Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Hall and the Grange: A Novel
The Hall and the Grange: A Novel

Chapter XV

Cover illustration for The Hall and the Grange: A Novel
Context Illustration Reading 1/40 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.
The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.
Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.
They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.
He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Hall and the Grange: A Novel

Chapter XV

Reading 1/40 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.
Line 2
The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.
Line 3
Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.
Line 4
They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.
Line 5
He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Anyone pronoun US /ˈeniwʌn/

any person at all

From this reading “He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.”

Beginning noun US /ˈbeginning/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.”

Even noun US /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.”

Except preposition US /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading “The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.”

Great noun US /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.”

Last noun US /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.”

Pipe noun US /pipe/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.”

Rest noun US /rest/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.”

Smoking noun US /ˈsmoking/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.”

Still noun US /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.”

Took noun US /took/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.”

Until preposition US /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading “They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.”

Whether conjunction US /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading “Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

actually

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.

allowed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

anyonepronounUS /ˈeniwʌn/

any person at all

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.

Baldwin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.

bed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.

beginningnounUS /ˈbeginning/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.

character

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

children

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.

cigars

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

Colonel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

company

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.

corners

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.

decided

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

doubt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.

Dusk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

Eldridge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

evennounUS /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.

expensive

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

fall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

family

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.

father

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

garden

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

Grange

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.

greatnounUS /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

keeping

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.

lastnounUS /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

longer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

love

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

loved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

Miss

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.

mouth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.

own

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

pipe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

prevented

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

reserved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

restnounUS /rest/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.

RIFT

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

round

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

showing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

smile

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.

smokingnounUS /ˈsmoking/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

stiff

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

stillnounUS /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.

stroll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

summoned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.

supposed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.

taken

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.

there

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.

thoughts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

too

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

tooknounUS /took/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

trait

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.

two

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading They had been keeping him company until summoned by Miss Baldwin, and his thoughts were still upon them.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

WhetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE RIFT Dusk was beginning to fall as Colonel Eldridge took a last stroll round the garden he loved, smoking the pipe to which he had taken when he had decided that cigars were too expensive for him any longer.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The rest of the family were at the Grange, except the two children, who were supposed to be in bed.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Whether they actually were so or not their father allowed himself to doubt, with a smile at the corners of his mouth.

young

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a great love for young children, but some stiff reserved trait in his character prevented him from showing it, even to his own, when there was anyone else by.