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The Hill of Venus
The Hill of Venus

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of The Hill of Venus is here in full — 134 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE ABBEY OF FARFA The great vaults of the Abbey of Farfa resounded with glee and merriment.
Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.
A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.
And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.
The vault was of singular construction and considerable extent.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Hill of Venus

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of The Hill of Venus is here in full — 134 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE ABBEY OF FARFA The great vaults of the Abbey of Farfa resounded with glee and merriment.
Line 2
Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.
Line 3
A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.
Line 4
And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.
/ənd iːtʃ taɪm hiː riˈplenɪʃt ðə ˈvesəlz hiː riˈfɪld hɪz oʊn wɪð ɡrɪm ˌɪmpɑːrʃiˈælɪti ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ ðə ˈæbət ənd hɪz ɡest frʌm ə loʊ ˈsetəl ɪn ə dɑːrk rɪˈses/
Line 5
The vault was of singular construction and considerable extent.
/ðə vɒlt wɑːz ʌv ˈsɪŋɡjələr kənˈstrʌkʃən ənd kənˈsɪdərəbəl ɪkˈstent/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

beverage noun US /ˈbevərɪdʒ/

any liquid suitable for drinking

From this reading “A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.”

impartiality noun US /ˌɪmpɑːrʃiˈælɪti/

an inclination to weigh both views or opinions equally

From this reading “And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.”

pertaining verb US /pərˈteɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “pertain” — be relevant to

From this reading “Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.”

refilled verb US /riˈfɪld/

past form of “refill” — fill something that had previously been emptied

From this reading “And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.”

replenished verb US /riˈplenɪʃt/

past form of “replenish” — fill something that had previously been emptied

From this reading “And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.”

replenishing verb US /riˈplenɪʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “replenish” — fill something that had previously been emptied

From this reading “A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.”

stomachs noun US /ˈstʌməks/

plural of “stomach” — an enlarged and muscular saclike organ of the alimentary canal; the principal organ of digestion

From this reading “A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.”

vanities noun US /ˈvænətiz/

plural of “vanity” — feelings of excessive pride

From this reading “Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

glided noiselessly verb + particle counted as “glide noiselessly”

In this reading “A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.”

considerable extent adjective + noun

In this reading “The vault was of singular construction and considerable extent.”

massive stone adjective + noun

In this reading “Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.”

with glee preposition + noun

In this reading “THE ABBEY OF FARFA The great vaults of the Abbey of Farfa resounded with glee and merriment.”

in a dark preposition + article + noun counted as “in … dark”

In this reading “And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.”

All words in this reading · 99

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

ABBEYnounUS /ˈæbi/

a church associated with a monastery or convent

From this reading THE ABBEY OF FARFA The great vaults of the Abbey of Farfa resounded with glee and merriment.

AbbotnounUS /ˈæbət/

the superior of an abbey of monks

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

altarnounUS /ˈɔːltər/

the table in Christian churches where communion is given

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE ABBEY OF FARFA The great vaults of the Abbey of Farfa resounded with glee and merriment.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

astoundingadjectiveUS /əˈstaʊndɪŋ/

bewildering or striking dumb with wonder

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

beveragenounUS /ˈbevərɪdʒ/

any liquid suitable for drinking

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

cadaverousadjective

very thin especially from disease or hunger or cold

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

capaciousadjectiveUS /kəˈpeɪʃəs/

large in capacity

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

casksnounUS /kæsks/

plural of “cask” — the quantity a cask will hold

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

choicestadjectiveUS /ˈtʃɔɪsəst/

superlative of “choice” — of superior grade

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

ChurchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The vault was of singular construction and considerable extent.

constructionnounUS /kənˈstrʌkʃən/

the act of constructing something

From this reading The vault was of singular construction and considerable extent.

cresset

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.

disappearedverbUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɪrd/

past form of “disappear” — get lost, as without warning or explanation

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

discoursing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

druidical

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

DukenounUS /duːk/

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.

extentnounUS /ɪkˈstent/

the point or degree to which something extends

From this reading The vault was of singular construction and considerable extent.

FARFA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ABBEY OF FARFA The great vaults of the Abbey of Farfa resounded with glee and merriment.

feasters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

friarnounUS /ˈfraɪər/

a male member of a religious order that originally relied solely on alms

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.

giantnounUS /ˈdʒaɪənt/

any creature of exceptional size

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

gleenounUS /ɡliː/

great merriment

From this reading THE ABBEY OF FARFA The great vaults of the Abbey of Farfa resounded with glee and merriment.

glidedverbUS /ˈɡlaɪdɪd/

past form of “glide” — move smoothly and effortlessly

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading THE ABBEY OF FARFA The great vaults of the Abbey of Farfa resounded with glee and merriment.

GreecenounUS /ɡriːs/

a republic in southeastern Europe on the southern part of the Balkan peninsula; known for grapes and olives and olive oil

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

grimadjectiveUS /ɡrɪm/

not to be placated or appeased or moved by entreaty

From this reading And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.

guestnounUS /ɡest/

a visitor to whom hospitality is extended

From this reading And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.

Hilarius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.

impartialitynounUS /ˌɪmpɑːrʃiˈælɪti/

an inclination to weigh both views or opinions equally

From this reading And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

incidentallyadverbUS /ˌɪnsɪˈdentəli/

introducing a different topic

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

ItalynounUS /ˈɪtəli/

a republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

largelyadverbUS /ˈlɑːrdʒli/

in large part; mainly or chiefly

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

leanverbUS /liːn/

to incline or bend from a vertical position

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

massiveadjectiveUS /ˈmæsɪv/

imposing in size or bulk or solidity

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

merrimentnoun

a gay feeling

From this reading THE ABBEY OF FARFA The great vaults of the Abbey of Farfa resounded with glee and merriment.

noiselesslyadverb

without a sound

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

obsequiouslyadverb

in an obsequious manner

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE ABBEY OF FARFA The great vaults of the Abbey of Farfa resounded with glee and merriment.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.

pertainingverbUS /pərˈteɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “pertain” — be relevant to

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

questionsnounUS /ˈkwestʃənz/

plural of “question” — an instance of questioning

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

recessverbUS /rɪˈses/

put into a recess

From this reading And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.

refilledverbUS /riˈfɪld/

past form of “refill” — fill something that had previously been emptied

From this reading And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.

replenishedverbUS /riˈplenɪʃt/

past form of “replenish” — fill something that had previously been emptied

From this reading And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.

replenishingverbUS /riˈplenɪʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “replenish” — fill something that had previously been emptied

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

resemblingverbUS /rɪˈzembəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “resemble” — appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

resounded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ABBEY OF FARFA The great vaults of the Abbey of Farfa resounded with glee and merriment.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

settleverbUS /ˈsetəl/

settle into a position, usually on a surface or ground

From this reading And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.

shedverbUS /ʃed/

get rid of

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

singleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

singularadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡjələr/

unusual or striking

From this reading The vault was of singular construction and considerable extent.

SpainnounUS /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

Spoleto

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

StatenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

stomachsnounUS /ˈstʌməks/

plural of “stomach” — an enlarged and muscular saclike organ of the alimentary canal; the principal organ of digestion

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

surroundedadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪd/

confined on all sides

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

swiftnessnounUS /ˈswɪftnəs/

a rate (usually rapid) at which something happens

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE ABBEY OF FARFA The great vaults of the Abbey of Farfa resounded with glee and merriment.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

touchingadjectiveUS /ˈtʌtʃɪŋ/

arousing affect

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

transepts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

twainnounUS /tweɪn/

two items of the same kind

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

unsteadyadjectiveUS /ənˈstedi/

subject to change or variation

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

vanitiesnounUS /ˈvænətiz/

plural of “vanity” — feelings of excessive pride

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

vaultnounUS /vɒlt/

An arched structure of masonry forming a ceiling, or a secure subterranean storage room.

From this reading The vault was of singular construction and considerable extent.

vaultsnounUS /vɔːlts/

plural of “vault” — a burial chamber (usually underground)

From this reading THE ABBEY OF FARFA The great vaults of the Abbey of Farfa resounded with glee and merriment.

vesselsnounUS /ˈvesəlz/

plural of “vessel” — a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The vault was of singular construction and considerable extent.

watchingnounUS /ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ/

the act of observing; taking a patient look

From this reading And each time he replenished the vessels, he refilled his own with grim impartiality, watching the Abbot and his guest from a low settle in a dark recess.

welfarenounUS /ˈwelfer/

governmental provision of economic assistance to persons in need

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading A single cresset shed an unsteady light over the twain, while a lean, cadaverous friar glided noiselessly in and out the transepts, obsequiously replenishing the beverage as it disappeared with astounding swiftness in the feasters' capacious stomachs.

winesnounUS /waɪnz/

plural of “wine” — fermented juice (of grapes especially)

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE ABBEY OF FARFA The great vaults of the Abbey of Farfa resounded with glee and merriment.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Before a low, massive stone table, resembling a druidical altar, surrounded by giant casks filled with the choicest wines of Italy, Greece and Spain, there sat the Duke of Spoleto and the Abbot Hilarius, discoursing largely upon the vanities of the world, and touching incidentally upon questions pertaining to the welfare of Church and State.

Chapter 31 of The Hill of Venus by Nathan Gallizier holds 134 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of The Hill of Venus contain?

Chapter 31 holds 134 sentences of The Hill of Venus, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of The Hill of Venus by Nathan Gallizier exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 134 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of The Hill of Venus?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Hill of Venus

Common questions about reading The Hill of Venus by Nathan Gallizier on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Hill of Venus?

Yes. All 5866 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #39970 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Hill of Venus is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #39970, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Hill of Venus take to read?

About 488 minutes of reading across 1174 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Hill of Venus section by section

How to work through The Hill of Venus section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 35 chapters of The Hill of Venus to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Hill of Venus

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Hill of Venus, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hill of Venus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Castel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hill of Venus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Monte
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hill of Venus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sorceress
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hill of Venus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.