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The Hills and the Vale
The Hills and the Vale

Chapter VI · Chapter 6

Chapter 6 of The Hills and the Vale is here in full — 428 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/85 · 5 lines
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The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.
But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.
A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.
Allotment grounds are most useful, but they do not meet every want.
The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Hills and the Vale

Chapter VI · Chapter 6

Chapter 6 of The Hills and the Vale is here in full — 428 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/85 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.
Line 2
But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.
Line 3
A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.
/ə ˈloʊkəl əˈθɔːrəti ʌv ðɪs kaɪnd wʊd kənˈfɜːr ə ɡreɪt buːn əˈpɑːn ðə ˌæɡrəˈkʌltʃərəl puːr ɪf ðeɪ kʊd ˈrenəveɪt ðə oʊld aɪˈdiːə ʌv ə ˈkɑːmən/
Line 4
Allotment grounds are most useful, but they do not meet every want.
/əˈlɑːtmənt ɡraʊndz ɑːr moʊst ˈjuːsfəl bʌt ðeɪ duː nɑːt miːt ˈevəri wɑːnt/
Line 5
The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

agricultural adjective US /ˌæɡrəˈkʌltʃərəl/

relating to or used in or promoting agriculture or farming

From this reading “A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.”

Allotment noun US /əˈlɑːtmənt/

a share set aside for a specific purpose

From this reading “Allotment grounds are most useful, but they do not meet every want.”

confer verb US /kənˈfɜːr/

have a conference in order to talk something over

From this reading “A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.”

drunkenness noun US /ˈdrʌŋkənnəs/

a temporary state resulting from excessive consumption of alcohol

From this reading “The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.”

gymnasium noun US /dʒɪmˈneɪziəm/

a school for students intermediate between elementary school and college; usually grades 9 to 12

From this reading “But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.”

nuisances noun US /ˈnuːsənsɪz/

plural of “nuisance” — (law) a broad legal concept including anything that disturbs the reasonable use of your property or endangers life and health or is offensive

From this reading “The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.”

renovate verb US /ˈrenəveɪt/

restore to a previous or better condition

From this reading “A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.”

surveyors noun US /sərˈveɪərz/

plural of “surveyor” — an engineer who determines the boundaries and elevations of land or structures

From this reading “The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

most useful adverb + adjective

In this reading “Allotment grounds are most useful, but they do not meet every want.”

great boon adjective + noun

In this reading “A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.”

bad language adjective + noun

In this reading “The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.”

better class adjective + noun

In this reading “The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.”

deal with verb + particle

In this reading “The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.”

little difficulty adjective + noun

In this reading “The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.”

at the corners preposition + article + noun counted as “at … corner”

In this reading “The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.”

little money adjective + noun

In this reading “The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.”

All words in this reading · 101

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

agriculturaladjectiveUS /ˌæɡrəˈkʌltʃərəl/

relating to or used in or promoting agriculture or farming

From this reading A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.

AllotmentnounUS /əˈlɑːtmənt/

a share set aside for a specific purpose

From this reading Allotment grounds are most useful, but they do not meet every want.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

amuseverbUS /əˈmjuːz/

occupy in an agreeable, entertaining or pleasant fashion

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Allotment grounds are most useful, but they do not meet every want.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

authoritynounUS /əˈθɔːrəti/

the power or right to give orders or make decisions

From this reading A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.

badadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

bathing-place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

boonnounUS /buːn/

a desirable state

From this reading A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

cautionnounUS /ˈkɑːʃən/

the trait of being cautious; being attentive to possible danger

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

classnounUS /klæs/

a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.

conferverbUS /kənˈfɜːr/

have a conference in order to talk something over

From this reading A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

contrivedadjectiveUS /kənˈtraɪvd/

showing effects of planning or manipulation

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

cornersnounUS /ˈkɔːrnərz/

plural of “corner” — a place off to the side of an area

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

cottagers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.

councilnounUS /ˈkaʊnsəl/

a body serving in an administrative capacity

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

cownounUS /kaʊ/

female of domestic cattle: "“moo-cow” is a child's term"

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

cross-roads

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

difficultynounUS /ˈdɪfəkəlti/

an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

disappearverbUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɪr/

get lost, as without warning or explanation

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Allotment grounds are most useful, but they do not meet every want.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

drunkennessnounUS /ˈdrʌŋkənnəs/

a temporary state resulting from excessive consumption of alcohol

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

establishedadjectiveUS /ɪˈstæblɪʃt/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Allotment grounds are most useful, but they do not meet every want.

evilsnounUS /ˈiːvəlz/

plural of “evil” — morally objectionable behavior

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

gamblingnounUS /ˈɡæmbəlɪŋ/

the act of playing for stakes in the hope of winning (including the payment of a price for a chance to win a prize)

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

groundsnounUS /ɡraʊndz/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading Allotment grounds are most useful, but they do not meet every want.

gymnasiumnounUS /dʒɪmˈneɪziəm/

a school for students intermediate between elementary school and college; usually grades 9 to 12

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

inhabitantsnounUS /ɪnˈhæbətənts/

plural of “inhabitant” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

localadjectiveUS /ˈloʊkəl/

relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading Allotment grounds are most useful, but they do not meet every want.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Allotment grounds are most useful, but they do not meet every want.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Allotment grounds are most useful, but they do not meet every want.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

nuisancesnounUS /ˈnuːsənsɪz/

plural of “nuisance” — (law) a broad legal concept including anything that disturbs the reasonable use of your property or endangers life and health or is offensive

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.

out-of-doorsnoun

where the air is unconfined

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

renovateverbUS /ˈrenəveɪt/

restore to a previous or better condition

From this reading A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.

reproofnoun

an act or expression of criticism and censure

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

strictadjectiveUS /strɪkt/

rigidly accurate; allowing no deviation from a standard

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

surveyorsnounUS /sərˈveɪərz/

plural of “surveyor” — an engineer who determines the boundaries and elevations of land or structures

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

tryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

undoubtedlyadverbUS /ənˈdaʊtɪdli/

without doubt; certainly

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading A local authority of this kind would confer a great boon upon the agricultural poor if they could renovate the old idea of a common.

usefuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːsfəl/

being of use or service

From this reading Allotment grounds are most useful, but they do not meet every want.

wantverbUS /wɑːnt/

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading Allotment grounds are most useful, but they do not meet every want.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The better class of cottagers, who have contrived to save a little money, often try to keep a cow, and before the road surveyors grew so strict, they had little difficulty in doing so.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The moral nuisances of drunkenness, gambling, and bad language at the corners of the streets and cross-roads had best be left to the law to deal with, though the influence of a local council in reproof and caution would undoubtedly be considerable.

youngeradjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡər/

used of the younger of two persons of the same name especially used to distinguish a son from his father

From this reading But if a bathing-place, an out-of-doors gymnasium, and such things, were established, these evils would almost disappear, because the younger inhabitants would have something to amuse themselves with; at present they have nothing whatever.

Chapter 6 of The Hills and the Vale by Richard Jefferies holds 428 sentences, grouped into 86 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of The Hills and the Vale contain?

Chapter 6 holds 428 sentences of The Hills and the Vale, unabridged, divided into 86 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of The Hills and the Vale by Richard Jefferies exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 428 sentences, grouped into 86 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of The Hills and the Vale?

Work through the 86 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 86 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 6 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Hills and the Vale

Common questions about reading The Hills and the Vale by Richard Jefferies on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Hills and the Vale?

Yes. All 3540 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #31710 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Hills and the Vale is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #31710, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Hills and the Vale take to read?

About 295 minutes of reading across 708 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Hills and the Vale section by section

How to work through The Hills and the Vale section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Hills and the Vale

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Hills and the Vale, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Consists
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hills and the Vale; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Three
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hills and the Vale; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Unpublished
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hills and the Vale; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Essays
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Hills and the Vale; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.