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The Great Valley
The Great Valley

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Great Valley is here in full — 388 sentences across 78 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Great Valley
Context Illustration Reading 1/77 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.
Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.
Here the old Fort stood When the river bent southward.
Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.
Sand dunes stretched along the lake for miles.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Great Valley

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Great Valley is here in full — 388 sentences across 78 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/77 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.
Line 2
Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.
Line 3
Here the old Fort stood When the river bent southward.
/hiːr ðə oʊld fɔːrt stʊd wen ðə ˈrɪvər bent ˈsaʊθwərd/
Line 4
Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.
Line 5
Sand dunes stretched along the lake for miles.
/sænd duːnz stretʃt əˈlɔːŋ ðə leɪk fɔːr maɪlz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

anthology noun US /ænˈθɑːlədʒi/

a collection of selected literary passages

From this reading “_By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.”

bridges noun US /ˈbrɪdʒəz/

United States labor leader who organized the longshoremen (1901-1990)

From this reading “Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.”

Cushing noun US /ˈkʊʃɪŋ/

United States neurologist noted for his study of the brain and pituitary gland and who identified Cushing's syndrome (1869-1939)

From this reading “Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.”

docks noun US /dɑːks/

plural of “dock” — an enclosure in a court of law where the defendant sits during the trial

From this reading “Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.”

dunes noun US /duːnz/

plural of “dune” — a ridge of sand created by the wind; found in deserts or near lakes and oceans

From this reading “Sand dunes stretched along the lake for miles.”

pours verb US /pɔːrz/

third-person singular of “pour” — cause to run

From this reading “Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.”

satires noun US /ˈsætaɪərz/

plural of “satire” — witty language used to convey insults or scorn

From this reading “_By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.”

spoon noun US /spuːn/

a piece of cutlery with a shallow bowl-shaped container and a handle; used to stir or serve or take up food

From this reading “_By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Sand dunes noun + noun counted as “sand dune”

a ridge of sand created by the wind; found in deserts or near lakes and oceans

In this reading “Sand dunes stretched along the lake for miles.”

runs into verb + particle counted as “run into”

be beset by

In this reading “Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.”

into the river preposition + article + noun counted as “into … river”

In this reading “Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.”

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Sand dunes stretched along the lake for miles.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.

ANTHOLOGYnounUS /ænˈθɑːlədʒi/

a collection of selected literary passages

From this reading _By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.

AUTHORnounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading _By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.

bentnounUS /bent/

a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way

From this reading Here the old Fort stood When the river bent southward.

Berwick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

bridgesnounUS /ˈbrɪdʒəz/

United States labor leader who organized the longshoremen (1901-1990)

From this reading Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading _By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.

ChicagonounUS /ʃəˈkɑːɡoʊ/

largest city in Illinois; a bustling Great Lakes port that extends 26 miles along the southwestern shoreline of Lake Michigan

From this reading Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.

ConounUS /koʊ/

an odorless very poisonous gas that is a product of incomplete combustion of carbon

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

CushingnounUS /ˈkʊʃɪŋ/

United States neurologist noted for his study of the brain and pituitary gland and who identified Cushing's syndrome (1869-1939)

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

docksnounUS /dɑːks/

plural of “dock” — an enclosure in a court of law where the defendant sits during the trial

From this reading Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.

dunesnounUS /duːnz/

plural of “dune” — a ridge of sand created by the wind; found in deserts or near lakes and oceans

From this reading Sand dunes stretched along the lake for miles.

EDGARnounUS /ˈedɡər/

the younger brother of Edwy who became king of Northumbria when it renounced Edwy; on Edwy's death he succeeded to the throne of England (944-975)

From this reading _By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.

ETC

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Sand dunes stretched along the lake for miles.

FortnounUS /fɔːrt/

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading Here the old Fort stood When the river bent southward.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here the old Fort stood When the river bent southward.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.

JnounUS /dʒeɪ/

a unit of electrical energy equal to the work done when a current of one ampere passes through a resistance of one ohm for one second

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

LakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.

LEEnounUS /liː/

United States filmmaker whose works explore the richness of black culture in America (born in 1957)

From this reading _By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.

MassnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

MASTERSnounUS /ˈmæstərz/

United States poet (1869-1950)

From this reading _By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading Sand dunes stretched along the lake for miles.

Norwood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Here the old Fort stood When the river bent southward.

PastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.

poursverbUS /pɔːrz/

third-person singular of “pour” — cause to run

From this reading Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.

PressverbUS /pres/

exert pressure or force to or upon

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

RIVERnounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading _By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.

runsnounUS /rʌnz/

plural of “run” — a score in baseball made by a runner touching all four bases safely

From this reading Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

SandnounUS /sænd/

a loose material consisting of grains of rock or coral

From this reading Sand dunes stretched along the lake for miles.

SATIRESnounUS /ˈsætaɪərz/

plural of “satire” — witty language used to convey insults or scorn

From this reading _By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.

SmithnounUS /smɪθ/

Rhodesian statesman who declared independence of Zimbabwe from Great Britain (born in 1919)

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

SONGSnounUS /sɔːŋz/

plural of “song” — a short musical composition with words

From this reading _By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.

southwardadverbUS /ˈsaʊθwərd/

toward the south

From this reading Here the old Fort stood When the river bent southward.

SPOONnounUS /spuːn/

a piece of cutlery with a shallow bowl-shaped container and a handle; used to stir or serve or take up food

From this reading _By_ EDGAR LEE MASTERS AUTHOR OF “SPOON RIVER ANTHOLOGY”, “SONGS AND SATIRES,” ETC.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading Here the old Fort stood When the river bent southward.

stretchedadjectiveUS /stretʃt/

(of muscles) relieved of stiffness by stretching

From this reading Sand dunes stretched along the lake for miles.

switch-yards

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Here the old Fort stood When the river bent southward.

UnounUS /juː/

a base containing nitrogen that is found in RNA (but not in DNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Here the old Fort stood When the river bent southward.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Now because the world pours itself into Chicago The Lake runs into the river Past docks and switch-yards, And under bridges of iron.

Chapter 1 of The Great Valley by Edgar Lee Masters holds 388 sentences, grouped into 78 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Great Valley contain?

Chapter 1 holds 388 sentences of The Great Valley, unabridged, divided into 78 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Great Valley by Edgar Lee Masters exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 388 sentences, grouped into 78 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Great Valley?

Work through the 78 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 78 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Great Valley

Common questions about reading The Great Valley by Edgar Lee Masters on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Great Valley?

Yes. All 2273 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56436 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Great Valley is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56436, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Great Valley take to read?

About 189 minutes of reading across 455 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Great Valley section by section

How to work through The Great Valley section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of The Great Valley to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Great Valley

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Great Valley, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Edgar
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great Valley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Masters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great Valley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great Valley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spoon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great Valley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.