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The Great Salt Lake Trail
The Great Salt Lake Trail

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of The Great Salt Lake Trail is here in full — 174 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE CROWS.
The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.
The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.
Their chiefs declare that a Crow was never known to kill a white man excepting in self-defence.
As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Great Salt Lake Trail

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of The Great Salt Lake Trail is here in full — 174 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE CROWS.
/ðə kroʊz/
Line 2
The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.
Line 3
The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.
/ðə ˌɪnˈteɡrəti ʌv ðer ˈfrendʃɪp hæz bɪn ˈtestɪd ɑːn ˈmeni əˈkeɪʒənz ənd ðeɪ hæv ˈnevər pruːvd fɔːls tuː ðer ˌproʊteˈsteɪʃənz/
Line 4
Their chiefs declare that a Crow was never known to kill a white man excepting in self-defence.
/ðer tʃiːfs dɪˈkler ðæt ə kroʊ wɑːz ˈnevər noʊn tuː kɪl ə waɪt mæn ˌekˈseptɪŋ ɪn ˌselfdɪˈfens/
Line 5
As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.
/æz hæz bɪn ðə feɪt ʌv ðə nɔːrθ əˈmerəkən ˈsævədʒ sɪns ðæt dɑːrk dɪˈsembər deɪ wen ðə ˈpɪlɡrəmz ˈlændəd ɑːn ˈplɪməθ rɑːk ðə kroʊz hæv bɪn ˈdrɪvən jɪr ˈæftər jɪr frʌm wʌn ʌv ðə moʊst ˈbjuːtəfəl ˈnætʃərəl ˈriːdʒənz ɑːn ðə ˈkɑːntənənt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

crows noun US /kroʊz/

plural of “crow” — black birds having a raucous call

From this reading “THE CROWS.”

integrity noun US /ˌɪnˈteɡrəti/

an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting

From this reading “The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.”

Pilgrims noun US /ˈpɪlɡrəmz/

plural of “pilgrim” — someone who journeys in foreign lands

From this reading “As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.”

Plymouth noun US /ˈplɪməθ/

a town in Massachusetts founded by Pilgrims in 1620

From this reading “As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.”

protestations noun US /ˌproʊteˈsteɪʃənz/

plural of “protestation” — a formal and solemn declaration of objection

From this reading “The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.”

self-defence noun US /ˌselfdɪˈfens/

the act of defending yourself

From this reading “Their chiefs declare that a Crow was never known to kill a white man excepting in self-defence.”

tested adjective US /ˈtestɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading “The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.”

whites noun US /waɪts/

plural of “white” — a Caucasian

From this reading “The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

50

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Their chiefs declare that a Crow was never known to kill a white man excepting in self-defence.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

chiefsnounUS /tʃiːfs/

plural of “chief” — a person who is in charge

From this reading Their chiefs declare that a Crow was never known to kill a white man excepting in self-defence.

conductverbUS /ˈkɑːndəkt/

direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

continentnounUS /ˈkɑːntənənt/

one of the large landmasses of the earth

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

CrowverbUS /kroʊ/

dwell on with satisfaction

From this reading Their chiefs declare that a Crow was never known to kill a white man excepting in self-defence.

CROWSnounUS /kroʊz/

plural of “crow” — black birds having a raucous call

From this reading THE CROWS.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

DecembernounUS /dɪˈsembər/

the last (12th) month of the year

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

declareverbUS /dɪˈkler/

state emphatically and authoritatively

From this reading Their chiefs declare that a Crow was never known to kill a white man excepting in self-defence.

distinctionnounUS /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/

a discrimination between things as different and distinct on the basis of their characteristics or attributes

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

entitledadjectiveUS /enˈtaɪtəld/

qualified for by right according to law

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

exceptingverbUS /ˌekˈseptɪŋ/

-ing form of “except” — take exception to

From this reading Their chiefs declare that a Crow was never known to kill a white man excepting in self-defence.

falseadjectiveUS /fɔːls/

not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality

From this reading The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.

fatenounUS /feɪt/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

friendshipnounUS /ˈfrendʃɪp/

the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

integritynounUS /ˌɪnˈteɡrəti/

an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting

From this reading The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

killverbUS /kɪl/

cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading Their chiefs declare that a Crow was never known to kill a white man excepting in self-defence.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

landedadjectiveUS /ˈlændəd/

owning or consisting of land or real estate

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Their chiefs declare that a Crow was never known to kill a white man excepting in self-defence.

manlyadjectiveUS /ˈmænli/

possessing qualities befitting a man

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

occasionsnounUS /əˈkeɪʒənz/

something you have to do

From this reading The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

PilgrimsnounUS /ˈpɪlɡrəmz/

plural of “pilgrim” — someone who journeys in foreign lands

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

PlymouthnounUS /ˈplɪməθ/

a town in Massachusetts founded by Pilgrims in 1620

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

protestationsnounUS /ˌproʊteˈsteɪʃənz/

plural of “protestation” — a formal and solemn declaration of objection

From this reading The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.

provedadjectiveUS /pruːvd/

established beyond doubt

From this reading The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.

regionsnounUS /ˈriːdʒənz/

plural of “region” — the extended spatial location of something

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

relationnounUS /riˈleɪʃən/

an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

RocknounUS /rɑːk/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

savageadjectiveUS /ˈsævədʒ/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

self-defencenounUS /ˌselfdɪˈfens/

the act of defending yourself

From this reading Their chiefs declare that a Crow was never known to kill a white man excepting in self-defence.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

testedadjectiveUS /ˈtestɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Their chiefs declare that a Crow was never known to kill a white man excepting in self-defence.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE CROWS.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The integrity of their friendship has been tested on many occasions, and they have never proved false to their protestations.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

tribenounUS /traɪb/

a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Their chiefs declare that a Crow was never known to kill a white man excepting in self-defence.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Their chiefs declare that a Crow was never known to kill a white man excepting in self-defence.

whitesnounUS /waɪts/

plural of “white” — a Caucasian

From this reading The tribe of Indians known as the Crows[50] are entitled to the very marked distinction of being the most manly in their conduct in its relation to the whites.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading As has been the fate of the North American savage since that dark December day when the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the Crows have been driven year after year from one of the most beautiful natural regions on the continent.

Chapter 12 of The Great Salt Lake Trail by Henry Inman holds 174 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of The Great Salt Lake Trail contain?

Chapter 12 holds 174 sentences of The Great Salt Lake Trail, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of The Great Salt Lake Trail by Henry Inman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 174 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of The Great Salt Lake Trail?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Great Salt Lake Trail

Common questions about reading The Great Salt Lake Trail by Henry Inman on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Great Salt Lake Trail?

Yes. All 5958 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5718 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Great Salt Lake Trail is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5718, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Great Salt Lake Trail take to read?

About 496 minutes of reading across 1192 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Great Salt Lake Trail section by section

How to work through The Great Salt Lake Trail section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in The Great Salt Lake Trail

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Great Salt Lake Trail, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Trappers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great Salt Lake Trail; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Return
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great Salt Lake Trail; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lewis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great Salt Lake Trail; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Clarke's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great Salt Lake Trail; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.