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The Humbugs of the World
The Humbugs of the World

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of The Humbugs of the World is here in full — 91 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
JOHN BULL'S GREAT MONEY HUMBUG.--THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE IN 1720.
The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.
It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."
The history of the South Sea Bubble has been told, before, but it is too prominent a case to be entirely passed over.
It occupied a period of about eight months, from February 1, 1720, to the end of the following September.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Humbugs of the World

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of The Humbugs of the World is here in full — 91 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
JOHN BULL'S GREAT MONEY HUMBUG.--THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE IN 1720.
Line 2
The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.
Line 3
It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."
/ɪt ɔːt ˈɔːlsoʊ tuː biː ə ˈjuːsfəl ˈwɔːrnɪŋ ʌv ðə ˈfɑːli ʌv mɪr ˌspekjəˈleɪʃən æz kəmˈperd wɪð riːl ˈbɪznəs ˈʌndərteɪkɪŋz/
Line 4
The history of the South Sea Bubble has been told, before, but it is too prominent a case to be entirely passed over.
/ðə ˈhɪstəri ʌv ðə saʊθ siː ˈbʌbəl hæz bɪn toʊld bɪˈfɔːr bʌt ɪt ɪz tuː ˈprɑːmənənt ə keɪs tuː biː ɪnˈtaɪərli pæst ˈoʊvər/
Line 5
It occupied a period of about eight months, from February 1, 1720, to the end of the following September.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bubble verb US /ˈbʌbəl/

form, produce, or emit bubbles

From this reading “JOHN BULL'S GREAT MONEY HUMBUG.--THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE IN 1720.”

bull's noun US /bʊlz/

possessive form of “bull” — uncastrated adult male of domestic cattle

From this reading “JOHN BULL'S GREAT MONEY HUMBUG.--THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE IN 1720.”

crammed verb US /kræmd/

inflected form of “cram” — crowd or pack to capacity

From this reading “The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.”

February noun US /ˈfebjəweri/

the month following January and preceding March

From this reading “It occupied a period of about eight months, from February 1, 1720, to the end of the following September.”

humbug noun US /ˈhʌmbʌɡ/

pretentious or silly talk or writing

From this reading “JOHN BULL'S GREAT MONEY HUMBUG.--THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE IN 1720.”

prominent adjective US /ˈprɑːmənənt/

having a quality that thrusts itself into attention

From this reading “The history of the South Sea Bubble has been told, before, but it is too prominent a case to be entirely passed over.”

speculation noun US /ˌspekjəˈleɪʃən/

a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence

From this reading “It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."”

undertakings noun US /ˈʌndərteɪkɪŋz/

plural of “undertaking” — any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading “It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

human nature adjective + noun

the shared psychological attributes of humankind that are assumed to be shared by all human beings

In this reading “The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.”

eight months adjective + noun counted as “eight month”

In this reading “It occupied a period of about eight months, from February 1, 1720, to the end of the following September.”

compared with verb + particle counted as “compare with”

In this reading “It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."”

most startling adverb + adjective

In this reading “The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.”

passed over verb + particle counted as “pass over”

bypass

In this reading “The history of the South Sea Bubble has been told, before, but it is too prominent a case to be entirely passed over.”

ease with verb + particle

In this reading “The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It occupied a period of about eight months, from February 1, 1720, to the end of the following September.

1720

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JOHN BULL'S GREAT MONEY HUMBUG.--THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE IN 1720.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading It occupied a period of about eight months, from February 1, 1720, to the end of the following September.

absurdadjectiveUS /əbˈsɜːrd/

inconsistent with reason or logic or common sense

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The history of the South Sea Bubble has been told, before, but it is too prominent a case to be entirely passed over.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The history of the South Sea Bubble has been told, before, but it is too prominent a case to be entirely passed over.

BUBBLEverbUS /ˈbʌbəl/

form, produce, or emit bubbles

From this reading JOHN BULL'S GREAT MONEY HUMBUG.--THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE IN 1720.

BULL'SnounUS /bʊlz/

possessive form of “bull” — uncastrated adult male of domestic cattle

From this reading JOHN BULL'S GREAT MONEY HUMBUG.--THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE IN 1720.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The history of the South Sea Bubble has been told, before, but it is too prominent a case to be entirely passed over.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading The history of the South Sea Bubble has been told, before, but it is too prominent a case to be entirely passed over.

comparedverbUS /kəmˈperd/

past form of “compare” — examine and note the similarities or differences of

From this reading It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."

crammedverbUS /kræmd/

inflected form of “cram” — crowd or pack to capacity

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

easeverbUS /iːz/

move gently or carefully

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading It occupied a period of about eight months, from February 1, 1720, to the end of the following September.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading It occupied a period of about eight months, from February 1, 1720, to the end of the following September.

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading The history of the South Sea Bubble has been told, before, but it is too prominent a case to be entirely passed over.

FebruarynounUS /ˈfebjəweri/

the month following January and preceding March

From this reading It occupied a period of about eight months, from February 1, 1720, to the end of the following September.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading It occupied a period of about eight months, from February 1, 1720, to the end of the following September.

follynounUS /ˈfɑːli/

the trait of acting stupidly or rashly

From this reading It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It occupied a period of about eight months, from February 1, 1720, to the end of the following September.

givesnounUS /ɡɪvz/

plural of “give” — the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

GREATadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading JOHN BULL'S GREAT MONEY HUMBUG.--THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE IN 1720.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The history of the South Sea Bubble has been told, before, but it is too prominent a case to be entirely passed over.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

HUMBUGnounUS /ˈhʌmbʌɡ/

pretentious or silly talk or writing

From this reading JOHN BULL'S GREAT MONEY HUMBUG.--THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE IN 1720.

humbugs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading JOHN BULL'S GREAT MONEY HUMBUG.--THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE IN 1720.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."

JOHNnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading JOHN BULL'S GREAT MONEY HUMBUG.--THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE IN 1720.

lessonsnounUS /ˈlesənz/

plural of “lesson” — a unit of instruction

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."

MONEYnounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading JOHN BULL'S GREAT MONEY HUMBUG.--THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE IN 1720.

monstrousadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːnstrəs/

abnormally large

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading It occupied a period of about eight months, from February 1, 1720, to the end of the following September.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

occupiedadjectiveUS /ˈɑːkjəpaɪd/

held or filled or in use

From this reading It occupied a period of about eight months, from February 1, 1720, to the end of the following September.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The history of the South Sea Bubble has been told, before, but it is too prominent a case to be entirely passed over.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading The history of the South Sea Bubble has been told, before, but it is too prominent a case to be entirely passed over.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading It occupied a period of about eight months, from February 1, 1720, to the end of the following September.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

prominentadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːmənənt/

having a quality that thrusts itself into attention

From this reading The history of the South Sea Bubble has been told, before, but it is too prominent a case to be entirely passed over.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."

SEAnounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading JOHN BULL'S GREAT MONEY HUMBUG.--THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE IN 1720.

SeptembernounUS /sepˈtembər/

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading It occupied a period of about eight months, from February 1, 1720, to the end of the following September.

SOUTHnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading JOHN BULL'S GREAT MONEY HUMBUG.--THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE IN 1720.

speculationnounUS /ˌspekjəˈleɪʃən/

a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence

From this reading It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."

startlingadjectiveUS /ˈstɑːrtlɪŋ/

so remarkably different or sudden as to cause momentary shock or alarm

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading JOHN BULL'S GREAT MONEY HUMBUG.--THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE IN 1720.

throatnounUS /θroʊt/

The passage at the back of the mouth.

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading The history of the South Sea Bubble has been told, before, but it is too prominent a case to be entirely passed over.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading The history of the South Sea Bubble has been told, before, but it is too prominent a case to be entirely passed over.

undertakingsnounUS /ˈʌndərteɪkɪŋz/

plural of “undertaking” — any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

usefuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːsfəl/

being of use or service

From this reading It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."

warningnounUS /ˈwɔːrnɪŋ/

a message informing of danger

From this reading It ought also to be a useful warning of the folly of mere "speculation," as compared with real "business undertakings."

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

wickedadjectiveUS /ˈwɪkəd/

morally bad in principle or practice

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The "South Sea Bubble" is one of the most startling lessons which history gives us of the ease with which the most monstrous, and absurd, and wicked humbugs can be crammed down the throat of poor human nature.

Chapter 22 of The Humbugs of the World by P. T. (Phineas Taylor) Barnum holds 91 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 22 of The Humbugs of the World contain?

Chapter 22 holds 91 sentences of The Humbugs of the World, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 22 of The Humbugs of the World by P. T. (Phineas Taylor) Barnum exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 91 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 22 of The Humbugs of the World?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 22 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 22 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Humbugs of the World

Common questions about reading The Humbugs of the World by P. T. (Phineas Taylor) Barnum on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Humbugs of the World?

Yes. All 4632 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #26640 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Humbugs of the World is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #26640, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Humbugs of the World take to read?

About 386 minutes of reading across 927 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Humbugs of the World section by section

How to work through The Humbugs of the World section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Humbugs of the World

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Humbugs of the World, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Humbugs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Humbugs of the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Humbugs of the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Account
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Humbugs of the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Delusions
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Humbugs of the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.