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The history of a mouthful of bread
The history of a mouthful of bread

Chapter XXXIX · Chapter 39

Chapter 39 of The history of a mouthful of bread is here in full — 100 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
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THE NOURISHMENT OF PLANTS.
One more word before we part about the last of the eaters, about Vegetables.
They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.
Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.
How does it feed?
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The history of a mouthful of bread

Chapter XXXIX · Chapter 39

Chapter 39 of The history of a mouthful of bread is here in full — 100 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE NOURISHMENT OF PLANTS.
/ðə ˈnɜːrɪʃmənt ʌv plænts/
Line 2
One more word before we part about the last of the eaters, about Vegetables.
/wʌn mɔːr wɜːrd bɪˈfɔːr wiː pɑːrt əˈbaʊt ðə læst ʌv ðə ˈiːtərz əˈbaʊt ˈvedʒtəbəlz/
Line 3
They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.
Line 4
Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.
/let ʌs lʊk wʌns mɔːr æt ðɪs oʊk ʌv huːz ˈmænər ʌv ɡroʊθ aɪ wɑːz əˈblaɪdʒd tuː ɡɪv juː ə sketʃ bɪˈfɔːrhænd ɪn ˈɔːrdər tuː ʃoʊ juː ðə taɪz wɪtʃ ˈjuːnaɪt ɪt wɪð ɪts ˌɪˈmiːdiːət ˈneɪbərz ɪn ðə ˈænəməl ˈkɪŋdəm/
Line 5
How does it feed?

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

eaters noun US /ˈiːtərz/

plural of “eater” — someone who consumes food for nourishment

From this reading “One more word before we part about the last of the eaters, about Vegetables.”

fundamental adjective US /ˌfʌndəˈmentəl/

serving as an essential component

From this reading “They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.”

nourishment noun US /ˈnɜːrɪʃmənt/

a source of materials to nourish the body

From this reading “THE NOURISHMENT OF PLANTS.”

subjected verb US /səbˈdʒektɪd/

past form of “subject” — cause to experience or suffer or make liable or vulnerable to

From this reading “They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.”

ties noun US /taɪz/

plural of “tie” — neckwear consisting of a long narrow piece of material worn (mostly by men) under a collar and tied in knot at the front

From this reading “Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.”

uniformity noun US /ˌjuːnəˈfɔːrməti/

a condition in which everything is regular and unvarying

From this reading “They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.”

unite verb US /ˈjuːnaɪt/

act in concert or unite in a common purpose or belief

From this reading “Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.”

Vegetables noun US /ˈvedʒtəbəlz/

plural of “vegetable” — edible seeds or roots or stems or leaves or bulbs or tubers or nonsweet fruits of any of numerous herbaceous plant

From this reading “One more word before we part about the last of the eaters, about Vegetables.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading One more word before we part about the last of the eaters, about Vegetables.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

animalnounUS /ˈænəməl/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

AuthornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading One more word before we part about the last of the eaters, about Vegetables.

beforehandadjectiveUS /bɪˈfɔːrhænd/

being ahead of time or need

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

beingsnounUS /ˈbiːɪŋz/

plural of “being” — the state or fact of existing

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

clearlyadverbUS /ˈklɪrli/

without doubt or question

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

conditionsnounUS /kənˈdɪʃənz/

the prevailing context that influences the performance or the outcome of a process

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading How does it feed?

eatersnounUS /ˈiːtərz/

plural of “eater” — someone who consumes food for nourishment

From this reading One more word before we part about the last of the eaters, about Vegetables.

feedverbUS /fiːd/

provide as food

From this reading How does it feed?

fundamentaladjectiveUS /ˌfʌndəˈmentəl/

serving as an essential component

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

furnishverbUS /ˈfɜːrnɪʃ/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

growthnounUS /ɡroʊθ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How does it feed?

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

immediateadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːət/

of the present time and place

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

kingdomnounUS /ˈkɪŋdəm/

a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading One more word before we part about the last of the eaters, about Vegetables.

Letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading One more word before we part about the last of the eaters, about Vegetables.

neighborsnounUS /ˈneɪbərz/

plural of “neighbor” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

NOURISHMENTnounUS /ˈnɜːrɪʃmənt/

a source of materials to nourish the body

From this reading THE NOURISHMENT OF PLANTS.

oaknounUS /oʊk/

the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

obligedadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒd/

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE NOURISHMENT OF PLANTS.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One more word before we part about the last of the eaters, about Vegetables.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

organisedadjective

being a member of or formed into a labor union

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading One more word before we part about the last of the eaters, about Vegetables.

PLANTSnounUS /plænts/

plural of “plant” — buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading THE NOURISHMENT OF PLANTS.

proofnounUS /pruːf/

any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

sketchnounUS /sketʃ/

preliminary drawing for later elaboration

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

subjectedverbUS /səbˈdʒektɪd/

past form of “subject” — cause to experience or suffer or make liable or vulnerable to

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE NOURISHMENT OF PLANTS.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

tiesnounUS /taɪz/

plural of “tie” — neckwear consisting of a long narrow piece of material worn (mostly by men) under a collar and tied in knot at the front

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

uniformitynounUS /ˌjuːnəˈfɔːrməti/

a condition in which everything is regular and unvarying

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

uniteverbUS /ˈjuːnaɪt/

act in concert or unite in a common purpose or belief

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

VegetablesnounUS /ˈvedʒtəbəlz/

plural of “vegetable” — edible seeds or roots or stems or leaves or bulbs or tubers or nonsweet fruits of any of numerous herbaceous plant

From this reading One more word before we part about the last of the eaters, about Vegetables.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading One more word before we part about the last of the eaters, about Vegetables.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Let us look once more at this oak, of whose manner of growth I was obliged to give you a sketch beforehand, in order to show you the ties which unite it with its immediate neighbors in the animal kingdom.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading One more word before we part about the last of the eaters, about Vegetables.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading They will furnish you with a new and very clearly marked proof of the uniformity of the fundamental conditions to which the Author of life has subjected all organised beings.

Chapter 39 of The history of a mouthful of bread by Jean Macé holds 100 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 39 of The history of a mouthful of bread contain?

Chapter 39 holds 100 sentences of The history of a mouthful of bread, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 39 of The history of a mouthful of bread by Jean Macé exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 100 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 39 of The history of a mouthful of bread?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 39 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 39 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #6970, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 332 minutes of reading across 797 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The history of a mouthful of bread

Words and structures a reader meets early in The history of a mouthful of bread, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mountains
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The history of a mouthful of bread; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Whence
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The history of a mouthful of bread; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Write
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The history of a mouthful of bread; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Child
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The history of a mouthful of bread; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.