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The History of David Grieve
The History of David Grieve

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The History of David Grieve is here in full — 310 sentences across 62 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/62 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.
Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.
The open-air life, the animals, his books, out of all of them he managed to extract a very fair daily sum of enjoyment.
And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.
All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The History of David Grieve

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The History of David Grieve is here in full — 310 sentences across 62 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/62 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.
/frʌm ðæt naɪt ˈfɔːrwərd ˈdeɪvɪd lʊkt əˈpɑːn ðə fɑːrm ənd ɔːl hɪz laɪf ðer wɪð ˈʌðər aɪz/
Line 2
Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.
Line 3
The open-air life, the animals, his books, out of all of them he managed to extract a very fair daily sum of enjoyment.
Line 4
And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.
Line 5
All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

errands noun US /ˈerəndz/

plural of “errand” — a short trip that is taken in the performance of a necessary task or mission

From this reading “And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.”

frequented verb US /ˈfriːkwəntɪd/

past form of “frequent” — do one's shopping at; do business with; be a customer or client of

From this reading “And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.”

herding verb US /ˈhɜːrdɪŋ/

-ing form of “herd” — cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading “And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.”

lends verb US /lendz/

third-person singular of “lend” — bestow a quality on

From this reading “All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.”

markets noun US /ˈmɑːrkəts/

plural of “market” — the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold

From this reading “And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.”

perennial adjective US /pərˈeniəl/

lasting three seasons or more

From this reading “Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.”

Reuben noun US /ˈruːbən/

(Old Testment) a son of Jacob and forefather of one of the tribes of Israel

From this reading “Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.”

tyrannies noun US /ˈtɪrəniz/

plural of “tyranny” — a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

From this reading “Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.”

All words in this reading · 99

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The open-air life, the animals, his books, out of all of them he managed to extract a very fair daily sum of enjoyment.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

animalsnounUS /ˈænəməlz/

plural of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading The open-air life, the animals, his books, out of all of them he managed to extract a very fair daily sum of enjoyment.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

AuntnounUS /ænt/

the sister of your father or mother; the wife of your uncle

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading The open-air life, the animals, his books, out of all of them he managed to extract a very fair daily sum of enjoyment.

Clough

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

contentnounUS /ˈkɑːntent/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

cow-house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading The open-air life, the animals, his books, out of all of them he managed to extract a very fair daily sum of enjoyment.

DavidnounUS /ˈdeɪvɪd/

patron saint of Wales (circa 520-600)

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

detachmentnounUS /dɪˈtætʃmənt/

avoiding emotional involvement

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

donkey-cart

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

drivingadjectiveUS /ˈdraɪvɪŋ/

having the power of driving or impelling

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

EndnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

enjoymentnounUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪmənt/

the pleasure felt when having a good time

From this reading The open-air life, the animals, his books, out of all of them he managed to extract a very fair daily sum of enjoyment.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

errandsnounUS /ˈerəndz/

plural of “errand” — a short trip that is taken in the performance of a necessary task or mission

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

extractverbUS /ˈekstrækt/

remove, usually with some force or effort; also used in an abstract sense

From this reading The open-air life, the animals, his books, out of all of them he managed to extract a very fair daily sum of enjoyment.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading The open-air life, the animals, his books, out of all of them he managed to extract a very fair daily sum of enjoyment.

farmverbUS /fɑːrm/

be a farmer; work as a farmer

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

frequentedverbUS /ˈfriːkwəntɪd/

past form of “frequent” — do one's shopping at; do business with; be a customer or client of

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

Hannah's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

haymakingnoun

taking full advantage of an opportunity while it lasts

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

helpingnounUS /ˈhelpɪŋ/

an individual quantity of food or drink taken as part of a meal

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

herdingverbUS /ˈhɜːrdɪŋ/

-ing form of “herd” — cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

lendsverbUS /lendz/

third-person singular of “lend” — bestow a quality on

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

Louie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

managedverbUS /ˈmænədʒd/

past form of “manage” — be successful; achieve a goal

From this reading The open-air life, the animals, his books, out of all of them he managed to extract a very fair daily sum of enjoyment.

marketsnounUS /ˈmɑːrkəts/

plural of “market” — the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

open-airadjective

in the open air

From this reading The open-air life, the animals, his books, out of all of them he managed to extract a very fair daily sum of enjoyment.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The open-air life, the animals, his books, out of all of them he managed to extract a very fair daily sum of enjoyment.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

perennialadjectiveUS /pərˈeniəl/

lasting three seasons or more

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

placiditynoun

a feeling of calmness; a quiet and undisturbed feeling

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

pressurenounUS /ˈpreʃər/

the force applied to a unit area of surface; measured in pascals (SI unit) or in dynes (cgs unit)

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

readinessnounUS /ˈredinəs/

the state of having been made ready or prepared for use or action (especially military action)

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

reluctancenounUS /rɪˈlʌktəns/

(physics) opposition to magnetic flux (analogous to electric resistance)

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

ReubennounUS /ˈruːbən/

(Old Testment) a son of Jacob and forefather of one of the tribes of Israel

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

runningadjectiveUS /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

(of fluids) moving or issuing in a stream

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

sheepnounUS /ʃiːp/

woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

sheep-shearing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

spitenounUS /spaɪt/

feeling a need to see others suffer

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

stableadjectiveUS /ˈsteɪbəl/

resistant to change of position or condition

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

stocknounUS /stɑːk/

the capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

sumnounUS /sʌm/

a quantity of money

From this reading The open-air life, the animals, his books, out of all of them he managed to extract a very fair daily sum of enjoyment.

tasksnounUS /tæsks/

plural of “task” — any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The open-air life, the animals, his books, out of all of them he managed to extract a very fair daily sum of enjoyment.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The open-air life, the animals, his books, out of all of them he managed to extract a very fair daily sum of enjoyment.

tyranniesnounUS /ˈtɪrəniz/

plural of “tyranny” — a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

UpadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The open-air life, the animals, his books, out of all of them he managed to extract a very fair daily sum of enjoyment.

weighedverbUS /weɪd/

past form of “weigh” — have a certain weight

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Up till now, in spite of the perennial pressure of Hannah's tyrannies, which, however, weighed much less upon him than upon Louie, he had been--as he had let Reuben see--happy enough.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading From that night forward, David looked upon the farm and all his life there with other eyes.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading And he had been content enough with his daily tasks--herding the sheep, doing the rough work of the stable and cow-house, running Aunt Hannah's errands with the donkey-cart to Clough End, helping in the haymaking and the sheep-shearing, or the driving of stock to and from the various markets Reuben frequented.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading All these things he had done with a curious placidity, a detachment and yet readiness of mind, as one who lends himself, without reluctance, to a life not his own.

Chapter 4 of The History of David Grieve by Humphry, Mrs. Ward holds 310 sentences, grouped into 62 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The History of David Grieve contain?

Chapter 4 holds 310 sentences of The History of David Grieve, unabridged, divided into 62 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The History of David Grieve by Humphry, Mrs. Ward exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 310 sentences, grouped into 62 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The History of David Grieve?

Work through the 62 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 62 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The History of David Grieve

Common questions about reading The History of David Grieve by Humphry, Mrs. Ward on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The History of David Grieve?

Yes. All 15804 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8076 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The History of David Grieve is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8076, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The History of David Grieve take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 3161 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The History of David Grieve section by section

How to work through The History of David Grieve section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The History of David Grieve to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The History of David Grieve

Words and structures a reader meets early in The History of David Grieve, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Smithy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The History of David Grieve; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
David
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The History of David Grieve; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Recovered
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The History of David Grieve; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Temper
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The History of David Grieve; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.