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The Gringos A Story Of The Old California
The Gringos A Story Of The Old California

Chapter XIV · Chapter 14

Chapter 14 of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California is here in full — 136 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Gringos A Story Of The Old California
Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.
A mark from which to measure the passing of time, it was; a date for the fixing of incidents in the memory of men.
In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.
Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.
Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Gringos A Story Of The Old California

Chapter XIV · Chapter 14

Chapter 14 of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California is here in full — 136 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.
Line 2
A mark from which to measure the passing of time, it was; a date for the fixing of incidents in the memory of men.
/ə mɑːrk frʌm wɪtʃ tuː ˈmeʒər ðə ˈpæsɪŋ ʌv taɪm ɪt wɑːz ə deɪt fɔːr ðə ˈfɪksɪŋ ʌv ˈɪnsədənts ɪn ðə ˈmem.ər.i ʌv men/
Line 3
In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.
Line 4
Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.
Line 5
Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cinched verb US /sɪntʃt/

past form of “cinch” — tie a cinch around

From this reading “In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.”

coyotes noun US /kaɪˈoʊtis/

plural of “coyote” — small wolf native to western North America

From this reading “Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.”

cumbersome adjective US /ˈkʌmbərsəm/

difficult to handle or use especially because of size or weight

From this reading “Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.”

mustangs noun US /ˈmʌstæŋz/

plural of “mustang” — small hardy range horse of the western plains descended from horses brought by the Spanish

From this reading “In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.”

peons noun US /ˈpiːənz/

plural of “peon” — a laborer who is obliged to do menial work

From this reading “Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.”

rawhide noun US /ˈrɔːhaɪd/

untanned hide especially of cattle; cut in strips it is used for whips and ropes

From this reading “Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.”

rodeo noun US /ˈroʊdioʊ/

an exhibition of cowboy skills

From this reading “RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.”

sashes noun US /ˈsæʃɪz/

plural of “sash” — a framework that holds the panes of a window in the window frame

From this reading “Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.”

All words in this reading · 154

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

activitynounUS /ækˈtɪvəti/

any specific behavior

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

adieunounUS /əˈduː/

a farewell remark

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

adobenounUS /əˈdoʊbi/

the clay from which adobe bricks are made

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

biddingnounUS /ˈbɪdɪŋ/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

big-roweled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

braidverbUS /breɪd/

make by braiding or interlacing

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

burstsnounUS /bɜːrsts/

plural of “burst” — the act of exploding or bursting

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

caballeros

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

callingnounUS /ˈkɔːlɪŋ/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

caparisonedadjective

clothed in finery (especially a horse in ornamental trappings)

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

cavalrynounUS /ˈkævəlri/

troops trained to fight on horseback

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

chaparejos

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

chargeverbUS /tʃɑːrdʒ/

to make a rush at or sudden attack upon, as in battle

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

chewedverbUS /tʃuːd/

past form of “chew” — chew (food); to bite and grind with the teeth

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

cinchedverbUS /sɪntʃt/

past form of “cinch” — tie a cinch around

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

Clara

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

clothedadjectiveUS /kloʊðd/

wearing or provided with clothing; sometimes used in combination

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

coyotesnounUS /kaɪˈoʊtis/

plural of “coyote” — small wolf native to western North America

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

cumbersomeadjectiveUS /ˈkʌmbərsəm/

difficult to handle or use especially because of size or weight

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

cyclonicadjective

of or relating to or characteristic of the atmosphere around a low pressure center

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

datenounUS /deɪt/

the specified day of the month

From this reading A mark from which to measure the passing of time, it was; a date for the fixing of incidents in the memory of men.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

drivingadjectiveUS /ˈdraɪvɪŋ/

having the power of driving or impelling

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

duelnounUS /ˈduːəl/

a prearranged fight with deadly weapons by two people (accompanied by seconds) in order to settle a quarrel over a point of honor

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

excitementnounUS /ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/

the feeling of lively and cheerful joy

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

extraadjectiveUS /ˈekstrə/

more than is needed, desired, or required

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

exultantadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzʌltənt/

joyful and proud especially because of triumph or success

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

fencesnounUS /ˈfensəz/

plural of “fence” — a barrier that serves to enclose an area

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

fixingnounUS /ˈfɪksɪŋ/

the act of putting something in working order again

From this reading A mark from which to measure the passing of time, it was; a date for the fixing of incidents in the memory of men.

flutterverbUS /ˈflʌtər/

move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A mark from which to measure the passing of time, it was; a date for the fixing of incidents in the memory of men.

gallantlyadverbUS /ˈɡæləntli/

in a gallant manner

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

gayadjectiveUS /ɡeɪ/

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

gaylyadverb

in a joyous manner

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

hairyadjectiveUS /ˈheri/

having or covered with hair

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

high-crownedadjective

(of a hat) having a high crown

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

incidentsnounUS /ˈɪnsədənts/

plural of “incident” — a single distinct event

From this reading A mark from which to measure the passing of time, it was; a date for the fixing of incidents in the memory of men.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

languorous-eyed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

laughternounUS /ˈlæftər/

the sound of laughing

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

leisurenounUS /ˈleʒər/

time available for ease and relaxation

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

looseadjectiveUS /luːs/

not compact or dense in structure or arrangement

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

markverbUS /mɑːrk/

attach a tag or label to

From this reading A mark from which to measure the passing of time, it was; a date for the fixing of incidents in the memory of men.

measurenounUS /ˈmeʒər/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading A mark from which to measure the passing of time, it was; a date for the fixing of incidents in the memory of men.

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading A mark from which to measure the passing of time, it was; a date for the fixing of incidents in the memory of men.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading A mark from which to measure the passing of time, it was; a date for the fixing of incidents in the memory of men.

middaynounUS /ˈmɪddeɪ/

the middle of the day

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

mistyadjectiveUS /ˈmɪsti/

filled or abounding with fog or mist

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

moonlightnounUS /ˈmuːnlaɪt/

the light of the Moon

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

mustangsnounUS /ˈmʌstæŋz/

plural of “mustang” — small hardy range horse of the western plains descended from horses brought by the Spanish

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading A mark from which to measure the passing of time, it was; a date for the fixing of incidents in the memory of men.

PastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

pasturenounUS /ˈpæstʃər/

a field covered with grass or herbage and suitable for grazing by livestock

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

peonsnounUS /ˈpiːənz/

plural of “peon” — a laborer who is obliged to do menial work

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

perchanceadverbUS /pərˈtʃæns/

through chance

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

Picardo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

picturesquelyadverb

in a picturesque manner

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

postsnounUS /poʊsts/

plural of “post” — the position where someone (as a guard or sentry) stands or is assigned to stand

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

pulpnounUS /pʌlp/

any soft or soggy mass

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

pulsenounUS /pʌls/

(electronics) a sharp transient wave in the normal electrical state (or a series of such transients)

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

racedverbUS /reɪst/

past form of “race” — move hurridly

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

railsnounUS /reɪlz/

a bar or pair of parallel bars of rolled steel making the railway along which railroad cars or other vehicles can roll

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

rawhidenounUS /ˈrɔːhaɪd/

untanned hide especially of cattle; cut in strips it is used for whips and ropes

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

restiveadjectiveUS /ˈrestɪv/

being in a tense state

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

rideverbUS /raɪd/

sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

RODEOnounUS /ˈroʊdioʊ/

an exhibition of cowboy skills

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

saddleverbUS /ˈsædəl/

put a saddle on

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

saddlesnounUS /ˈsædəlz/

plural of “saddle” — a seat for the rider of a horse or other animal

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

SantanounUS /ˈsæntə/

the legendary patron saint of children; an imaginary being who is thought to bring presents to children at Christmas

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

sashesnounUS /ˈsæʃɪz/

plural of “sash” — a framework that holds the panes of a window in the window frame

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

serenades

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

señorita

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

shoutsnounUS /ʃaʊts/

plural of “shout” — a loud utterance; often in protest or opposition

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

siestas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

silvernounUS /ˈsɪlvər/

a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

SlimadjectiveUS /slɪm/

being of delicate or slender build

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

slopenounUS /sloʊp/

an elevated geological formation

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

sombreros

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

SpaniardsnounUS /ˈspænjərdz/

plural of “spaniard” — a native or inhabitant of Spain

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

spursnounUS /spɜːrz/

plural of “spur” — a verbalization that encourages you to attempt something

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

sunrisenounUS /ˈsʌnraɪz/

the first light of day

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

sweptadjectiveUS /swept/

possessing sweep

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

talkedverbUS /tɔːkt/

past form of “talk” — exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

thongs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

TIMEnounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

tingleverbUS /ˈtɪŋɡəl/

cause a stinging or tingling sensation

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

valleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

vaqueros

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

velvetnounUS /ˈvelvət/

a silky densely piled fabric with a plain back

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

wavingnounUS /ˈweɪvɪŋ/

the act of signaling by a movement of the hand

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading A mark from which to measure the passing of time, it was; a date for the fixing of incidents in the memory of men.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In the valley of Santa Clara, rodeo time really began when the Picardo vaqueros cinched saddles upon restive mustangs some misty morning, and with shouts and laughter and sombreros waving high over black heads in adieu to those who remained behind, swept down the slope like a charge of gayly caparisoned cavalry, driving the loose saddle horses before them.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Past the stone and adobe wall of the home pasture, past the fences where the rails were held to their posts with rawhide thongs, which the coyotes sometimes chewed to pulp and so made extra work for the peons, they raced, exultant with life.

year'snounUS /jɪrz/

possessive form of “year” — a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading RODEO TIME In those days of large leisure and cyclonic bursts of excitement and activity; of midday siestas and moonlight serenades--and a duel, perchance, at sunrise--the spring rodeo was one of the year's events, to be looked forward to all winter by the vaqueros; and when it was over, to be talked of afterwards for months.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Slim young Spaniards they were, clothed picturesquely in velvet and braid and gay sashes; with cumbersome, hairy chaparejos, high-crowned sombreros and big-roweled, silver spurs to mark their calling; caballeros to flutter the heart of a languorous-eyed señorita, and to tingle the pulse of the man who could command and see them ride gallantly to do his bidding.

Chapter 14 of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California by B. M. Bower holds 136 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 14 of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California contain?

Chapter 14 holds 136 sentences of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 14 of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California by B. M. Bower exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 136 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 14 of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 14 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 14 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Gringos A Story Of The Old California

Common questions about reading The Gringos A Story Of The Old California by B. M. Bower on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California?

Yes. All 3890 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12139 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12139, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Gringos A Story Of The Old California take to read?

About 324 minutes of reading across 778 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Gringos A Story Of The Old California section by section

How to work through The Gringos A Story Of The Old California section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Gringos A Story Of The Old California

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Gringos A Story Of The Old California, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Glimpse
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Savage
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Normally
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Asleep
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.