AUTHOR.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

deferredverbUS /dɪˈfɜːrd/

inflected form of “defer” — hold back to a later time

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

ExpeditionnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃən/

a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

flagnounUS /flæɡ/

emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

frozenadjectiveUS /ˈfroʊzən/

turned into ice; affected by freezing or by long and severe cold

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

furnishverbUS /ˈfɜːrnɪʃ/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

GeorgenounUS /dʒɔːrdʒ/

Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.

guidingadjectiveUS /ˈɡaɪdɪŋ/

exerting control or influence

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

heavenlyadjectiveUS /ˈhevənli/

relating to or inhabiting a divine heaven

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

HistorynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.

holdsnounUS /hoʊldz/

plural of “hold” — the act of grasping

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.

individualadjectiveUS /ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

mastnounUS /mæst/

a vertical spar for supporting sails

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

membernounUS /ˈmembər/

one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

memorableadjectiveUS /ˈmemərəbəl/

worth remembering

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

NaresnounUS /nærz/

plural of “naris” — any of the openings to the nasal cavities that allow air to flow through the cavities to the pharynx

From this reading The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.

narrativenounUS /ˈnærətɪv/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

northwardadverbUS /ˈnɔːrθwərd/

in a northern direction

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

objectnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekt/

a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

oceannounUS /ˈoʊʃən/

a large body of water constituting a principal part of the hydrosphere

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

OfprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

pointsnounUS /pɔɪnts/

plural of “point” — a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

polaradjectiveUS /ˈpoʊlər/

having a pair of equal and opposite charges

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

popularadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələr/

regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

publicationnounUS /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən/

a copy of a printed work offered for distribution

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

publishingnounUS /ˈpʌblɪʃɪŋ/

the business of issuing printed matter for sale or distribution

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

purposelyadverbUS /ˈpɜːrpəsli/

with intention; in an intentional manner

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

recordnounUS /rəˈkɔːrd/

anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events

From this reading The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.

reproductionnounUS /ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃən/

the process of generating offspring

From this reading (_The rights of translation and of reproduction are reserved._) THE AUTHOR.

reservedadjectiveUS /rɪˈzɜːrvd/

set aside for the use of a particular person or party

From this reading (_The rights of translation and of reproduction are reserved._) THE AUTHOR.

resultsnounUS /rɪˈzʌlts/

plural of “result” — a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

rightsnounUS /raɪts/

plural of “right” — an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature

From this reading (_The rights of translation and of reproduction are reserved._) THE AUTHOR.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.

sledgeverbUS /sledʒ/

transport in a sleigh

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

steerverbUS /stɪr/

direct the course; determine the direction of travelling

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

There's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

translationnounUS /trænzˈleɪʃən/

a written communication in a second language having the same meaning as the written communication in a first language

From this reading (_The rights of translation and of reproduction are reserved._) THE AUTHOR.

travellingnounUS /ˈtrævəlɪŋ/

the act of going from one place to another

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

volumenounUS /ˈvɑːljuːm/

the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading My object in publishing the present volume is to furnish a popular narrative of memorable events as they presented themselves to an individual member of the Expedition, and especially of the work of sledge travelling over the frozen polar ocean.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

windsnounUS /wɪndz/

plural of “wind” — air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading "There's a flag on the mast, and it points to the north, And the north holds the land that I love; I will steer back to northward, the heavenly course, Of the winds guiding sure from above."

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The History of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76, and the record of its results, will be found in the work of Sir George Nares.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading It was written a few months after our return to England, but its appearance has been purposely deferred until the publication of the work by Sir George Nares.

Chapter 1 of The Great Frozen Sea by Albert Hastings, Sir Markham holds 87 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Great Frozen Sea contain?

Chapter 1 holds 87 sentences of The Great Frozen Sea, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Great Frozen Sea by Albert Hastings, Sir Markham exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 87 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Great Frozen Sea?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Great Frozen Sea

Common questions about reading The Great Frozen Sea by Albert Hastings, Sir Markham on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Great Frozen Sea?

Yes. All 4212 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43608 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Great Frozen Sea is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43608, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Great Frozen Sea take to read?

About 351 minutes of reading across 843 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Great Frozen Sea section by section

How to work through The Great Frozen Sea section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of The Great Frozen Sea to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Great Frozen Sea

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Great Frozen Sea, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

There's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great Frozen Sea; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Points
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great Frozen Sea; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
North
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great Frozen Sea; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Holds
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great Frozen Sea; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.