Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Great War in England in 1897
The Great War in England in 1897

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of The Great War in England in 1897 is here in full — 129 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Great War in England in 1897
Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
HELP FROM OUR COLONIES.
Days passed--dark, dismal, dispiriting.
Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.
British homes had been desecrated, British lives had been sacrificed, and through the land the invaders rushed ravaging with fire and sword.
Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Great War in England in 1897

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of The Great War in England in 1897 is here in full — 129 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
HELP FROM OUR COLONIES.
/help frʌm ˈaʊər ˈkɑːləniz/
Line 2
Days passed--dark, dismal, dispiriting.
Line 3
Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.
Line 4
British homes had been desecrated, British lives had been sacrificed, and through the land the invaders rushed ravaging with fire and sword.
/ˈbrɪtɪʃ hoʊmz hæd bɪn dezəˈkreɪtɪd ˈbrɪtɪʃ lɪvz hæd bɪn ˈsækrəfaɪst ənd θruː ðə lænd ðə ˌɪnˈveɪdərz rʌʃt ˈrævɪdʒɪŋ wɪð ˈfaɪər ənd sɔːrd/
Line 5
Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.
/hoʊl taʊnz hæd bɪn ˌoʊvərˈwelmd ənd ˈʃætərd ɡreɪt trækts ʌv rɪtʃ lænd ɪn ˈsʌsɪks ənd ˈhæmpʃər hæd bɪn leɪd weɪst ənd ðə ˈpiːpəl ˈpaʊərləs əˈɡenst ðə ɪˈnɔːrməs ˈfɔːrsɪz ˈswiːpɪŋ daʊn əˈpɑːn ðem hæd bɪn ˈmɜːrsələsli moʊd daʊn ənd ˈbʊtʃərd baɪ ˈkɑːsæks huːz bruːˈtæləti wɑːz ˈfiːndɪʃ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

butchered verb US /ˈbʊtʃərd/

past form of “butcher” — kill (animals) usually for food consumption

From this reading “Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.”

Cossacks noun US /ˈkɑːsæks/

plural of “cossack” — a member of a Slavic people living in southern European Russia and Ukraine and adjacent parts of Asia and noted for their horsemanship and military skill; they formed an elite cavalry corps in czarist Russia

From this reading “Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.”

desecrated adjective US /dezəˈkreɪtɪd/

treated with disrespect and contempt

From this reading “British homes had been desecrated, British lives had been sacrificed, and through the land the invaders rushed ravaging with fire and sword.”

dispiriting adjective US /dɪˈspɪrɪtɪŋ/

destructive of morale and self-reliance

From this reading “Days passed--dark, dismal, dispiriting.”

mercilessly adverb US /ˈmɜːrsələsli/

without pity; in a merciless manner

From this reading “Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.”

mowed verb US /moʊd/

past form of “mow” — cut with a blade or mower

From this reading “Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.”

ravaging noun US /ˈrævɪdʒɪŋ/

plundering with excessive damage and destruction

From this reading “British homes had been desecrated, British lives had been sacrificed, and through the land the invaders rushed ravaging with fire and sword.”

Sussex noun US /ˈsʌsɪks/

a county in southern England on the English Channel; formerly an Anglo-Saxon kingdom that was captured by Wessex in the 9th century

From this reading “Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

laid waste adjective + noun

In this reading “Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.”

Whole towns adjective + noun counted as “whole town”

In this reading “Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.”

bitter end adjective + noun

the final extremity (however unpleasant it may be)

In this reading “Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.”

great tracts adjective + noun counted as “great tract”

In this reading “Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.”

with hunger preposition + noun

In this reading “Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading British homes had been desecrated, British lives had been sacrificed, and through the land the invaders rushed ravaging with fire and sword.

bitteradjectiveUS /ˈbɪtər/

marked by strong resentment or cynicism

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

brutalitynounUS /bruːˈtæləti/

the trait of extreme cruelty

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

butcheredverbUS /ˈbʊtʃərd/

past form of “butcher” — kill (animals) usually for food consumption

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

COLONIESnounUS /ˈkɑːləniz/

plural of “colony” — a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading HELP FROM OUR COLONIES.

CossacksnounUS /ˈkɑːsæks/

plural of “cossack” — a member of a Slavic people living in southern European Russia and Ukraine and adjacent parts of Asia and noted for their horsemanship and military skill; they formed an elite cavalry corps in czarist Russia

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

crushedadjectiveUS /krʌʃt/

treated so as to have a permanently wrinkled appearance

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading Days passed--dark, dismal, dispiriting.

DaysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Days passed--dark, dismal, dispiriting.

desecratedadjectiveUS /dezəˈkreɪtɪd/

treated with disrespect and contempt

From this reading British homes had been desecrated, British lives had been sacrificed, and through the land the invaders rushed ravaging with fire and sword.

despairnounUS /dɪˈsper/

a state in which all hope is lost or absent

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

determinationnounUS /dɪˌtɜːrməˈneɪʃən/

the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

dismaladjectiveUS /ˈdɪzməl/

causing dejection

From this reading Days passed--dark, dismal, dispiriting.

dispiritingadjectiveUS /dɪˈspɪrɪtɪŋ/

destructive of morale and self-reliance

From this reading Days passed--dark, dismal, dispiriting.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

enormousadjectiveUS /ɪˈnɔːrməs/

extraordinarily large in size or extent or amount or power or degree

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

everywhereadverbUS /ˈevriwer/

to or in any or all places

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

fiendishadjectiveUS /ˈfiːndɪʃ/

extremely evil or cruel; expressive of cruelty or befitting hell

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

fierceadjectiveUS /fɪrs/

marked by extreme and violent energy

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading British homes had been desecrated, British lives had been sacrificed, and through the land the invaders rushed ravaging with fire and sword.

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

FROMprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading HELP FROM OUR COLONIES.

gaietynoun

a gay feeling

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

Grim-visaged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

HampshirenounUS /ˈhæmpʃər/

a county of southern England on the English Channel

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

heartsnounUS /hɑːrts/

a form of whist in which players avoid winning tricks containing hearts or the queen of spades

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

HELPverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading HELP FROM OUR COLONIES.

homesnounUS /hoʊmz/

plural of “home” — where you live at a particular time

From this reading British homes had been desecrated, British lives had been sacrificed, and through the land the invaders rushed ravaging with fire and sword.

hungernounUS /ˈhʌŋɡər/

a physiological need for food; the consequence of food deprivation

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

invadersnounUS /ˌɪnˈveɪdərz/

plural of “invader” — someone who enters by force in order to conquer

From this reading British homes had been desecrated, British lives had been sacrificed, and through the land the invaders rushed ravaging with fire and sword.

joynounUS /dʒɔɪ/

the emotion of great happiness

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading British homes had been desecrated, British lives had been sacrificed, and through the land the invaders rushed ravaging with fire and sword.

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading British homes had been desecrated, British lives had been sacrificed, and through the land the invaders rushed ravaging with fire and sword.

mercilesslyadverbUS /ˈmɜːrsələsli/

without pity; in a merciless manner

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

mingledverbUS /ˈmɪŋɡəld/

past form of “mingle” — to bring or combine together or with something else

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

mowedverbUS /moʊd/

past form of “mow” — cut with a blade or mower

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

OURdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading HELP FROM OUR COLONIES.

overwhelmedverbUS /ˌoʊvərˈwelmd/

past form of “overwhelm” — overcome, as with emotions or perceptual stimuli

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Days passed--dark, dismal, dispiriting.

patriotismnounUS /ˈpeɪtriətɪzəm/

love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

powerlessadjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərləs/

lacking power

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

ravagingnounUS /ˈrævɪdʒɪŋ/

plundering with excessive damage and destruction

From this reading British homes had been desecrated, British lives had been sacrificed, and through the land the invaders rushed ravaging with fire and sword.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

rushedadjectiveUS /rʌʃt/

done under pressure

From this reading British homes had been desecrated, British lives had been sacrificed, and through the land the invaders rushed ravaging with fire and sword.

sacrificedverbUS /ˈsækrəfaɪst/

past form of “sacrifice” — endure the loss of

From this reading British homes had been desecrated, British lives had been sacrificed, and through the land the invaders rushed ravaging with fire and sword.

sadnessnounUS /ˈsædnəs/

emotions experienced when not in a state of well-being

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

shatteredadjectiveUS /ˈʃætərd/

ruined or disrupted

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

SussexnounUS /ˈsʌsɪks/

a county in southern England on the English Channel; formerly an Anglo-Saxon kingdom that was captured by Wessex in the 9th century

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

sweepingadjectiveUS /ˈswiːpɪŋ/

taking in or moving over (or as if over) a wide area; often used in combination

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading British homes had been desecrated, British lives had been sacrificed, and through the land the invaders rushed ravaging with fire and sword.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading British homes had been desecrated, British lives had been sacrificed, and through the land the invaders rushed ravaging with fire and sword.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

townsnounUS /taʊnz/

plural of “town” — an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

tractsnounUS /trækts/

plural of “tract” — an extended area of land

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

WarnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

wastenounUS /weɪst/

any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

WholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Whole towns had been overwhelmed and shattered, great tracts of rich land in Sussex and Hampshire had been laid waste, and the people, powerless against the enormous forces sweeping down upon them, had been mercilessly mowed down and butchered by Cossacks, whose brutality was fiendish.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Grim-visaged War had crushed all joy and gaiety from British hearts, and fierce patriotism and determination to fight on until the bitter end mingled everywhere with hunger, sadness, and despair.

Chapter 17 of The Great War in England in 1897 by William Le Queux holds 129 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of The Great War in England in 1897 contain?

Chapter 17 holds 129 sentences of The Great War in England in 1897, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of The Great War in England in 1897 by William Le Queux exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 129 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of The Great War in England in 1897?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Great War in England in 1897

Common questions about reading The Great War in England in 1897 by William Le Queux on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Great War in England in 1897?

Yes. All 3577 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37470 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Great War in England in 1897 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37470, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Great War in England in 1897 take to read?

About 298 minutes of reading across 716 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Great War in England in 1897 section by section

How to work through The Great War in England in 1897 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Great War in England in 1897 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Great War in England in 1897

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Great War in England in 1897, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great War in England in 1897; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Edition
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great War in England in 1897; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Second
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great War in England in 1897; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Third
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great War in England in 1897; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.