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The Guns of Bull Run
The Guns of Bull Run

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Guns of Bull Run is here in full — 346 sentences across 70 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Guns of Bull Run
Context Illustration Reading 1/69 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE RIVER JOURNEY "Best pour a little of this down his throat.
It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."
Harry became conscious of the "cutting" and "burning," and, struggling weakly, he sat up.
"That's better," continued the deep, masculine voice.
"You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Guns of Bull Run

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Guns of Bull Run is here in full — 346 sentences across 70 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/69 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE RIVER JOURNEY "Best pour a little of this down his throat.
/ðə ˈrɪvər ˈdʒɜːrni best pɔːr ə ˈlɪtəl ʌv ðɪs daʊn hɪz θroʊt/
Line 2
It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."
Line 3
Harry became conscious of the "cutting" and "burning," and, struggling weakly, he sat up.
/ˈheri bɪˈkeɪm ˈkɑːnʃəs ʌv ðə ˈkʌtɪŋ ənd ˈbɜːrnɪŋ ənd ˈstrʌɡəlɪŋ ˈwiːkli hiː sæt ʌp/
Line 4
"That's better," continued the deep, masculine voice.
Line 5
"You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cutting noun US /ˈkʌtɪŋ/

the activity of selecting the scenes to be shown and putting them together to create a film

From this reading “Harry became conscious of the "cutting" and "burning," and, struggling weakly, he sat up.”

increase noun US /ˌɪnˈkriːs/

a quantity that is added

From this reading “"You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.”

Kentucky noun US /kənˈtʌki/

a state in east central United States; a border state during the American Civil War; famous for breeding race horses

From this reading “"You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.”

masculine adjective US /ˈmæskjələn/

of grammatical gender

From this reading “"That's better," continued the deep, masculine voice.”

pour verb US /pɔːr/

cause to run

From this reading “THE RIVER JOURNEY "Best pour a little of this down his throat.”

spark noun US /spɑːrk/

a momentary flash of light

From this reading “It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."”

struggling adjective US /ˈstrʌɡəlɪŋ/

engaged in a struggle to overcome especially poverty or obscurity

From this reading “Harry became conscious of the "cutting" and "burning," and, struggling weakly, he sat up.”

weakly adverb US /ˈwiːkli/

in a weak or feeble manner or to a minor degree

From this reading “Harry became conscious of the "cutting" and "burning," and, struggling weakly, he sat up.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE RIVER JOURNEY "Best pour a little of this down his throat.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Harry became conscious of the "cutting" and "burning," and, struggling weakly, he sat up.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Harry became conscious of the "cutting" and "burning," and, struggling weakly, he sat up.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

BestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading THE RIVER JOURNEY "Best pour a little of this down his throat.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading "That's better," continued the deep, masculine voice.

blazin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

burnverbUS /bɜːrn/

To consume or be consumed by fire.

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

burningnounUS /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of burning something

From this reading Harry became conscious of the "cutting" and "burning," and, struggling weakly, he sat up.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

consciousadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnʃəs/

intentionally conceived

From this reading Harry became conscious of the "cutting" and "burning," and, struggling weakly, he sat up.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading "That's better," continued the deep, masculine voice.

currentnounUS /ˈkɜːrənt/

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

cuttingnounUS /ˈkʌtɪŋ/

the activity of selecting the scenes to be shown and putting them together to create a film

From this reading Harry became conscious of the "cutting" and "burning," and, struggling weakly, he sat up.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading "That's better," continued the deep, masculine voice.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading THE RIVER JOURNEY "Best pour a little of this down his throat.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

HarryverbUS /ˈheri/

annoy continually or chronically

From this reading Harry became conscious of the "cutting" and "burning," and, struggling weakly, he sat up.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Harry became conscious of the "cutting" and "burning," and, struggling weakly, he sat up.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE RIVER JOURNEY "Best pour a little of this down his throat.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

increasenounUS /ˌɪnˈkriːs/

a quantity that is added

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

It'll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

JOURNEYverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading THE RIVER JOURNEY "Best pour a little of this down his throat.

KentuckynounUS /kənˈtʌki/

a state in east central United States; a border state during the American Civil War; famous for breeding race horses

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

layin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

lettin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading THE RIVER JOURNEY "Best pour a little of this down his throat.

masculineadjectiveUS /ˈmæskjələn/

of grammatical gender

From this reading "That's better," continued the deep, masculine voice.

mouthnounUS /maʊθ/

the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

onounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE RIVER JOURNEY "Best pour a little of this down his throat.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

poundin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

pourverbUS /pɔːr/

cause to run

From this reading THE RIVER JOURNEY "Best pour a little of this down his throat.

RIVERnounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading THE RIVER JOURNEY "Best pour a little of this down his throat.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Harry became conscious of the "cutting" and "burning," and, struggling weakly, he sat up.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

sparknounUS /spɑːrk/

a momentary flash of light

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

speedverbUS /spiːd/

move hurridly

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

strugglingadjectiveUS /ˈstrʌɡəlɪŋ/

engaged in a struggle to overcome especially poverty or obscurity

From this reading Harry became conscious of the "cutting" and "burning," and, struggling weakly, he sat up.

That's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "That's better," continued the deep, masculine voice.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE RIVER JOURNEY "Best pour a little of this down his throat.

there's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading THE RIVER JOURNEY "Best pour a little of this down his throat.

throatnounUS /θroʊt/

The passage at the back of the mouth.

From this reading THE RIVER JOURNEY "Best pour a little of this down his throat.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It'll cut an' burn, but if there's a spark o' life left in him it'll set it to blazin'."

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Harry became conscious of the "cutting" and "burning," and, struggling weakly, he sat up.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading "That's better," continued the deep, masculine voice.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

weaklyadverbUS /ˈwiːkli/

in a weak or feeble manner or to a minor degree

From this reading Harry became conscious of the "cutting" and "burning," and, struggling weakly, he sat up.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

You've

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "You've been layin' on your face, lettin' the Kentucky River run out of your mouth, while we was poundin' you on the back to increase the speed o' the current.

Chapter 8 of The Guns of Bull Run by Joseph A. (Joseph Alexander) Altsheler holds 346 sentences, grouped into 70 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Guns of Bull Run contain?

Chapter 8 holds 346 sentences of The Guns of Bull Run, unabridged, divided into 70 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Guns of Bull Run by Joseph A. (Joseph Alexander) Altsheler exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 346 sentences, grouped into 70 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Guns of Bull Run?

Work through the 70 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 70 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Guns of Bull Run

Common questions about reading The Guns of Bull Run by Joseph A. (Joseph Alexander) Altsheler on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Guns of Bull Run?

Yes. All 5159 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3653 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Guns of Bull Run is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3653, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Guns of Bull Run take to read?

About 429 minutes of reading across 1032 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Guns of Bull Run section by section

How to work through The Guns of Bull Run section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 16 chapters of The Guns of Bull Run to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Guns of Bull Run

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Guns of Bull Run, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Harry
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Guns of Bull Run; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Awakened
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Guns of Bull Run; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Father
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Guns of Bull Run; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shaking
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Guns of Bull Run; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.