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The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island
The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island is here in full — 194 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island
Context Illustration Reading 1/38 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
DIFFICULTIES WHET THE EDGE OF RESOLUTION.
While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.
They built a blacksmith’s shop of logs,--the floor was of earth,--made a bench, and shove-windows.
Leaving the rest to complete in rainy days, they began to prepare coal.
Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island is here in full — 194 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/38 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
DIFFICULTIES WHET THE EDGE OF RESOLUTION.
/ˈdɪfəkəltiz wet ðə edʒ ʌv ˌrezəˈluːʃən/
Line 2
While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.
Line 3
They built a blacksmith’s shop of logs,--the floor was of earth,--made a bench, and shove-windows.
Line 4
Leaving the rest to complete in rainy days, they began to prepare coal.
/ˈliːvɪŋ ðə rest tuː kəmˈpliːt ɪn ˈreɪni deɪz ðeɪ bɪˈɡæn tuː priˈper koʊl/
Line 5
Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

apprentice noun US /əˈprentəs/

works for an expert to learn a trade

From this reading “While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.”

charcoal noun US /ˈtʃɑːrkoʊl/

a carbonaceous material obtained by heating wood or other organic matter in the absence of air

From this reading “Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.”

hewing verb US /ˈhjuːɪŋ/

-ing form of “hew” — make or shape as with an axe

From this reading “While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.”

imported adjective US /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtɪd/

used of especially merchandise brought from a foreign source

From this reading “Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.”

rainy adjective US /ˈreɪni/

(of weather) wet by periods of rain

From this reading “Leaving the rest to complete in rainy days, they began to prepare coal.”

Rhines noun US /raɪnz/

plural of “rhine” — United States parapsychologist (1895-1980)

From this reading “While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.”

seaports noun US /ˈsiːpɔːrts/

plural of “seaport” — a sheltered port where ships can take on or discharge cargo

From this reading “Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.”

whet verb US /wet/

make keen or more acute

From this reading “DIFFICULTIES WHET THE EDGE OF RESOLUTION.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

rainy days adjective + noun

In this reading “Leaving the rest to complete in rainy days, they began to prepare coal.”

small quantities adjective + noun counted as “small quantity”

In this reading “Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.”

in the country preposition + article + noun counted as “in … country”

In this reading “Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They built a blacksmith’s shop of logs,--the floor was of earth,--made a bench, and shove-windows.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.

apprenticenounUS /əˈprentəs/

works for an expert to learn a trade

From this reading While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Leaving the rest to complete in rainy days, they began to prepare coal.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

benchnounUS /bentʃ/

a long seat for more than one person

From this reading They built a blacksmith’s shop of logs,--the floor was of earth,--made a bench, and shove-windows.

blacksmith's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They built a blacksmith’s shop of logs,--the floor was of earth,--made a bench, and shove-windows.

blacksmiths

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading They built a blacksmith’s shop of logs,--the floor was of earth,--made a bench, and shove-windows.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

charcoalnounUS /ˈtʃɑːrkoʊl/

a carbonaceous material obtained by heating wood or other organic matter in the absence of air

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

Charlie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.

coalnounUS /koʊl/

fossil fuel consisting of carbonized vegetable matter deposited in the Carboniferous period

From this reading Leaving the rest to complete in rainy days, they began to prepare coal.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading Leaving the rest to complete in rainy days, they began to prepare coal.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Leaving the rest to complete in rainy days, they began to prepare coal.

DIFFICULTIESnounUS /ˈdɪfəkəltiz/

plural of “difficulty” — an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading DIFFICULTIES WHET THE EDGE OF RESOLUTION.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading They built a blacksmith’s shop of logs,--the floor was of earth,--made a bench, and shove-windows.

EDGEnounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading DIFFICULTIES WHET THE EDGE OF RESOLUTION.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

floornounUS /flɔːr/

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading They built a blacksmith’s shop of logs,--the floor was of earth,--made a bench, and shove-windows.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

gettingnounUS /ˈɡetɪŋ/

the act of acquiring something

From this reading While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.

hewingverbUS /ˈhjuːɪŋ/

-ing form of “hew” — make or shape as with an axe

From this reading While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.

importedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtɪd/

used of especially merchandise brought from a foreign source

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Leaving the rest to complete in rainy days, they began to prepare coal.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

iron-work

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.

LeavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading Leaving the rest to complete in rainy days, they began to prepare coal.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

logsnounUS /lɔːɡz/

plural of “log” — a segment of the trunk of a tree when stripped of branches

From this reading They built a blacksmith’s shop of logs,--the floor was of earth,--made a bench, and shove-windows.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading They built a blacksmith’s shop of logs,--the floor was of earth,--made a bench, and shove-windows.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading DIFFICULTIES WHET THE EDGE OF RESOLUTION.

prepareverbUS /priˈper/

make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc

From this reading Leaving the rest to complete in rainy days, they began to prepare coal.

quantitiesnounUS /ˈkwɑːntətiz/

plural of “quantity” — how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

rainyadjectiveUS /ˈreɪni/

(of weather) wet by periods of rain

From this reading Leaving the rest to complete in rainy days, they began to prepare coal.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.

RESOLUTIONnounUS /ˌrezəˈluːʃən/

a formal expression by a meeting; agreed to by a vote

From this reading DIFFICULTIES WHET THE EDGE OF RESOLUTION.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading Leaving the rest to complete in rainy days, they began to prepare coal.

RhinesnounUS /raɪnz/

plural of “rhine” — United States parapsychologist (1895-1980)

From this reading While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.

seaportsnounUS /ˈsiːpɔːrts/

plural of “seaport” — a sheltered port where ships can take on or discharge cargo

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

shopverbUS /ʃɑːp/

do one's shopping

From this reading They built a blacksmith’s shop of logs,--the floor was of earth,--made a bench, and shove-windows.

shopsnounUS /ʃɑːps/

plural of “shop” — a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

shove-windows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They built a blacksmith’s shop of logs,--the floor was of earth,--made a bench, and shove-windows.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading DIFFICULTIES WHET THE EDGE OF RESOLUTION.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They built a blacksmith’s shop of logs,--the floor was of earth,--made a bench, and shove-windows.

timbernounUS /ˈtɪmbər/

the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material

From this reading While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

VeryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Very little coal, except charcoal, was then used by blacksmiths, small quantities being imported from England into the seaports, but none at all used in the country shops.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading They built a blacksmith’s shop of logs,--the floor was of earth,--made a bench, and shove-windows.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.

WHETverbUS /wet/

make keen or more acute

From this reading DIFFICULTIES WHET THE EDGE OF RESOLUTION.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading While Charlie and his men were hewing the timber, John Rhines and his apprentice were getting ready to do the iron-work.

Chapter 15 of The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island by Elijah Kellogg holds 194 sentences, grouped into 39 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island contain?

Chapter 15 holds 194 sentences of The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island, unabridged, divided into 39 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island by Elijah Kellogg exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 194 sentences, grouped into 39 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island?

Work through the 39 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 39 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island

Common questions about reading The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island by Elijah Kellogg on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island?

Yes. All 3299 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #54767 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #54767, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island take to read?

About 274 minutes of reading across 660 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island section by section

How to work through The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Island
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stories
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Elijah
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kellogg
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hard-Scrabble of Elm Island; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.