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The Hills and the Vale
The Hills and the Vale

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Hills and the Vale is here in full — 442 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/88 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.
Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.
But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.
After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.
Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Hills and the Vale

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Hills and the Vale is here in full — 442 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/88 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.
Line 2
Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.
Line 3
But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.
Line 4
After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.
Line 5
Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.
/ˈmeni ʌv ðiːz hiː pæst ˈoʊvər ɔːr rɪˈdʒektɪd ɪn ˈmeɪkɪŋ ʌp ˈvɑːljuːmz ʌv eˈseɪz fɔːr ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən sʌm hiː ˈsɜːrtənli ˌɪnˈkluːdəd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Chambers's noun US /ˈtʃeɪmbərzɪz/

possessive form of “chambers” — English architect (1723-1796)

Graphic adjective US /ˈɡræfɪk/

written or drawn or engraved

journalist noun US /ˈdʒɜːrnələst/

a writer for newspapers and magazines

From this reading “After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.”

omnivorous adjective US /ɑːmˈnɪvərəs/

feeding on both plants and animals

From this reading “But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.”

Quarterly adjective US /ˈkwɔːrtərli/

of or relating to or consisting of a quarter

reprinted verb US /riˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “reprint” — print anew

From this reading “This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.”

transitory adjective US /ˈtrænzətɔːri/

lasting a very short time

From this reading “After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.”

unpublished adjective US /ənˈpʌblɪʃt/

not published

From this reading “This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

passing events noun + noun counted as “passing event”

In this reading “After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.”

passed over verb + particle counted as “pass over”

bypass

In this reading “Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.”

consists of verb + particle counted as “consist of”

In this reading “This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.”

in response preposition + noun

In this reading “After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.”

for publication preposition + noun

In this reading “Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.”

at the time preposition + article + noun counted as “at … time”

simultaneously

In this reading “After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.”

in making preposition + noun

In this reading “Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.”

All words in this reading · 125

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1872

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

addressedadjectiveUS /əˈdrest/

(of mail) marked with a destination

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

articlesnounUS /ˈɑːrtəkəlz/

plural of “article” — nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

assuredlyadverbUS /əˈʃʊrədli/

without a doubt

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

attractedverbUS /əˈtræktɪd/

past form of “attract” — direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes

From this reading But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.

Chambers'snounUS /ˈtʃeɪmbərzɪz/

possessive form of “chambers” — English architect (1723-1796)

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

collectingnounUS /kəˈlektɪŋ/

the act of gathering something together

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

consistsverbUS /kənˈsɪsts/

third-person singular of “consist” — originate

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

emptyverbUS /ˈempti/

make void or empty of contents

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

essaysnounUS /eˈseɪz/

plural of “essay” — an analytic or interpretive literary composition

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.

FieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

fifteennounUS /fɪfˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of fourteen and one

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.

Fraser's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

GraphicadjectiveUS /ˈɡræfɪk/

written or drawn or engraved

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

Hedgerownoun

a fence formed by a row of closely planted shrubs or bushes

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

higheradjectiveUS /ˈhaɪər/

advanced in complexity or elaboration

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

immediatelyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli/

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

impulsenounUS /ˈɪmpəls/

an instinctive motive

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

includedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkluːdəd/

enclosed in the same envelope or package

From this reading Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.

Jefferies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

journalistnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrnələst/

a writer for newspapers and magazines

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

KnowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

labourernoun

someone who works with their hands; someone engaged in manual labor

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

lifetimenounUS /ˈlaɪftaɪm/

the period during which something is functional (as between birth and death)

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

Longman's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

loversnounUS /ˈlʌvərz/

plural of “lover” — a person who loves someone or is loved by someone

From this reading But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

MagazinenounUS /ˈmæɡəziːn/

a periodic publication containing pictures and stories and articles of interest to those who purchase it or subscribe to it

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

ManyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

necessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

note-books

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

noticedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəst/

being perceived or observed

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

omnivorousadjectiveUS /ɑːmˈnɪvərəs/

feeding on both plants and animals

From this reading But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.

pagenounUS /peɪdʒ/

one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

publicationnounUS /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən/

a copy of a printed work offered for distribution

From this reading Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.

QuarterlyadjectiveUS /ˈkwɔːrtərli/

of or relating to or consisting of a quarter

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

rejectedadjectiveUS /rɪˈdʒektɪd/

rebuffed (by a lover) without warning

From this reading Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.

reprintedverbUS /riˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “reprint” — print anew

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

responsenounUS /rɪˈspɑːns/

a result

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

SeveraladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

shortlyadverbUS /ˈʃɔːrtli/

for a short time

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

sizenounUS /saɪz/

the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.

StandardadjectiveUS /ˈstændərd/

conforming to or constituting a standard of measurement or value; or of the usual or regularized or accepted kind

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

TimesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

Toilers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

transitoryadjectiveUS /ˈtrænzətɔːri/

lasting a very short time

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

unpublishedadjectiveUS /ənˈpʌblɪʃt/

not published

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Many of these he passed over or rejected in making up volumes of essays for publication; some he certainly included.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.

volumesnounUS /ˈvɑːljuːmz/

plural of “volume” — the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading This book consists of three unpublished essays and of fifteen reprinted from _Longman's Magazine_, _Fraser's Magazine_, the _New Quarterly_, _Knowledge_, _Chambers's Magazine_, the _Graphic_, and the _Standard_, where they have probably been little noticed since the time of their appearance.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Several more volumes of this size might have been made by collecting all the articles which were not reprinted in Jefferies' lifetime, or in 'Field and Hedgerow' and 'Toilers of the Field,' shortly after his death.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.

Wiltshire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading But the work in such volumes could only have attracted those very few of the omnivorous lovers of Jefferies who have not already found it out.

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading After the letters on the Wiltshire labourer, addressed to the _Times_ in 1872, he wrote nothing that was not perhaps at the time his best, but, being a journalist, he had often to deal immediately, and in a transitory manner, with passing events, or to empty a page or two of his note-books in response to an impulse assuredly no higher than habit or necessity.

Chapter 1 of The Hills and the Vale by Richard Jefferies holds 442 sentences, grouped into 89 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Hills and the Vale contain?

Chapter 1 holds 442 sentences of The Hills and the Vale, unabridged, divided into 89 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Hills and the Vale by Richard Jefferies exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 442 sentences, grouped into 89 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Hills and the Vale?

Work through the 89 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 89 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Hills and the Vale

Common questions about reading The Hills and the Vale by Richard Jefferies on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Hills and the Vale?

Yes. All 3540 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #31710 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Hills and the Vale is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #31710, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Hills and the Vale take to read?

About 295 minutes of reading across 708 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Hills and the Vale section by section

How to work through The Hills and the Vale section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 8 chapters of The Hills and the Vale to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Hills and the Vale

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Hills and the Vale, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Consists
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hills and the Vale; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Three
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hills and the Vale; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Unpublished
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hills and the Vale; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Essays
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hills and the Vale; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.