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The Heritage of the Sioux
The Heritage of the Sioux

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Heritage of the Sioux is here in full — 160 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.
The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.
Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.
And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.
By that method he avoided much trouble and hurry and hard work--and escaped also the cares which come with wealth.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Heritage of the Sioux

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Heritage of the Sioux is here in full — 160 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.
Line 2
The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.
Line 3
Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.
Line 4
And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.
Line 5
By that method he avoided much trouble and hurry and hard work--and escaped also the cares which come with wealth.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Albuquerque noun US /ˈælbəkərki/

the largest city in New Mexico; located in central New Mexico on the Rio Grande river

From this reading “Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.”

incipient adjective US /ˌɪnˈsɪpiənt/

only partly in existence; imperfectly formed

From this reading “And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.”

jogging noun US /ˈdʒɑːɡɪŋ/

running at a jog trot as a form of cardiopulmonary exercise

From this reading “Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.”

lethargy noun US /ˈleθərdʒi/

a state of comatose torpor (as found in sleeping sickness)

From this reading “And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.”

mesa noun US /ˈmeɪsə/

flat tableland with steep edges

From this reading “Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.”

outfits noun US /ˈaʊtfɪts/

plural of “outfit” — any cohesive unit such as a military company

From this reading “And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.”

poignantly adverb US /ˈpɔɪnjəntli/

in a poignant or touching manner

From this reading “Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.”

roundup noun US /ˈraʊndʌp/

the activity of gathering livestock together so that they can be counted or branded or sold

From this reading “The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.”

All words in this reading · 111

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

AlbuquerquenounUS /ˈælbəkərki/

the largest city in New Mexico; located in central New Mexico on the Rio Grande river

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading By that method he avoided much trouble and hurry and hard work--and escaped also the cares which come with wealth.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

Applehead

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

avoidedverbUS /əˈvɔɪdɪd/

past form of “avoid” — stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something

From this reading By that method he avoided much trouble and hurry and hard work--and escaped also the cares which come with wealth.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

big-kneed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

brandnounUS /brænd/

a name given to a product or service

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

breezenounUS /briːz/

a slight wind (usually refreshing)

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading By that method he avoided much trouble and hurry and hard work--and escaped also the cares which come with wealth.

calvesnounUS /kævz/

plural of “calf” — young of domestic cattle

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

caresnounUS /kerz/

plural of “care” — the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading By that method he avoided much trouble and hurry and hard work--and escaped also the cares which come with wealth.

cattlenounUS /ˈkætəl/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading By that method he avoided much trouble and hurry and hard work--and escaped also the cares which come with wealth.

contentnounUS /ˈkɑːntent/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

countingnounUS /ˈkaʊntɪŋ/

the act of counting; reciting numbers in ascending order

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

couplenounUS /ˈkʌpəl/

a pair who associate with one another

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

creepingnounUS /ˈkriːpɪŋ/

a slow mode of locomotion on hands and knees or dragging the body

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

distancesnounUS /ˈdɪstənsəz/

plural of “distance” — the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

escapedadjectiveUS /ɪˈskeɪpt/

having escaped, especially from confinement

From this reading By that method he avoided much trouble and hurry and hard work--and escaped also the cares which come with wealth.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

fairlyadverbUS /ˈferli/

to certain extent or degree

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

foot-hill

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

Furrman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

grassverbUS /ɡræs/

shoot down, of birds

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

habitsnounUS /ˈhæbəts/

plural of “habit” — an established custom

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading By that method he avoided much trouble and hurry and hard work--and escaped also the cares which come with wealth.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

higheradjectiveUS /ˈhaɪər/

advanced in complexity or elaboration

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

hireverbUS /ˈhaɪər/

engage or hire for work

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

hoofnounUS /huːf/

the foot of an ungulate mammal

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

hurrynounUS /ˈhɜːri/

a condition of urgency making it necessary to hurry

From this reading By that method he avoided much trouble and hurry and hard work--and escaped also the cares which come with wealth.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

incipientadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈsɪpiənt/

only partly in existence; imperfectly formed

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

interestsnounUS /ˈɪntrəsts/

plural of “interest” — a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

joggingnounUS /ˈdʒɑːɡɪŋ/

running at a jog trot as a form of cardiopulmonary exercise

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

lank-bodied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

largeradjectiveUS /ˈlɑːrdʒər/

large or big relative to something else

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

lethargynounUS /ˈleθərdʒi/

a state of comatose torpor (as found in sleeping sickness)

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

meantverbUS /ment/

inflected form of “mean” — mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

mesanounUS /ˈmeɪsə/

flat tableland with steep edges

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

methodnounUS /ˈmeθəd/

a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)

From this reading By that method he avoided much trouble and hurry and hard work--and escaped also the cares which come with wealth.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading By that method he avoided much trouble and hurry and hard work--and escaped also the cares which come with wealth.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

opal-tinted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

outfitsnounUS /ˈaʊtfɪts/

plural of “outfit” — any cohesive unit such as a military company

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

paintingnounUS /ˈpeɪntɪŋ/

graphic art consisting of an artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

poignantlyadverbUS /ˈpɔɪnjəntli/

in a poignant or touching manner

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

representverbUS /ˌreprɪˈzent/

take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

ridgesnounUS /ˈrɪdʒəz/

plural of “ridge” — a long narrow natural elevation or striation

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

roundupnounUS /ˈraʊndʌp/

the activity of gathering livestock together so that they can be counted or branded or sold

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

roundups

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

shelteredadjectiveUS /ˈʃeltərd/

protected from danger or bad weather

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

slopesnounUS /sloʊps/

plural of “slope” — an elevated geological formation

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

sniffedverbUS /snɪft/

past form of “sniff” — perceive by inhaling through the nose

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

softadjectiveUS /sɑːft/

yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading By that method he avoided much trouble and hurry and hard work--and escaped also the cares which come with wealth.

trustnounUS /trʌst/

something (as property) held by one party (the trustee) for the benefit of another (the beneficiary)

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

walkedverbUS /wɔːkt/

past form of “walk” — use one's feet to advance; advance by steps

From this reading Applehead did not own more than a thousand head of cattle, counting every hoof that walked under his brand.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Old Applehead Furrman, jogging home across the mesa from Albuquerque, sniffed the soft breeze that came from opal-tinted distances and felt poignantly that spring was indeed here.

watchverbUS /wɑːtʃ/

look attentively

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

wealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading By that method he avoided much trouble and hurry and hard work--and escaped also the cares which come with wealth.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The grass, thick and green in the sheltered places, was fast painting all the higher ridges and foot-hill slopes, and with the green grass came the lank-bodied, big-kneed calves; which meant that roundup time was at hand.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading By that method he avoided much trouble and hurry and hard work--and escaped also the cares which come with wealth.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading And with the incipient lethargy of old age creeping into his habits of life, roundup time was not with him the important season it once had been; for several years he had been content to hire a couple of men to represent him in the roundups of the larger outfits--men whom he could trust to watch fairly well his interests.

Chapter 1 of The Heritage of the Sioux by B. M. Bower holds 160 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Heritage of the Sioux contain?

Chapter 1 holds 160 sentences of The Heritage of the Sioux, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Heritage of the Sioux by B. M. Bower exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 160 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Heritage of the Sioux?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Heritage of the Sioux

Common questions about reading The Heritage of the Sioux by B. M. Bower on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Heritage of the Sioux?

Yes. All 3084 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1299 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Heritage of the Sioux is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1299, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Heritage of the Sioux take to read?

About 257 minutes of reading across 617 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Heritage of the Sioux section by section

How to work through The Heritage of the Sioux section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of The Heritage of the Sioux to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Heritage of the Sioux

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Heritage of the Sioux, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Applehead
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Heritage of the Sioux; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Furrman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Heritage of the Sioux; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Jogging
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Heritage of the Sioux; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Across
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Heritage of the Sioux; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.