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The Humbugs of the World
The Humbugs of the World

Chapter XL

Chapter 40 of The Humbugs of the World is here in full — 295 sentences across 59 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/59 · 5 lines
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APOLLONIUS OF TYANA.
The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.
One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.
His arrival upon this planet was attended with some very amazing demonstrations.
With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Humbugs of the World

Chapter XL

Chapter 40 of The Humbugs of the World is here in full — 295 sentences across 59 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/59 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
APOLLONIUS OF TYANA.
Line 2
The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.
/ðə ˈænəlz ʌv ˈeɪn.ʃənt ˈhɪstəri ɑːr pɪˈkjuːljərli rɪtʃ ɪn ˈnærətɪvz ʌv priˈtenʃən ənd ˌɪmpəˈzɪʃən ənd ˈiːðər ˈoʊɪŋ tuː ðə ˈɡreɪtər ˈɪɡnərəns ənd krɪˈduːləti ʌv ˈmænˈkaɪnd ɔːr ðə suːˈpɪriər skɪl ʌv ˈɡɪftəd bʌt ənˈskruːpjələs men ɪn ðoʊz deɪz ˈprezənt ə fjuː ɪɡˈzæmpəlz ðæt ˈiːvɪn sərˈpæs ðə moʊst rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl ˈprɑːdəkts ʌv ðə ˈmɑːdərn ˈsaɪəns ʌv ˈhʌmbʌɡ/
Line 3
One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.
Line 4
His arrival upon this planet was attended with some very amazing demonstrations.
/hɪz ərˈaɪvəl əˈpɑːn ðɪs ˈplænət wɑːz əˈtendɪd wɪð sʌm ˈveri əˈmeɪzɪŋ ˌdemənˈstreɪʃənz/
Line 5
With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

birthplace noun US /ˈbɜːrθpleɪs/

the place where someone was born

From this reading “One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.”

charlatan noun US /ˈʃɑːrlətən/

a flamboyant deceiver; one who attracts customers with tricks or jokes

From this reading “One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.”

chroniclers noun US /ˈkrɑːnɪklərz/

plural of “chronicler” — someone who writes chronicles

From this reading “With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.”

crowed verb US /kroʊd/

past form of “crow” — dwell on with satisfaction

From this reading “With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.”

imposition noun US /ˌɪmpəˈzɪʃən/

the act of imposing something (as a tax or an embargo)

From this reading “The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.”

narratives noun US /ˈnærətɪvz/

plural of “narrative” — a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading “The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.”

pretension noun US /priˈtenʃən/

a false or unsupportable quality

From this reading “The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.”

roosters noun US /ˈruːstərz/

plural of “rooster” — adult male chicken

From this reading “With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

modern science adjective + noun

In this reading “The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.”

ancient history adjective + noun

a history of the ancient world

In this reading “The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.”

most remarkable adverb + adjective

In this reading “The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.”

four years noun + noun

In this reading “One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.”

most surprising adverb + adjective

In this reading “One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.”

half centuries adjective + noun counted as “half century”

In this reading “One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.”

about four preposition + noun

In this reading “One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.”

of mankind preposition + noun

In this reading “The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.”

All words in this reading · 129

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

absolutelyadverbUS /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

adjacentadjectiveUS /əˈdʒeɪsənt/

nearest in space or position; immediately adjoining without intervening space

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

amazingadjectiveUS /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/

surprising greatly

From this reading His arrival upon this planet was attended with some very amazing demonstrations.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

annalsnounUS /ˈænəlz/

reports of the work of a society or learned body etc

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

APOLLONIUS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading APOLLONIUS OF TYANA.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

arrivalnounUS /ərˈaɪvəl/

accomplishment of an objective

From this reading His arrival upon this planet was attended with some very amazing demonstrations.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

AsianounUS /ˈeɪʒə/

the largest continent with 60% of the earth's population; it is joined to Europe on the west to form Eurasia; it is the site of some of the world's earliest civilizations

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

attendedadjectiveUS /əˈtendɪd/

playing or singing with instrumental or vocal accompaniment

From this reading His arrival upon this planet was attended with some very amazing demonstrations.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

birthplacenounUS /ˈbɜːrθpleɪs/

the place where someone was born

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

Cappadocianoun

an ancient country is eastern Asia Minor

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

catsnounUS /kæts/

plural of “cat” — feline mammal usually having thick soft fur and no ability to roar: domestic cats; wildcats

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

centuriesnounUS /ˈsentʃəriz/

plural of “century” — a period of 100 years

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

charlatannounUS /ˈʃɑːrlətən/

a flamboyant deceiver; one who attracts customers with tricks or jokes

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

ChristnounUS /kraɪst/

a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

chroniclersnounUS /ˈkrɑːnɪklərz/

plural of “chronicler” — someone who writes chronicles

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

clappedverbUS /klæpt/

inflected form of “clap” — put quickly or forcibly

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

clatternounUS /ˈklætər/

a rattling noise (often produced by rapid movement)

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

consequentlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəntli/

(sentence connectors) because of the reason given

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

credulitynounUS /krɪˈduːləti/

tendency to believe readily

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

crowedverbUS /kroʊd/

past form of “crow” — dwell on with satisfaction

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

cryverbUS /kraɪ/

utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

dartedverbUS /ˈdɑːrtɪd/

past form of “dart” — move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

demonstrationsnounUS /ˌdemənˈstreɪʃənz/

plural of “demonstration” — a show or display; the act of presenting something to sight or view

From this reading His arrival upon this planet was attended with some very amazing demonstrations.

determineverbUS /dəˈtɜːrmən/

establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

dogsnounUS /dɑːɡz/

plural of “dog” — a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

earlieradverbUS /ˈɜːrliər/

earlier in time; previously

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

eighteenadjectiveUS /eɪˈtiːn/

being one more than seventeen

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

examplesnounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəlz/

plural of “example” — an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

flashverbUS /flæʃ/

gleam or glow intermittently

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

flocksnounUS /flɑːks/

plural of “flock” — a church congregation guided by a pastor

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

geesenounUS /ɡiːs/

plural of “goose” — web-footed long-necked typically gregarious migratory aquatic birds usually larger and less aquatic than ducks

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

giftedadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪftəd/

endowed with talent or talents

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

heavensnounUS /ˈhevənz/

the apparent surface of the imaginary sphere on which celestial bodies appear to be projected

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

howledverbUS /haʊld/

past form of “howl” — emit long loud cries

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

humbugnounUS /ˈhʌmbʌɡ/

pretentious or silly talk or writing

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

ignorancenounUS /ˈɪɡnərəns/

the lack of knowledge or education

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

impositionnounUS /ˌɪmpəˈzɪʃən/

the act of imposing something (as a tax or an embargo)

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

impostornounUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːstər/

a person who makes deceitful pretenses

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

instancesnounUS /ˈɪnstənsəz/

plural of “instance” — an occurrence of something

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

lightningnounUS /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/

abrupt electric discharge from cloud to cloud or from cloud to earth accompanied by the emission of light

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

mankindnounUS /ˈmænˈkaɪnd/

all of the living human inhabitants of the earth

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

meadowsnounUS /ˈmedoʊz/

plural of “meadow” — a field where grass or alfalfa are grown to be made into hay

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

mewed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

MinoradjectiveUS /ˈmaɪnər/

of lesser importance or stature or rank

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

narrativesnounUS /ˈnærətɪvz/

plural of “narrative” — a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading APOLLONIUS OF TYANA.

oldenadjectiveUS /ˈoʊldən/

relating to time long past

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

owingadjectiveUS /ˈoʊɪŋ/

owed as a debt

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

peculiarlyadverbUS /pɪˈkjuːljərli/

uniquely or characteristically

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

planetnounUS /ˈplænət/

(astronomy) any of the nine large celestial bodies in the solar system that revolve around the sun and shine by reflected light

From this reading His arrival upon this planet was attended with some very amazing demonstrations.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

pretensionnounUS /priˈtenʃən/

a false or unsupportable quality

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

productsnounUS /ˈprɑːdəkts/

plural of “product” — commodities offered for sale

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

remarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

roostersnounUS /ˈruːstərz/

plural of “rooster” — adult male chicken

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

sagenounUS /seɪdʒ/

a mentor in spiritual and philosophical topics who is renowned for profound wisdom

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

sciencenounUS /ˈsaɪəns/

a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

skillnounUS /skɪl/

an ability that has been acquired by training

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading His arrival upon this planet was attended with some very amazing demonstrations.

superioradjectiveUS /suːˈpɪriər/

of high or superior quality or performance

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

supernaturalnounUS /ˌsuːpərˈnætʃərəl/

supernatural forces and events and beings collectively

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

surpassverbUS /sərˈpæs/

distinguish oneself

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

surprisingadjectiveUS /sərˈpraɪzɪŋ/

causing surprise or wonder or amazement

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

swansnounUS /swɑːnz/

plural of “swan” — stately heavy-bodied aquatic bird with very long neck and usually white plumage as adult

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading His arrival upon this planet was attended with some very amazing demonstrations.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

TYANA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading APOLLONIUS OF TYANA.

Tyanaeus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

unscrupulousadjectiveUS /ənˈskruːpjələs/

without scruples or principles

From this reading The annals of ancient history are peculiarly rich in narratives of pretension and imposition, and either owing to the greater ignorance and credulity of mankind, or the superior skill of gifted but unscrupulous men in those days, present a few examples that even surpass the most remarkable products of the modern science of humbug.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading His arrival upon this planet was attended with some very amazing demonstrations.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading His arrival upon this planet was attended with some very amazing demonstrations.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

wingsnounUS /wɪŋz/

a means of flight or ascent

From this reading With his first cry, a flash of lightning darted from the heavens to the earth and back again, dogs howled, cats mewed, roosters crowed, and flocks of swans, so say the olden chroniclers--probably geese, every one of them--clapped their wings in the adjacent meadows with a supernatural clatter.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading His arrival upon this planet was attended with some very amazing demonstrations.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading One of their most surprising instances--in fact, perhaps, absolutely the leading impostor--was the sage or charlatan (for it is difficult to determine which) known as Apollonius Tyanaeus so called from Tyana, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor, his birthplace, where he first saw the light about four years earlier than Christ, and consequently more than eighteen and a half centuries ago.

Chapter 40 of The Humbugs of the World by P. T. (Phineas Taylor) Barnum holds 295 sentences, grouped into 59 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 40 of The Humbugs of the World contain?

Chapter 40 holds 295 sentences of The Humbugs of the World, unabridged, divided into 59 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 40 of The Humbugs of the World by P. T. (Phineas Taylor) Barnum exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 295 sentences, grouped into 59 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 40 of The Humbugs of the World?

Work through the 59 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 59 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 40 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 40 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Humbugs of the World

Common questions about reading The Humbugs of the World by P. T. (Phineas Taylor) Barnum on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Humbugs of the World?

Yes. All 4632 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #26640 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Humbugs of the World is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #26640, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Humbugs of the World take to read?

About 386 minutes of reading across 927 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Humbugs of the World section by section

How to work through The Humbugs of the World section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Humbugs of the World to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Humbugs of the World

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Humbugs of the World, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Humbugs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Humbugs of the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Humbugs of the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Account
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Humbugs of the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Delusions
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Humbugs of the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.