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The Humbugs of the World
The Humbugs of the World

Chapter XVII · The Peter Funks and Their Functions.--the Rural Divine

Chapter XVII of The Humbugs of the World, “The Peter Funks and Their Functions.--the Rural Divine,” is here in full — 136 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
AND THE WATCH.--RISE AND PROGRESS OF MOCK AUCTIONS.--THEIR DECLINE AND FALL.
Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.
He was dressed in clerical garb of black garments and white neckcloth.
He was a man of great learning, profound thought, long experience, unaffected piety, and pure and high reputation.
All at once, a kind of chattering shout smote him fair in the left ear:
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Humbugs of the World

Chapter XVII · The Peter Funks and Their Functions.--the Rural Divine

Chapter XVII of The Humbugs of the World, “The Peter Funks and Their Functions.--the Rural Divine,” is here in full — 136 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
AND THE WATCH.--RISE AND PROGRESS OF MOCK AUCTIONS.--THEIR DECLINE AND FALL.
Line 2
Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.
/nɑːt ˈmeni jɪrz əˈɡoʊ ə ˈdɪɡnəfaɪd ənd ˈrevərənd mæn huːz neɪm ɪz wel noʊn tuː miː wɑːz ˈwɔːkɪŋ sɪˈdeɪtli daʊn ˈbrɔːdweɪ/
Line 3
He was dressed in clerical garb of black garments and white neckcloth.
Line 4
He was a man of great learning, profound thought, long experience, unaffected piety, and pure and high reputation.
/hiː wɑːz ə mæn ʌv ɡreɪt ˈlɜːrnɪŋ proʊˈfaʊnd θɔːt lɔːŋ ɪkˈspɪriəns ˌʌnəˈfektɪd ˈpaɪəti ənd pjʊr ənd haɪ ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/
Line 5
All at once, a kind of chattering shout smote him fair in the left ear:

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

auctions noun US /ˈɑːkʃənz/

plural of “auction” — a variety of bridge in which tricks made in excess of the contract are scored toward game; now generally superseded by contract bridge

From this reading “AND THE WATCH.--RISE AND PROGRESS OF MOCK AUCTIONS.--THEIR DECLINE AND FALL.”

Broadway noun US /ˈbrɔːdweɪ/

a street in Manhattan that passes through Times Square; famous for its theaters

From this reading “Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.”

chattering noun US /ˈtʃætərɪŋ/

the rapid series of noises made by the parts of a machine

From this reading “All at once, a kind of chattering shout smote him fair in the left ear:”

clerical adjective US /ˈklerəkəl/

of or relating to clerks

From this reading “He was dressed in clerical garb of black garments and white neckcloth.”

garb noun US /ɡɑːrb/

clothing of a distinctive style or for a particular occasion

From this reading “He was dressed in clerical garb of black garments and white neckcloth.”

piety noun US /ˈpaɪəti/

righteousness by virtue of being pious

From this reading “He was a man of great learning, profound thought, long experience, unaffected piety, and pure and high reputation.”

sedately adverb US /sɪˈdeɪtli/

in a sedate manner

From this reading “Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.”

unaffected adjective US /ˌʌnəˈfektɪd/

undergoing no change when acted upon

From this reading “He was a man of great learning, profound thought, long experience, unaffected piety, and pure and high reputation.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

many years adjective + noun

In this reading “Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.”

at once preposition + adverb

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

In this reading “All at once, a kind of chattering shout smote him fair in the left ear:”

well known adverb + adjective

In this reading “Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.”

high reputation adjective + noun

In this reading “He was a man of great learning, profound thought, long experience, unaffected piety, and pure and high reputation.”

black garments adjective + noun counted as “black garment”

In this reading “He was dressed in clerical garb of black garments and white neckcloth.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All at once, a kind of chattering shout smote him fair in the left ear:

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading AND THE WATCH.--RISE AND PROGRESS OF MOCK AUCTIONS.--THEIR DECLINE AND FALL.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading All at once, a kind of chattering shout smote him fair in the left ear:

AUCTIONSnounUS /ˈɑːkʃənz/

plural of “auction” — a variety of bridge in which tricks made in excess of the contract are scored toward game; now generally superseded by contract bridge

From this reading AND THE WATCH.--RISE AND PROGRESS OF MOCK AUCTIONS.--THEIR DECLINE AND FALL.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading He was dressed in clerical garb of black garments and white neckcloth.

BroadwaynounUS /ˈbrɔːdweɪ/

a street in Manhattan that passes through Times Square; famous for its theaters

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

chatteringnounUS /ˈtʃætərɪŋ/

the rapid series of noises made by the parts of a machine

From this reading All at once, a kind of chattering shout smote him fair in the left ear:

clericaladjectiveUS /ˈklerəkəl/

of or relating to clerks

From this reading He was dressed in clerical garb of black garments and white neckcloth.

DECLINEverbUS /dɪˈklaɪn/

grow worse

From this reading AND THE WATCH.--RISE AND PROGRESS OF MOCK AUCTIONS.--THEIR DECLINE AND FALL.

dignifiedadjectiveUS /ˈdɪɡnəfaɪd/

having or expressing dignity; especially formality or stateliness in bearing or appearance

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading He was dressed in clerical garb of black garments and white neckcloth.

earnounUS /iːr/

the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium

From this reading All at once, a kind of chattering shout smote him fair in the left ear:

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading He was a man of great learning, profound thought, long experience, unaffected piety, and pure and high reputation.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading All at once, a kind of chattering shout smote him fair in the left ear:

FALLverbUS /fɔːl/

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading AND THE WATCH.--RISE AND PROGRESS OF MOCK AUCTIONS.--THEIR DECLINE AND FALL.

garbnounUS /ɡɑːrb/

clothing of a distinctive style or for a particular occasion

From this reading He was dressed in clerical garb of black garments and white neckcloth.

garmentsnounUS /ˈɡɑːrmənts/

plural of “garment” — an article of clothing

From this reading He was dressed in clerical garb of black garments and white neckcloth.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading He was a man of great learning, profound thought, long experience, unaffected piety, and pure and high reputation.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was dressed in clerical garb of black garments and white neckcloth.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading He was a man of great learning, profound thought, long experience, unaffected piety, and pure and high reputation.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading All at once, a kind of chattering shout smote him fair in the left ear:

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He was dressed in clerical garb of black garments and white neckcloth.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading All at once, a kind of chattering shout smote him fair in the left ear:

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

learningnounUS /ˈlɜːrnɪŋ/

the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge

From this reading He was a man of great learning, profound thought, long experience, unaffected piety, and pure and high reputation.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading All at once, a kind of chattering shout smote him fair in the left ear:

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading He was a man of great learning, profound thought, long experience, unaffected piety, and pure and high reputation.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

MOCKverbUS /mɑːk/

treat with contempt

From this reading AND THE WATCH.--RISE AND PROGRESS OF MOCK AUCTIONS.--THEIR DECLINE AND FALL.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

neckclothnoun

an ornamental white cravat

From this reading He was dressed in clerical garb of black garments and white neckcloth.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading AND THE WATCH.--RISE AND PROGRESS OF MOCK AUCTIONS.--THEIR DECLINE AND FALL.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading All at once, a kind of chattering shout smote him fair in the left ear:

pietynounUS /ˈpaɪəti/

righteousness by virtue of being pious

From this reading He was a man of great learning, profound thought, long experience, unaffected piety, and pure and high reputation.

profoundadjectiveUS /proʊˈfaʊnd/

showing intellectual penetration or emotional depth

From this reading He was a man of great learning, profound thought, long experience, unaffected piety, and pure and high reputation.

PROGRESSnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading AND THE WATCH.--RISE AND PROGRESS OF MOCK AUCTIONS.--THEIR DECLINE AND FALL.

pureadjectiveUS /pjʊr/

free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading He was a man of great learning, profound thought, long experience, unaffected piety, and pure and high reputation.

reputationnounUS /ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading He was a man of great learning, profound thought, long experience, unaffected piety, and pure and high reputation.

reverendnounUS /ˈrevərənd/

a member of the clergy and a spiritual leader of the Christian Church

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

RISEverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading AND THE WATCH.--RISE AND PROGRESS OF MOCK AUCTIONS.--THEIR DECLINE AND FALL.

sedatelyadverbUS /sɪˈdeɪtli/

in a sedate manner

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

shoutverbUS /ʃaʊt/

utter in a loud voice; talk in a loud voice (usually denoting characteristic manner of speaking)

From this reading All at once, a kind of chattering shout smote him fair in the left ear:

smote

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All at once, a kind of chattering shout smote him fair in the left ear:

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading AND THE WATCH.--RISE AND PROGRESS OF MOCK AUCTIONS.--THEIR DECLINE AND FALL.

THEIRdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading AND THE WATCH.--RISE AND PROGRESS OF MOCK AUCTIONS.--THEIR DECLINE AND FALL.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading He was a man of great learning, profound thought, long experience, unaffected piety, and pure and high reputation.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

unaffectedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnəˈfektɪd/

undergoing no change when acted upon

From this reading He was a man of great learning, profound thought, long experience, unaffected piety, and pure and high reputation.

walkingadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːkɪŋ/

close enough to be walked to

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

WATCHverbUS /wɑːtʃ/

look attentively

From this reading AND THE WATCH.--RISE AND PROGRESS OF MOCK AUCTIONS.--THEIR DECLINE AND FALL.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading He was dressed in clerical garb of black garments and white neckcloth.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Not many years ago, a dignified and reverend man, whose name is well known to me, was walking sedately down Broadway.

Chapter 17 of The Humbugs of the World by P. T. (Phineas Taylor) Barnum holds 136 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of The Humbugs of the World contain?

Chapter 17 holds 136 sentences of The Humbugs of the World, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of The Humbugs of the World by P. T. (Phineas Taylor) Barnum exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 136 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of The Humbugs of the World?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Humbugs of the World

Common questions about reading The Humbugs of the World by P. T. (Phineas Taylor) Barnum on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Humbugs of the World?

Yes. All 4632 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #26640 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Humbugs of the World is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #26640, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Humbugs of the World take to read?

About 386 minutes of reading across 927 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Humbugs of the World section by section

How to work through The Humbugs of the World section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Humbugs of the World

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Humbugs of the World, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Humbugs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Humbugs of the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Humbugs of the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Account
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Humbugs of the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Delusions
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Humbugs of the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.