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The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal
The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal is here in full — 221 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal
Context Illustration Reading 1/44 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
See http://
Illustrated by William Rainey, R.I.
Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.
Squish!
Squelsh!
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal is here in full — 221 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/44 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
See http://
/siː ˌeɪtʃtiːtiːˈpiː/
Line 2
Illustrated by William Rainey, R.I.
Line 3
Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.
Line 4
Squish!
Line 5
Squelsh!

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bombay noun US /bɑːmˈbeɪ/

a city in western India just off the coast of the Arabian Sea; India's 2nd largest city (after Calcutta); has the only natural deep-water harbor in western India

From this reading “Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.”

Caribbean noun US /kərˈɪbiən/

an arm of the Atlantic Ocean between North and South America; the origin of the Gulf stream

From this reading “Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.”

Glasgow noun US /ˈɡlæskoʊ/

largest city in Scotland; a port on the Clyde in west central Scotland; one of the great shipbuilding centers of the world

From this reading “Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.”

http noun US /ˌeɪtʃtiːtiːˈpiː/

a protocol (utilizing TCP) to transfer hypertext requests and information between servers and browsers

From this reading “See http://”

lent noun US /lent/

a period of 40 weekdays from Ash Wednesday to Holy Saturday

From this reading “Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.”

Limited adjective US /ˈlɪmətəd/

small in range or scope

From this reading “Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.”

oily adjective US /ˈɔɪli/

containing an unusual amount of grease or oil

From this reading “Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.”

roasting noun US /ˈroʊstɪŋ/

cooking (meat) by dry heat in an oven (usually with fat added)

From this reading “Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

absolutely motionless adverb + adjective

In this reading “Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.”

in spite preposition + noun

In this reading “Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.”

trade wind noun + noun

steady winds blowing from east to west above and below the equator

In this reading “Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.”

Illustrated by verb + particle counted as “illustrate by”

In this reading “Illustrated by William Rainey, R.I.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

absolutelyadverbUS /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

addedverbUS /ˈædəd/

past form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

Blackie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

BombaynounUS /bɑːmˈbeɪ/

a city in western India just off the coast of the Arabian Sea; India's 2nd largest city (after Calcutta); has the only natural deep-water harbor in western India

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Illustrated by William Rainey, R.I.

CaribbeannounUS /kərˈɪbiən/

an arm of the Atlantic Ocean between North and South America; the origin of the Gulf stream

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

directionsnounUS /dərˈekʃənz/

plural of “direction” — a line leading to a place or point

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

fiercenessnoun

the property of being wild or turbulent

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

flashedverbUS /flæʃt/

past form of “flash” — gleam or glow intermittently

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

GlasgownounUS /ˈɡlæskoʊ/

largest city in Scotland; a port on the Clyde in west central Scotland; one of the great shipbuilding centers of the world

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

httpnounUS /ˌeɪtʃtiːtiːˈpiː/

a protocol (utilizing TCP) to transfer hypertext requests and information between servers and browsers

From this reading See http://

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Illustrated by William Rainey, R.I.

IllustratedverbUS /ˈɪləstreɪtəd/

past form of “illustrate” — clarify by giving an example of

From this reading Illustrated by William Rainey, R.I.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

lentnounUS /lent/

a period of 40 weekdays from Ash Wednesday to Holy Saturday

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

LimitedadjectiveUS /ˈlɪmətəd/

small in range or scope

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

motionlessadjectiveUS /ˈmoʊʃənləs/

not in physical motion

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

oilyadjectiveUS /ˈɔɪli/

containing an unusual amount of grease or oil

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

RnounUS /ɑːr/

a unit of radiation exposure; the dose of ionizing radiation that will produce 1 electrostatic unit of electricity in 1 cc of dry air

From this reading Illustrated by William Rainey, R.I.

Rainey

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Illustrated by William Rainey, R.I.

raysnounUS /reɪz/

plural of “ray” — a column of light (as from a beacon)

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

reflectionnounUS /rɪˈflekʃən/

a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

roastingnounUS /ˈroʊstɪŋ/

cooking (meat) by dry heat in an oven (usually with fat added)

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

SeeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading See http://

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

SonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

spitenounUS /spaɪt/

feeling a need to see others suffer

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

Squelsh

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Squelsh!

Squishverb

walk through mud or mire

From this reading Squish!

steadyverbUS /ˈstedi/

make steady

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

surfacenounUS /ˈsɜːrfəs/

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Illustrated by William Rainey, R.I.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading Blackie and Son Limited London Glasgow and Bombay It was one of those roasting days in the Caribbean, when, in spite of a steady trade wind, the air felt absolutely motionless, and the sea took on an oily surface from which the sun flashed in a thousand directions, in rays that seemed to have been lent some added fierceness by the reflection.

Chapter 1 of The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal by F. S. (Frederick Sadleir) Brereton holds 221 sentences, grouped into 45 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal contain?

Chapter 1 holds 221 sentences of The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal, unabridged, divided into 45 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal by F. S. (Frederick Sadleir) Brereton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 221 sentences, grouped into 45 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal?

Work through the 45 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 45 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal

Common questions about reading The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal by F. S. (Frederick Sadleir) Brereton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal?

Yes. All 6250 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #41767 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #41767, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal take to read?

About 520 minutes of reading across 1250 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal section by section

How to work through The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Illustrated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
William
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rainey
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Blackie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hero of Panama: A Tale of the Great Canal; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.