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The Guardian Angel
The Guardian Angel

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of The Guardian Angel is here in full — 118 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.
He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.
He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.
It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.
The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Guardian Angel

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of The Guardian Angel is here in full — 118 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.
Line 2
He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.
Line 3
He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.
Line 4
It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.
Line 5
The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.
/ðə keɪs hæd bɪn ˈdræɡɪŋ əˈlɔːŋ frʌm jɪr tuː jɪr laɪk æn ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ ˈtʃænsəri suːt ənd waɪl kɔːrts ənd ˈlɔːjərz ənd ˈwɪtnəsəz hæd bɪn ˈsliːpɪŋ ðə ˈprɑːpərti hæd bɪn ˈstedəli ˈɡroʊɪŋ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

astute adjective US /əˈstuːt/

marked by practical hardheaded intelligence

From this reading “He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.”

chancery noun US /ˈtʃænsəri/

a court with jurisdiction in equity

From this reading “The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.”

client noun US /ˈklaɪənt/

a person who seeks the advice of a lawyer

From this reading “It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.”

confidential adjective US /ˌkɑːnfəˈdenʃəl/

entrusted with private information and the confidence of another

From this reading “It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.”

lawyers noun US /ˈlɔːjərz/

plural of “lawyer” — a professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice

From this reading “The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.”

partner's noun US /ˈpɑːrtnərz/

possessive form of “partner” — a person's partner in marriage

From this reading “He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.”

slippers noun US /ˈslɪpərz/

plural of “slipper” — low footwear that can be slipped on and off easily; usually worn indoors

From this reading “Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.”

undertaken verb US /ˈʌndərteɪkən/

inflected form of “undertake” — enter upon an activity or enterprise

From this reading “It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.”

All words in this reading · 109

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

abilitynounUS /əˈbɪlətiː/

the quality of being able to perform; a quality that permits or facilitates achievement or accomplishment

From this reading He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

amusingadjectiveUS /əˈmjuːzɪŋ/

providing enjoyment; pleasantly entertaining

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

astuteadjectiveUS /əˈstuːt/

marked by practical hardheaded intelligence

From this reading He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

beliefnounUS /bɪˈliːf/

any cognitive content held as true

From this reading He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.

believedverbUS /bɪˈliːvd/

past form of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

Bradshaw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

capableadjectiveUS /ˈkeɪpəbəl/

(usually followed by “of”) having capacity or ability

From this reading He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

chancerynounUS /ˈtʃænsəri/

a court with jurisdiction in equity

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

claimnounUS /kleɪm/

an assertion of a right (as to money or property)

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

clientnounUS /ˈklaɪənt/

a person who seeks the advice of a lawyer

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

comfortableadjectiveUS /ˈkʌmfərtəbəl/

providing or experiencing physical well-being or relief (“comfy” is informal)

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

confidentialadjectiveUS /ˌkɑːnfəˈdenʃəl/

entrusted with private information and the confidence of another

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.

courtsnounUS /kɔːrts/

plural of “court” — an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

day'snounUS /deɪz/

possessive form of “day” — time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.

draggingadjectiveUS /ˈdræɡɪŋ/

marked by a painfully slow and effortful manner

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.

evidencenounUS /ˈevədəns/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

fashionnounUS /ˈfæʃən/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

favorverbUS /ˈfeɪvər/

promote over another

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

feelverbUS /fiːl/

undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

finaladjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnəl/

occurring at or forming an end or termination

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.

growingnounUS /ˈɡroʊɪŋ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

honestadjectiveUS /ˈɑːnəst/

not disposed to cheat or defraud; not deceptive or fraudulent

From this reading He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.

honestynounUS /ˈɑːnəsti/

the quality of being honest

From this reading He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

inelegantadjective

lacking in refinement or grace or good taste

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

keenadjectiveUS /kiːn/

having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions

From this reading He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.

knowingadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊɪŋ/

evidencing the possession of inside information

From this reading He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

LawyernounUS /ˈlɔːjər/

a professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

lawyersnounUS /ˈlɔːjərz/

plural of “lawyer” — a professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

partner'snounUS /ˈpɑːrtnərz/

possessive form of “partner” — a person's partner in marriage

From this reading He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.

Penhallow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

propertynounUS /ˈprɑːpərti/

something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.

ReportsnounUS /rɪˈpɔːrts/

plural of “report” — a written document describing the findings of some individual or group

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

reprobates

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

requestverbUS /rɪˈkwest/

express the need or desire for

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

roguerynoun

reckless or malicious behavior that causes discomfort or annoyance in others

From this reading He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.

ScottnounUS /skɑːt/

award-winning United States film actor (1928-1999)

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

seatedadjectiveUS /ˈsiːtɪd/

(of persons) having the torso erect and legs bent with the body supported on the buttocks

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

settlementnounUS /ˈsetəlmənt/

a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

sleepingnounUS /ˈsliːpɪŋ/

the state of being asleep

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

slippersnounUS /ˈslɪpərz/

plural of “slipper” — low footwear that can be slipped on and off easily; usually worn indoors

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

steadilyadverbUS /ˈstedəli/

at a steady rate or pace

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

strictlyadverbUS /ˈstrɪktli/

restricted to something

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

strongeradjectiveUS /ˈstrɔːŋər/

comparative of “strong” — having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

studynounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

suitverbUS /suːt/

be agreeable or acceptable to

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

suspectverbUS /səˈspekt/

imagine to be the case or true or probable

From this reading He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He was a knowing man enough, a keen country lawyer but honest, and therefore less ready to suspect the honesty of others.

undertakenverbUS /ˈʌndərteɪkən/

inflected form of “undertake” — enter upon an activity or enterprise

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

volumenounUS /ˈvɑːljuːm/

the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

WalternounUS /ˈwɔːltər/

German conductor (1876-1962)

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

witnessesnounUS /ˈwɪtnəsəz/

plural of “witness” — someone who sees an event and reports what happened

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Lawyer Penhallow was seated in his study, his day's work over, his feet in slippers, after the comfortable but inelegant fashion which Sir Walter Scott reprobates, amusing himself with a volume of old Reports.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading It was at his request that Mr. Bradshaw had undertaken his journey, which, as he believed,--and as Mr. Bradshaw had still stronger evidence of a strictly confidential nature which led him to feel sure,--would end in the final settlement of the great land claim in favor of their client.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading The case had been dragging along from year to year, like an English chancery suit; and while courts and lawyers and witnesses had been sleeping, the property had been steadily growing.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading He had a great belief in his young partner's ability, and, though he knew him to be astute, did not think him capable of roguery.

Chapter 31 of The Guardian Angel by Oliver Wendell Holmes holds 118 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of The Guardian Angel contain?

Chapter 31 holds 118 sentences of The Guardian Angel, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of The Guardian Angel by Oliver Wendell Holmes exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 118 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of The Guardian Angel?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Guardian Angel

Common questions about reading The Guardian Angel by Oliver Wendell Holmes on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Guardian Angel?

Yes. All 5333 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2697 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Guardian Angel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2697, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Guardian Angel take to read?

About 444 minutes of reading across 1067 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Guardian Angel section by section

How to work through The Guardian Angel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Guardian Angel

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Guardian Angel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Saturday
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Guardian Angel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
State
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Guardian Angel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Banner
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Guardian Angel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Delphian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Guardian Angel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.