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The Great War of 189-: A Forecast
The Great War of 189-: A Forecast

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Great War of 189-: A Forecast is here in full — 403 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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THE GENERAL SITUATION.
THE LIBERATION OF POLAND.
LONDON.
Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.
The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Great War of 189-: A Forecast

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Great War of 189-: A Forecast is here in full — 403 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE GENERAL SITUATION.
/ðə ˈdʒenərəl ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən/
Line 2
THE LIBERATION OF POLAND.
/ðə ˌlɪbɜːrˈeɪʃən ʌv ˈpoʊlənd/
Line 3
LONDON.
/ˈlʌndən/
Line 4
Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.
/sɪns ðə ɡreɪt ˈbætəlz tʊk pleɪs wɪtʃ ˈendəd ɪn ðə ˈfɑːlɪŋ bæk ʌv ðə ˈrʌʃən ˈfɔːrsɪz ɪˈvents hæv ˈfɑːloʊd ɪn ðæt ˈriːdʒən wɪtʃ hæv bɪn ʌv ðə ˈʌtmoʊst ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns ðoʊ ðə mɪr dɪˈteɪlz frʌm deɪ tuː deɪ hæv nɑːt bɪn ʌv səˈfɪʃənt ˈɪntrəst tuː ˈkrɑː.nɪ.kəl/
Line 5
The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

battles noun US /ˈbætəlz/

plural of “battle” — a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading “Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.”

chronicle noun US /ˈkrɑː.nɪ.kəl/

A detailed written record of historical events in order. (Sử ký, biên niên sử lịch sử.)

From this reading “Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.”

liberation noun US /ˌlɪbɜːrˈeɪʃən/

the act of liberating someone or something

From this reading “THE LIBERATION OF POLAND.”

losses noun US /ˈlɔːsəz/

something lost (especially money lost at gambling)

From this reading “The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.”

oppose verb US /əˈpoʊz/

be against; express opposition to

From this reading “The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.”

poland noun US /ˈpoʊlənd/

a republic in central Europe; the invasion of Poland by Germany in 1939 started World War II

From this reading “THE LIBERATION OF POLAND.”

policy noun US /ˈpɑːləsi/

a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group

From this reading “The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.”

traditional adjective US /trəˈdɪʃənəl/

consisting of or derived from tradition

From this reading “The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

utmost importance adjective + noun

In this reading “Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.”

took place verb + noun counted as “take place”

come to pass

In this reading “Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.”

great battles adjective + noun counted as “great battle”

In this reading “Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.”

sufficient interest adjective + noun

In this reading “Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.”

in the field preposition + article + noun counted as “in … field”

In this reading “The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.”

All words in this reading · 52

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adoptedadjectiveUS /əˈdɑːptɪd/

acquired as your own by free choice

From this reading The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

battlesnounUS /ˈbætəlz/

plural of “battle” — a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

chroniclenounUS /ˈkrɑː.nɪ.kəl/

A detailed written record of historical events in order. (Sử ký, biên niên sử lịch sử.)

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

detailsnounUS /dɪˈteɪlz/

true confidential information

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

endedadjectiveUS /ˈendəd/

having come or been brought to a conclusion

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

enemiesnounUS /ˈenəmiz/

plural of “enemy” — an opposing military force

From this reading The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.

fieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

GENERALadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading THE GENERAL SITUATION.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

importancenounUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns/

the quality of being important and worthy of note

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.

LIBERATIONnounUS /ˌlɪbɜːrˈeɪʃən/

the act of liberating someone or something

From this reading THE LIBERATION OF POLAND.

LONDONnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading LONDON.

lossesnounUS /ˈlɔːsəz/

something lost (especially money lost at gambling)

From this reading The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE LIBERATION OF POLAND.

opposeverbUS /əˈpoʊz/

be against; express opposition to

From this reading The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.

out-numbering

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

POLANDnounUS /ˈpoʊlənd/

a republic in central Europe; the invasion of Poland by Germany in 1939 started World War II

From this reading THE LIBERATION OF POLAND.

policynounUS /ˈpɑːləsi/

a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group

From this reading The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.

regionnounUS /ˈriːdʒən/

the extended spatial location of something

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

RussiannounUS /ˈrʌʃən/

a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

severeadjectiveUS /səˈvɪr/

intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality

From this reading The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.

SinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

SITUATIONnounUS /ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən/

the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading THE GENERAL SITUATION.

sufficientadjectiveUS /səˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE GENERAL SITUATION.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

traditionaladjectiveUS /trəˈdɪʃənəl/

consisting of or derived from tradition

From this reading The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.

unableadjectiveUS /əˈneɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) not having the necessary means or skill or know-how

From this reading The Russian army in the field, unable after its severe losses to oppose the far out-numbering forces of its enemies, has adopted its traditional policy.

utmostadjectiveUS /ˈʌtmoʊst/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Since the great battles took place which ended in the falling back of the Russian forces, events have followed in that region which have been of the utmost importance, though the mere details from day to day have not been of sufficient interest to chronicle.

Chapter 8 of The Great War of 189-: A Forecast by P. H. (Philip Howard) Colomb holds 403 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Great War of 189-: A Forecast contain?

Chapter 8 holds 403 sentences of The Great War of 189-: A Forecast, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Great War of 189-: A Forecast by P. H. (Philip Howard) Colomb exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 403 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Great War of 189-: A Forecast?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 3246 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #57707 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #57707, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 270 minutes of reading across 650 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Great War of 189-: A Forecast

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Great War of 189-: A Forecast, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Following
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Great War of 189-: A Forecast; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Narrative
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Appeared
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Originally
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