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The history of a mouthful of bread
The history of a mouthful of bread

Chapter XXIV · Chapter 24

Chapter 24 of The history of a mouthful of bread is here in full — 74 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
CARBONIC ACID.
We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.
It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.
To tell you how it is made is more than I am able.
It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The history of a mouthful of bread

Chapter XXIV · Chapter 24

Chapter 24 of The history of a mouthful of bread is here in full — 74 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CARBONIC ACID.
/kɑːrˈbɔːnɪk ˈæsəd/
Line 2
We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.
Line 3
It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.
/ɪt ɪz ðə tʃaɪld ʌv ˈɑːksədʒən ənd ˈkɑːrbən ˈfʊtnoʊt ðɪs ɪz ðə neɪm lɜːrnd men hæv ˈɡɪvən tuː ˈtʃɑːrkoʊl ðoʊ nɑːt ɪn ðə seɪm weɪ ðæt juː ɑːr ðə tʃaɪld ʌv jɔːr ˈperənts/
Line 4
To tell you how it is made is more than I am able.
Line 5
It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.
/ɪt ɪz ə ɡæs ɔːr ɪf juː laɪk ðə wɜːrd ˈbetər ɪt ɪz æn er fɔːr wen wiː seɪ ɡæs wiː miːn er ˈoʊnli ɪt ɪz ˈɔːlweɪz ə ˈdɪfərənt sɔːrt ʌv er frʌm ðə er ʌv ðə ˈætməsfɪr wɪtʃ lɜːrnd ˈpiːpəl ɑːr nɑːt ɪn ðə ˈhæbət ʌv ˈkɔːlɪŋ ɡæs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

acid adjective US /ˈæsəd/

harsh or corrosive in tone

From this reading “CARBONIC ACID.”

carbon noun US /ˈkɑːrbən/

an abundant nonmetallic tetravalent element occurring in three allotropic forms: amorphous carbon and graphite and diamond; occurs in all organic compounds

From this reading “It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.”

carbonic adjective US /kɑːrˈbɔːnɪk/

relating to or consisting of or yielding carbon

From this reading “CARBONIC ACID.”

Charcoal noun US /ˈtʃɑːrkoʊl/

a carbonaceous material obtained by heating wood or other organic matter in the absence of air

From this reading “It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.”

deserves verb US /dɪˈzɜːrvz/

third-person singular of “deserve” — be worthy or deserving

From this reading “We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.”

Footnote noun US /ˈfʊtnoʊt/

a printed note placed below the text on a printed page

From this reading “It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.”

gas noun US /ɡæs/

the state of matter distinguished from the solid and liquid states by: relatively low density and viscosity

From this reading “It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.”

oxygen noun US /ˈɑːksədʒən/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading “It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading To tell you how it is made is more than I am able.

ACIDadjectiveUS /ˈæsəd/

harsh or corrosive in tone

From this reading CARBONIC ACID.

acquaintancenounUS /əˈkweɪntəns/

personal knowledge or information about someone or something

From this reading We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading To tell you how it is made is more than I am able.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.

atmospherenounUS /ˈætməsfɪr/

a particular environment or surrounding influence

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

callingnounUS /ˈkɔːlɪŋ/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

carbonnounUS /ˈkɑːrbən/

an abundant nonmetallic tetravalent element occurring in three allotropic forms: amorphous carbon and graphite and diamond; occurs in all organic compounds

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

CARBONICadjectiveUS /kɑːrˈbɔːnɪk/

relating to or consisting of or yielding carbon

From this reading CARBONIC ACID.

CharcoalnounUS /ˈtʃɑːrkoʊl/

a carbonaceous material obtained by heating wood or other organic matter in the absence of air

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

deservesverbUS /dɪˈzɜːrvz/

third-person singular of “deserve” — be worthy or deserving

From this reading We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

FootnotenounUS /ˈfʊtnoʊt/

a printed note placed below the text on a printed page

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

gasnounUS /ɡæs/

the state of matter distinguished from the solid and liquid states by: relatively low density and viscosity

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To tell you how it is made is more than I am able.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading To tell you how it is made is more than I am able.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading To tell you how it is made is more than I am able.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading To tell you how it is made is more than I am able.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.

oxygennounUS /ˈɑːksədʒən/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

parentsnounUS /ˈperənts/

plural of “parent” — a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

personagenoun

another word for person; a person not meriting identification

From this reading We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading To tell you how it is made is more than I am able.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading To tell you how it is made is more than I am able.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.

to-day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading We are going to make acquaintance to-day with a new personage, who well deserves our attention.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading It is a _gas_, or if you like the word better, it is an _air_; for when we say "gas," we mean "air;" only it is always a different sort of air from the air of the atmosphere, which learned people are not in the habit of calling _gas_.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading It is the child of oxygen and carbon, [Footnote: This is the name learned men have given to Charcoal.] though not in the same way that you are the child of your parents.

Chapter 24 of The history of a mouthful of bread by Jean Macé holds 74 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 24 of The history of a mouthful of bread contain?

Chapter 24 holds 74 sentences of The history of a mouthful of bread, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 24 of The history of a mouthful of bread by Jean Macé exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 74 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 24 of The history of a mouthful of bread?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 24 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 24 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 3984 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6970 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #6970, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 332 minutes of reading across 797 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The history of a mouthful of bread

Words and structures a reader meets early in The history of a mouthful of bread, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mountains
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The history of a mouthful of bread; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Whence
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The history of a mouthful of bread; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Write
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The history of a mouthful of bread; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Child
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The history of a mouthful of bread; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.