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The humour of Russia
The humour of Russia

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of The humour of Russia is here in full — 338 sentences across 68 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/67 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?
All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!
Why in the world did the Eagle pardon the mouse and not the mouse the Eagle?
Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.
There certainly was something askew about the whole business.
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/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The humour of Russia

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of The humour of Russia is here in full — 338 sentences across 68 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/67 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?
/wʌn deɪ ðoʊ ðə aɪˈdiːə əˈkɜːrd tuː miː wʌt dɪd ðə ˈiːɡəl ˈpɑːrdən ɪn ðə maʊs/
Line 2
All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!
/ɔːl ðæt ðə maʊs hæd dʌn wɑːz tuː rʌn əˈkrɔːs ðə roʊd ɑːn ɪts oʊn ˈpraɪvət ˈbɪznəs ənd ðə ˈiːɡəl sɔː ɪt swuːpt skwiːzd ɪt hæf tuː deθ ənd ˈpɑːrdənd ɪt/
Line 3
Why in the world did the Eagle pardon the mouse and not the mouse the Eagle?
/waɪ ɪn ðə wɜːrld dɪd ðə ˈiːɡəl ˈpɑːrdən ðə maʊs ənd nɑːt ðə maʊs ðə ˈiːɡəl/
Line 4
Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.
/wel aɪ bɪˈɡæn tuː lʊk əˈbaʊt miː ənd teɪk ˈnoʊtəs ʌv θɪŋz ənd ðə mɔːr aɪ sɔː ðə mɔːr ˈmʌdəld aɪ ɡɑːt/
Line 5
There certainly was something askew about the whole business.
/ðer ˈsɜːrtənli wɑːz ˈsʌmθɪŋ əsˈkjuː əˈbaʊt ðə hoʊl ˈbɪznəs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

askew adjective US /əsˈkjuː/

turned or twisted toward one side

From this reading “There certainly was something askew about the whole business.”

Eagle noun US /ˈiːɡəl/

any of various large keen-sighted diurnal birds of prey noted for their broad wings and strong soaring flight

From this reading “One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?”

mouse noun US /maʊs/

any of numerous small rodents typically resembling diminutive rats having pointed snouts and small ears on elongated bodies with slender usually hairless tails

From this reading “One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?”

muddled adjective US /ˈmʌdəld/

confused and vague; used especially of thinking

From this reading “Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.”

pardon verb US /ˈpɑːrdən/

accept an excuse for

From this reading “One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?”

pardoned verb US /ˈpɑːrdənd/

past form of “pardon” — accept an excuse for

From this reading “All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!”

squeezed verb US /skwiːzd/

past form of “squeeze” — to compress with violence, out of natural shape or condition

From this reading “All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!”

swooped verb US /swuːpt/

past form of “swoop” — move down on as if in an attack

From this reading “All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

across the road preposition + article + noun counted as “across … road”

In this reading “All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!”

run across verb + particle

come together

In this reading “All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!”

private business adjective + noun

In this reading “All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!”

whole business adjective + noun

In this reading “There certainly was something askew about the whole business.”

own private verb + adjective

In this reading “All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!”

take notice verb + noun

observe with special attention

In this reading “Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.”

in the world preposition + article + noun counted as “in … world”

In this reading “Why in the world did the Eagle pardon the mouse and not the mouse the Eagle?”

look about verb + particle

In this reading “Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.”

All words in this reading · 55

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

askewadjectiveUS /əsˈkjuː/

turned or twisted toward one side

From this reading There certainly was something askew about the whole business.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading There certainly was something askew about the whole business.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

EaglenounUS /ˈiːɡəl/

any of various large keen-sighted diurnal birds of prey noted for their broad wings and strong soaring flight

From this reading One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.

mousenounUS /maʊs/

any of numerous small rodents typically resembling diminutive rats having pointed snouts and small ears on elongated bodies with slender usually hairless tails

From this reading One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?

muddledadjectiveUS /ˈmʌdəld/

confused and vague; used especially of thinking

From this reading Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Why in the world did the Eagle pardon the mouse and not the mouse the Eagle?

noticenounUS /ˈnoʊtəs/

an announcement containing information about an event

From this reading Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.

occurredverbUS /əˈkɜːrd/

inflected form of “occur” — come to pass

From this reading One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

pardonverbUS /ˈpɑːrdən/

accept an excuse for

From this reading One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?

pardonedverbUS /ˈpɑːrdənd/

past form of “pardon” — accept an excuse for

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading There certainly was something askew about the whole business.

squeezedverbUS /skwiːzd/

past form of “squeeze” — to compress with violence, out of natural shape or condition

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

swoopedverbUS /swuːpt/

past form of “swoop” — move down on as if in an attack

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There certainly was something askew about the whole business.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading All that the mouse had done was to run across the road on its own private business; and the Eagle saw it, swooped, squeezed it half to death, and ... pardoned it!

WelladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Well, I began to look about me and take notice of things; and the more I saw, the more muddled I got.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading One day, though, the idea occurred to me: What did the Eagle “pardon” in the mouse?

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading There certainly was something askew about the whole business.

WhynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading Why in the world did the Eagle pardon the mouse and not the mouse the Eagle?

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Why in the world did the Eagle pardon the mouse and not the mouse the Eagle?

Chapter 19 of The humour of Russia by E. L. (Ethel Lillian) [Translator] Voynich holds 338 sentences, grouped into 68 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of The humour of Russia contain?

Chapter 19 holds 338 sentences of The humour of Russia, unabridged, divided into 68 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of The humour of Russia by E. L. (Ethel Lillian) [Translator] Voynich exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 338 sentences, grouped into 68 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of The humour of Russia?

Work through the 68 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 68 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The humour of Russia

Common questions about reading The humour of Russia by E. L. (Ethel Lillian) [Translator] Voynich on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The humour of Russia?

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Which edition of The humour of Russia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in The humour of Russia

Words and structures a reader meets early in The humour of Russia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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