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The Harris-Ingram Experiment
The Harris-Ingram Experiment

Chapter XXVI · Chapter 26

Chapter 26 of The Harris-Ingram Experiment is here in full — 68 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Harris-Ingram Experiment
Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?
Successful leaders are few, and the masses follow.
Honor, fame, power, and wealth are some of the rewards of great leadership.
The confidences bestowed and the responsibilities assumed are often very great.
A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Harris-Ingram Experiment

Chapter XXVI · Chapter 26

Chapter 26 of The Harris-Ingram Experiment is here in full — 68 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?
/ðə ˈkraɪsəs wʌt ɪz ʌv mɔːr ˈvæljuː tuː ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən ɔːr wʌt kəˈmændz ə ˈɡreɪtər ˈpriːmiəm ɪn ðə wɜːrld ðæn səkˈsesfəl ˈliːdərʃɪp/
Line 2
Successful leaders are few, and the masses follow.
/səkˈsesfəl ˈliːdərz ɑːr fjuː ənd ðə ˈmæsəz ˈfɑːloʊ/
Line 3
Honor, fame, power, and wealth are some of the rewards of great leadership.
/ˈɑːnər feɪm ˈpaʊər ənd welθ ɑːr sʌm ʌv ðə rɪˈwɔːrdz ʌv ɡreɪt ˈliːdərʃɪp/
Line 4
The confidences bestowed and the responsibilities assumed are often very great.
/ðə ˈkɑːnfədənsɪz bɪˈstoʊd ənd ðə riˌspɑːnsəˈbɪlətiz əˈsuːmd ɑːr ˈɔːfən ˈveri ɡreɪt/
Line 5
A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.
/ə bɪˈtreɪ.əl ʌv ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt trʌsts ɔːr ə ˈfeɪljər tuː dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒ riˌspɑːnsəˈbɪlətiz ˈjuːʒəwəli brɪŋz swɪft ənd ˈterəbəl ˈpʌnɪʃmənt ˈpɑːvərti ˈprɪzən dɪsˈɡreɪs ənd dɪˈsɑːnər tuː dɪˈsendənts/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

betrayal noun US /bɪˈtreɪ.əl/

The action of betraying one's country, a group, or a person; breach of trust.

From this reading “A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.”

confidences noun US /ˈkɑːnfədənsɪz/

plural of “confidence” — freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities

From this reading “The confidences bestowed and the responsibilities assumed are often very great.”

dishonor verb US /dɪˈsɑːnər/

bring shame or dishonor upon

From this reading “A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.”

leadership noun US /ˈliːdərʃɪp/

the activity of leading

From this reading “THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?”

premium noun US /ˈpriːmiəm/

payment for insurance

From this reading “THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?”

responsibilities noun US /riˌspɑːnsəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “responsibility” — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading “The confidences bestowed and the responsibilities assumed are often very great.”

rewards noun US /rɪˈwɔːrdz/

plural of “reward” — a recompense for worthy acts or retribution for wrongdoing

From this reading “Honor, fame, power, and wealth are some of the rewards of great leadership.”

trusts noun US /trʌsts/

plural of “trust” — something (as property) held by one party (the trustee) for the benefit of another (the beneficiary)

From this reading “A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.”

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Successful leaders are few, and the masses follow.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Successful leaders are few, and the masses follow.

assumedadjectiveUS /əˈsuːmd/

adopted in order to deceive

From this reading The confidences bestowed and the responsibilities assumed are often very great.

bestowedverbUS /bɪˈstoʊd/

past form of “bestow” — present

From this reading The confidences bestowed and the responsibilities assumed are often very great.

betrayalnounUS /bɪˈtreɪ.əl/

The action of betraying one's country, a group, or a person; breach of trust.

From this reading A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.

bringsverbUS /brɪŋz/

third-person singular of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.

civilizationnounUS /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

commandsnounUS /kəˈmændz/

plural of “command” — an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

confidencesnounUS /ˈkɑːnfədənsɪz/

plural of “confidence” — freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities

From this reading The confidences bestowed and the responsibilities assumed are often very great.

CRISISnounUS /ˈkraɪsəs/

an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

descendantsnounUS /dɪˈsendənts/

all of the offspring of a given progenitor

From this reading A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.

dischargeverbUS /dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒ/

complete or carry out

From this reading A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.

disgraceverbUS /dɪsˈɡreɪs/

bring shame or dishonor upon

From this reading A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.

dishonorverbUS /dɪˈsɑːnər/

bring shame or dishonor upon

From this reading A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.

failurenounUS /ˈfeɪljər/

an act that fails

From this reading A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.

famenounUS /feɪm/

the state or quality of being widely honored and acclaimed

From this reading Honor, fame, power, and wealth are some of the rewards of great leadership.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Successful leaders are few, and the masses follow.

followverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊ/

to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading Successful leaders are few, and the masses follow.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Honor, fame, power, and wealth are some of the rewards of great leadership.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

HonornounUS /ˈɑːnər/

a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction

From this reading Honor, fame, power, and wealth are some of the rewards of great leadership.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

leadersnounUS /ˈliːdərz/

the body of people who lead a group

From this reading Successful leaders are few, and the masses follow.

leadershipnounUS /ˈliːdərʃɪp/

the activity of leading

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

massesnounUS /ˈmæsəz/

the common people generally

From this reading Successful leaders are few, and the masses follow.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading The confidences bestowed and the responsibilities assumed are often very great.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

povertynounUS /ˈpɑːvərti/

the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions

From this reading A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading Honor, fame, power, and wealth are some of the rewards of great leadership.

premiumnounUS /ˈpriːmiəm/

payment for insurance

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

prisonnounUS /ˈprɪzən/

a correctional institution where persons are confined while on trial or for punishment

From this reading A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.

punishmentnounUS /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/

the act of punishing

From this reading A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.

responsibilitiesnounUS /riˌspɑːnsəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “responsibility” — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading The confidences bestowed and the responsibilities assumed are often very great.

rewardsnounUS /rɪˈwɔːrdz/

plural of “reward” — a recompense for worthy acts or retribution for wrongdoing

From this reading Honor, fame, power, and wealth are some of the rewards of great leadership.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Honor, fame, power, and wealth are some of the rewards of great leadership.

successfuladjectiveUS /səkˈsesfəl/

having succeeded or being marked by a favorable outcome

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

swiftadjectiveUS /swɪft/

moving very fast

From this reading A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.

terribleadjectiveUS /ˈterəbəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

trustsnounUS /trʌsts/

plural of “trust” — something (as property) held by one party (the trustee) for the benefit of another (the beneficiary)

From this reading A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.

usuallyadverbUS /ˈjuːʒəwəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading A betrayal of important trusts, or a failure to discharge responsibilities, usually brings swift and terrible punishment, poverty, prison, disgrace, and dishonor to descendants.

valuenounUS /ˈvæljuː/

a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The confidences bestowed and the responsibilities assumed are often very great.

wealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading Honor, fame, power, and wealth are some of the rewards of great leadership.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading THE CRISIS What is of more value to civilization, or what commands a greater premium in the world than successful leadership?

Chapter 26 of The Harris-Ingram Experiment by Charles E. (Charles Edward) Bolton holds 68 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 26 of The Harris-Ingram Experiment contain?

Chapter 26 holds 68 sentences of The Harris-Ingram Experiment, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 26 of The Harris-Ingram Experiment by Charles E. (Charles Edward) Bolton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 68 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 26 of The Harris-Ingram Experiment?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 26 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 26 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Harris-Ingram Experiment

Common questions about reading The Harris-Ingram Experiment by Charles E. (Charles Edward) Bolton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Harris-Ingram Experiment?

Yes. All 3610 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16834 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Harris-Ingram Experiment is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16834, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Harris-Ingram Experiment take to read?

About 300 minutes of reading across 722 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Harris-Ingram Experiment section by section

How to work through The Harris-Ingram Experiment section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 26 chapters of The Harris-Ingram Experiment to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Harris-Ingram Experiment

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Harris-Ingram Experiment, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Sunday
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Harris-Ingram Experiment; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Harris
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Harris-Ingram Experiment; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Family
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Harris-Ingram Experiment; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Slept
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Harris-Ingram Experiment; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.