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The Gringos A Story Of The Old California
The Gringos A Story Of The Old California

Chapter XV · Chapter 15

Chapter 15 of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California is here in full — 118 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Gringos A Story Of The Old California
Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.
La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.
The bell-mares of the various herds jangled a chorus of pleasant discords with their little, iron bells.
The scent of the mustard rose pungently under the trampling hoofs.
At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Gringos A Story Of The Old California

Chapter XV · Chapter 15

Chapter 15 of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California is here in full — 118 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.
Line 2
La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.
Line 3
The bell-mares of the various herds jangled a chorus of pleasant discords with their little, iron bells.
Line 4
The scent of the mustard rose pungently under the trampling hoofs.
/ðə sɛnt ʌv ðə ˈmʌstərd roʊz ˈpʌndʒəntli ˈʌndər ðə ˈtræmplɪŋ hʊfs/
Line 5
At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

blink verb US /blɪŋk/

briefly shut the eyes

From this reading “WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.”

jangled verb US /ˈdʒæŋɡəld/

past form of “jangle” — make a sound typical of metallic objects

From this reading “The bell-mares of the various herds jangled a chorus of pleasant discords with their little, iron bells.”

Laguna noun US /ləˈɡuːnə/

a body of water cut off from a larger body by a reef of sand or coral

From this reading “La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.”

Las noun US /lɑːs/

plural of “la” — a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading “La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.”

mustangs noun US /ˈmʌstæŋz/

plural of “mustang” — small hardy range horse of the western plains descended from horses brought by the Spanish

From this reading “La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.”

pungently adverb US /ˈpʌndʒəntli/

with pungency; in a pungent manner

From this reading “The scent of the mustard rose pungently under the trampling hoofs.”

quota noun US /ˈkwoʊtə/

a prescribed number

From this reading “La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.”

stilled verb US /stɪld/

past form of “still” — make calm or still

From this reading “At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

accompaniedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌmpənid/

having companions or an escort

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

bell-mares

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bell-mares of the various herds jangled a chorus of pleasant discords with their little, iron bells.

bellsnounUS /belz/

plural of “bell” — a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck

From this reading The bell-mares of the various herds jangled a chorus of pleasant discords with their little, iron bells.

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

blanketsnounUS /ˈblæŋkəts/

plural of “blanket” — bedding that keeps a person warm in bed

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

BLINKverbUS /blɪŋk/

briefly shut the eyes

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

blinkedverbUS /blɪŋkt/

past form of “blink” — briefly shut the eyes

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

CAMP-FIRES

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

cavalcadenounUS /ˈkævəlkeɪd/

a procession of people traveling on horseback

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

chorusnounUS /ˈkɔːrəs/

any utterance produced simultaneously by a group

From this reading The bell-mares of the various herds jangled a chorus of pleasant discords with their little, iron bells.

discords

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bell-mares of the various herds jangled a chorus of pleasant discords with their little, iron bells.

DownadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

dusknounUS /dʌsk/

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

embaladors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

equipmentnounUS /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/

an instrumentality needed for an undertaking or to perform a service

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

gatheringnounUS /ˈɡæðərɪŋ/

a group of persons together in one place

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

glownounUS /ɡloʊ/

an alert and refreshed state

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

headedadjectiveUS /ˈhedəd/

having a heading or course in a certain direction

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

herdsnounUS /hɜːrdz/

plural of “herd” — a group of cattle or sheep or other domestic mammals all of the same kind that are herded by humans

From this reading The bell-mares of the various herds jangled a chorus of pleasant discords with their little, iron bells.

hoofsnounUS /hʊfs/

plural of “hoof” — the foot of an ungulate mammal

From this reading The scent of the mustard rose pungently under the trampling hoofs.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading The bell-mares of the various herds jangled a chorus of pleasant discords with their little, iron bells.

jangledverbUS /ˈdʒæŋɡəld/

past form of “jangle” — make a sound typical of metallic objects

From this reading The bell-mares of the various herds jangled a chorus of pleasant discords with their little, iron bells.

LanounUS /lɑː/

a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

LagunanounUS /ləˈɡuːnə/

a body of water cut off from a larger body by a reef of sand or coral

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

LasnounUS /lɑːs/

plural of “la” — a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

lazilyadverbUS /ˈlæzəli/

in a slow and lazy manner

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

majordomo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

murmurnounUS /ˈmɜːrmər/

a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

mustangsnounUS /ˈmʌstæŋz/

plural of “mustang” — small hardy range horse of the western plains descended from horses brought by the Spanish

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

mustardnounUS /ˈmʌstərd/

any of several cruciferous plants of the genus Brassica

From this reading The scent of the mustard rose pungently under the trampling hoofs.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

noisesnounUS /ˈnɔɪzɪz/

plural of “noise” — sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound)

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

numbersnounUS /ˈnʌmbərz/

the fourth book of the Old Testament; contains a record of the number of Israelites who followed Moses out of Egypt

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

packedadjectiveUS /pækt/

extremely crowed or filled to capacity

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

pleasantadjectiveUS /ˈplezənt/

affording pleasure; being in harmony with your taste or likings

From this reading The bell-mares of the various herds jangled a chorus of pleasant discords with their little, iron bells.

pungentlyadverbUS /ˈpʌndʒəntli/

with pungency; in a pungent manner

From this reading The scent of the mustard rose pungently under the trampling hoofs.

purpling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

quotanounUS /ˈkwoʊtə/

a prescribed number

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

ranchnounUS /ræntʃ/

farm consisting of a large tract of land along with facilities needed to raise livestock (especially cattle)

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

rodeverbUS /roʊd/

inflected form of “ride” — sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading The scent of the mustard rose pungently under the trampling hoofs.

saddleverbUS /ˈsædəl/

put a saddle on

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

San

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

scentnounUS /sɛnt/

A distinctive smell or aroma.

From this reading The scent of the mustard rose pungently under the trampling hoofs.

Seca

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

shadowsnounUS /ˈʃædoʊz/

plural of “shadow” — shade within clear boundaries

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

steady-goingadjective

consistent in performance or behavior

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

stilledverbUS /stɪld/

past form of “still” — make calm or still

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

stretchedadjectiveUS /stretʃt/

(of muscles) relieved of stiffness by stretching

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

suppliesnounUS /səˈplaɪz/

plural of “supply” — an amount of something available for use

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

swellverbUS /swel/

increase in size, magnitude, number, or intensity

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

talkedverbUS /tɔːkt/

past form of “talk” — exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

tramplingnounUS /ˈtræmplɪŋ/

the sound of heavy treading or stomping

From this reading The scent of the mustard rose pungently under the trampling hoofs.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The scent of the mustard rose pungently under the trampling hoofs.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

Uvas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

valleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

vaqueros

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading The bell-mares of the various herds jangled a chorus of pleasant discords with their little, iron bells.

Vincente

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

voicesnounUS /ˈvɔɪsəz/

plural of “voice” — the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

WHENconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading WHEN CAMP-FIRES BLINK Down the valley they rode, gathering numbers to swell the cavalcade at each ranch they passed.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading At dusk, the camp-fires blinked at one another through the purpling shadows; and the vaqueros, stretched lazily upon their saddle blankets in the glow, stilled the night noises beneath the pleasant murmur of their voices while they talked.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading La Laguna Seca, San Vincente, Las Uvas sent their quota of vaqueros, each headed by a majordomo and accompanied by embaladors with the camp equipment and supplies packed upon steady-going little mustangs.

Chapter 15 of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California by B. M. Bower holds 118 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California contain?

Chapter 15 holds 118 sentences of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California by B. M. Bower exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 118 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Gringos A Story Of The Old California

Common questions about reading The Gringos A Story Of The Old California by B. M. Bower on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California?

Yes. All 3890 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12139 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12139, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Gringos A Story Of The Old California take to read?

About 324 minutes of reading across 778 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Gringos A Story Of The Old California section by section

How to work through The Gringos A Story Of The Old California section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Gringos A Story Of The Old California

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Gringos A Story Of The Old California, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Glimpse
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Savage
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Normally
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Asleep
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Gringos A Story Of The Old California; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.