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The Hardy Country
The Hardy Country

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Hardy Country is here in full — 67 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.
In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.
It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Hardy Country

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Hardy Country is here in full — 67 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.
Line 2
In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.
/ɪn ðə ˈneɪbərhʊd ɑːr ðə ˈwɑːləps æz ˈloʊkəl ˈpɑːrləns rəˈfɜːrz tuː ə ɡruːp ʌv θriː ˈvɪlədʒəz ˈoʊvər ənd ˈneðər ˈwɑːləp wɪð ðə ˈweɪsaɪd ˈsetəlmənt ʌv ˈlɪtəl ɔːr ˈmɪdəl ˈwɑːləp ɪn bɪˈtwiːn/
Line 3
It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.
Line 4
Line 5

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

carpeted adjective US /ˈkɑːrpətɪd/

covered with or as if with carpeting or with carpeting as specified; often used in combination

From this reading “STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.”

flints noun US /flɪnts/

plural of “flint” — a hard kind of stone; a form of silica more opaque than chalcedony

From this reading “STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.”

Nether adjective US /ˈneðər/

lower

From this reading “In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.”

parlance noun US /ˈpɑːrləns/

a manner of speaking that is natural to native speakers of a language

From this reading “In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.”

stonehenge noun US /ˈstoʊnhendʒ/

an ancient megalithic monument in southern England; probably used for ritual purposes

From this reading “STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.”

unchanging adjective US /ənˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ/

conforming to the same principles or course of action over time

From this reading “STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.”

Wallop verb US /ˈwɑːləp/

hit hard

From this reading “In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.”

Wallops noun US /ˈwɑːləps/

plural of “wallop” — a forceful consequence; a strong effect

From this reading “In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

en route noun + noun

on a route to some place

In this reading “STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.”

eight miles adjective + noun counted as “eight mile”

In this reading “STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.”

fleeing from verb + particle counted as “flee from”

In this reading “It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.”

In the neighbourhood preposition + article + noun counted as “in … neighbourhood”

In this reading “In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

advanceverbUS /ədˈvæns/

move forward, also in the metaphorical sense

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

Andover

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

bringverbUS /brɪŋ/

take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

broken-hearted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

carpetedadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːrpətɪd/

covered with or as if with carpeting or with carpeting as specified; often used in combination

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

Casterbridge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

characteristicsnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪks/

plural of “characteristic” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

CornernounUS /ˈkɔːrnər/

a place off to the side of an area

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

crushedadjectiveUS /krʌʃt/

treated so as to have a permanently wrinkled appearance

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

employedadjectiveUS /emˈplɔɪd/

having your services engaged for; or having a job especially one that pays wages or a salary

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

ennounUS /en/

half the width of an em

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

Exeter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

farmverbUS /fɑːrm/

be a farmer; work as a farmer

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

fleeingverbUS /ˈfliːɪŋ/

-ing form of “flee” — run away quickly

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

flintsnounUS /flɪnts/

plural of “flint” — a hard kind of stone; a form of silica more opaque than chalcedony

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

greatnessnounUS /ˈɡreɪtnəs/

the property possessed by something or someone of outstanding importance or eminence

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

groupnounUS /ɡruːp/

any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

growingnounUS /ˈɡroʊɪŋ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

HardyadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːrdi/

having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

hay-trusser

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

highwaynounUS /ˈhaɪweɪ/

a major road for any form of motor transport

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

junctionnounUS /ˈdʒʌŋkʃən/

the place where two or more things come together

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

last-named

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

LittleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

Lobcombe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

localadjectiveUS /ˈloʊkəl/

relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

MayornounUS /ˈmeɪər/

the head of a city government

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

MiddlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

neighbourhoodnounUS /ˈneɪbərhʊd/

a surrounding or nearby region

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

NetheradjectiveUS /ˈneðər/

lower

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

occupationnounUS /ˌɑːkjəˈpeɪʃən/

the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

OverprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

parlancenounUS /ˈpɑːrləns/

a manner of speaking that is natural to native speakers of a language

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

pastoraladjectiveUS /ˈpæstərəl/

of or relating to a pastor

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

plentifullyadverb

in a bountiful manner

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

refersverbUS /rəˈfɜːrz/

third-person singular of “refer” — make reference to

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

resumingverbUS /rɪˈzuːmɪŋ/

-ing form of “resume” — take up or begin anew

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

RETURNINGadjectiveUS /rɪˈtɜːrnɪŋ/

tending to return to an earlier state

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

RoadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

roadsnounUS /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

routenounUS /ruːt/

an established line of travel or access

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

ruinedadjectiveUS /ˈruːənd/

destroyed physically or morally

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

SALISBURYnounUS /ˈsælzbəri/

the capital and largest city of Zimbabwe

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

scenenounUS /siːn/

the place where some action occurs

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

settlementnounUS /ˈsetəlmənt/

a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

STOCKBRIDGE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

STONEHENGEnounUS /ˈstoʊnhendʒ/

an ancient megalithic monument in southern England; probably used for ritual purposes

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

tellsnounUS /telz/

plural of “tell” — a Swiss patriot who lived in the early 14th century and who was renowned for his skill as an archer

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

unchangingadjectiveUS /ənˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ/

conforming to the same principles or course of action over time

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

vanishedadjectiveUS /ˈvænɪʃt/

having passed out of existence

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

villagesnounUS /ˈvɪlədʒəz/

plural of “village” — a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

WallopverbUS /ˈwɑːləp/

hit hard

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

WallopsnounUS /ˈwɑːləps/

plural of “wallop” — a forceful consequence; a strong effect

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

waysidenounUS /ˈweɪsaɪd/

edge of a way or road or path

From this reading In the neighbourhood are “the Wallops,” as local parlance refers to a group of three villages, Over and Nether Wallop, with the wayside settlement of Little (or Middle) Wallop in between.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

westernadjectiveUS /ˈwestərn/

relating to or characteristic of the western parts of the world or the West as opposed to the eastern or oriental parts

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It is this last-named to which Mr. Hardy refers when he tells how the ruined and broken-hearted Mayor of Casterbridge, fleeing from the scene of his vanished greatness and resuming his early occupation of hay-trusser, became employed at a “pastoral farm near the old western highway.

Wiltshire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading STOCKBRIDGE TO SALISBURY AND STONEHENGE RETURNING to Stockbridge, _en route_ for Salisbury, eight miles more of roads of the same unchanging characteristics, but growing more plentifully carpeted with crushed flints as we advance, bring us to Wiltshire and to a junction with the Exeter Road from Andover at Lobcombe Corner.

Chapter 4 of The Hardy Country by Charles G. (Charles George) Harper holds 67 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Hardy Country contain?

Chapter 4 holds 67 sentences of The Hardy Country, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Hardy Country by Charles G. (Charles George) Harper exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 67 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Hardy Country?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Hardy Country

Common questions about reading The Hardy Country by Charles G. (Charles George) Harper on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Hardy Country?

Yes. All 2035 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #46801 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Hardy Country is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #46801, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Hardy Country take to read?

About 169 minutes of reading across 407 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Hardy Country section by section

How to work through The Hardy Country section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 29 chapters of The Hardy Country to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Hardy Country

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Hardy Country, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Ebook
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hardy Country; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Transcribed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hardy Country; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bowler
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hardy Country; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Charles
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hardy Country; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.