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The Headsman
The Headsman

Chapter X

Cover illustration for The Headsman
Context Illustration Reading 1/33 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
--But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.
Werner.
Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.
Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.
Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Headsman

Chapter X

Reading 1/33 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
--But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.
Line 2
Werner.
Line 3
Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.
Line 4
Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.
Line 5
Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Ancient adjective US /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading “Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.”

Being auxiliary verb US /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading “Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.”

Conical noun US /ˈconical/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.”

Different noun US /ˈdifferent/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.”

Found noun US /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “--But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.”

Itself pronoun US /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading “Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.”

Readily noun US /readily/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.”

Stood noun US /stood/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “--But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.”

Thing noun US /thing/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.”

Though conjunction US /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading “Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “--But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “--But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.”

Wherever conjunction US /weˈrevər/

in or to any place at all

From this reading “Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.”

While conjunction US /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading “Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

accommodating

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

according

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

applied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

aspect

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

baronial

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

broad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading --But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.

castle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

common

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

conicalnounUS /ˈconical/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

cost

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

countries

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

defences

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

depended

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

differentnounUS /ˈdifferent/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

dignity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

ditches

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

edifices

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

especially

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

Europe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

expanses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

extent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

Flanders

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

followers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

foundnounUS /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

France

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

general

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

Germany

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

gewgaws

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading --But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.

heart

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.

hills

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

Holland

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading --But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

Italy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

low

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

means

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

mountains

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

natural

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

necessarily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

noble

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading --But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.

object

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading --But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

parts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

pause

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.

place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

position

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

protection

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

readilynounUS /readily/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

region

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

rocks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

Security

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

sought

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

spurs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

stoodnounUS /stood/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

style

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

suited

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

summits

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

Switzerland

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading --But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading --But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.

thingnounUS /thing/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

ThoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

Thus

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From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

timenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading --But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading --But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.

train

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From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

united

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From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

UponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading --But I have not the time to pause Upon these gewgaws of the heart.

use

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From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

varied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

very

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.

water

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

Werner

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From this reading Werner.

whereverconjunctionUS /weˈrevər/

in or to any place at all

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Security, united to dignity and the means of accommodating a train of followers suited to the means of the noble, being the common object, the position and defences of the place necessarily varied according to the general aspect of the region in which it stood.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Thus ditches and other broad expanses of water were much depended on in all low countries, as in Flanders, Holland, parts of Germany, and much of France; while hills, spurs of mountains, and more especially the summits of conical rocks, were sought in Switzerland, Italy, and wherever else these natural means of protection could readily found.

word

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though the word castle is of common use in Europe, as applied to ancient baronial edifices, the thing itself is very different in style, extent, and cost, in different countries.