Chapter II

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Guns, with their carriages, every kind of cart, besides men and animals, go safely across deep and broad rivers.

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

plural of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Guns, with their carriages, every kind of cart, besides men and animals, go safely across deep and broad rivers.

past form of “answer” — react verbally

From this reading They certainly answered the purposes for which they were used exceedingly well.

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

surprising greatly

From this reading It is astonishing what weights these round boats will carry when they are new and well made.

the hard woody stems of bamboo plants; used in construction and crafts and fishing poles

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

in addition to; as well as

From this reading Guns, with their carriages, every kind of cart, besides men and animals, go safely across deep and broad rivers.

plural of “boat” — a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading Guns, with their carriages, every kind of cart, besides men and animals, go safely across deep and broad rivers.

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

young bull

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

plural of “carriage” — a railcar where passengers ride

From this reading Guns, with their carriages, every kind of cart, besides men and animals, go safely across deep and broad rivers.

move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading It is astonishing what weights these round boats will carry when they are new and well made.

a heavy open wagon usually having two wheels and drawn by an animal

From this reading Guns, with their carriages, every kind of cart, besides men and animals, go safely across deep and broad rivers.

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading They certainly answered the purposes for which they were used exceedingly well.

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading Guns, with their carriages, every kind of cart, besides men and animals, go safely across deep and broad rivers.

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Guns, with their carriages, every kind of cart, besides men and animals, go safely across deep and broad rivers.

to an extreme degree

From this reading They certainly answered the purposes for which they were used exceedingly well.

on or from the outside

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

firmly closed or secured

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They certainly answered the purposes for which they were used exceedingly well.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Guns, with their carriages, every kind of cart, besides men and animals, go safely across deep and broad rivers.

plural of “gun” — a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading Guns, with their carriages, every kind of cart, besides men and animals, go safely across deep and broad rivers.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

the ancient Greek known as the father of history; his accounts of the wars between the Greeks and Persians are the first known examples of historical writing (485-425 BC)

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

plural of “hide” — the dressed skin of an animal (especially a large animal)

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

a republic in the Asian subcontinent in southern Asia; second most populous country in the world; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is astonishing what weights these round boats will carry when they are new and well made.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is astonishing what weights these round boats will carry when they are new and well made.

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading Guns, with their carriages, every kind of cart, besides men and animals, go safely across deep and broad rivers.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

march in a procession

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

plural of “mat” — a thick flat pad used as a floor covering

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

the force of workers available

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

slightly wet

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading It is astonishing what weights these round boats will carry when they are new and well made.

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

above and across; more than

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

plural of “piece” — a separate part of a whole

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

plural of “purpose” — an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading They certainly answered the purposes for which they were used exceedingly well.

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

subject to rigid discipline, order, and systematization

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

plural of “river” — a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

with safety; in a safe manner

From this reading Guns, with their carriages, every kind of cart, besides men and animals, go safely across deep and broad rivers.

in a secure manner; in a manner free from danger

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

perception by means of the eyes

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

fastened with stitches

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

separate into parts or portions

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

(of muscles) relieved of stiffness by stretching

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Guns, with their carriages, every kind of cart, besides men and animals, go safely across deep and broad rivers.

in or at that place or location

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading It is astonishing what weights these round boats will carry when they are new and well made.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They certainly answered the purposes for which they were used exceedingly well.

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

plural of “weight” — the vertical force exerted by a mass as a result of gravity

From this reading It is astonishing what weights these round boats will carry when they are new and well made.

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading They certainly answered the purposes for which they were used exceedingly well.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

used to ask for information about something

From this reading It is astonishing what weights these round boats will carry when they are new and well made.

at the time that

From this reading It is astonishing what weights these round boats will carry when they are new and well made.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The next march brought the regiment to the banks of the Kistnah, one of the large rivers of India; there the officers and men had an opportunity of seeing those round boats which we read of in Herodotus, and which we are told were used in the days of Semiramis.

an old and formal word for “while”

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading It is astonishing what weights these round boats will carry when they are new and well made.

in the company of; together with

From this reading They are made of pieces of split bamboo and bamboo mats, and externally they are covered with bullock hides sewed together and stretched whilst moist over the bamboo frame-work, to which they are securely fastened.