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The Idiot
The Idiot

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Idiot is here in full — 3718 sentences across 744 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/743 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I.
A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.
There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into reliefin other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.
These are they who are generally known as commonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.
Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Idiot

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Idiot is here in full — 3718 sentences across 744 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/743 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I.
/aɪ/
Line 2
A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.
Line 3
There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into reliefin other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.
Line 4
These are they who are generally known ascommonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.
/ðiːz ɑːr ðeɪ huː ɑːr ˈdʒenərəli noʊn æz ˈkɑːmənpleɪs ˈpiːpəl ənd ðɪs klæs kəmˈpraɪzəz ʌv kɔːrs ðə ˌɪˈmens məˈdʒɔːrəti ʌv ˈmænˈkaɪnd/
Line 5
Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.
/ˈɔːθərz æz ə ruːl əˈtempt tuː səˈlekt ənd pɔːrˈtreɪ taɪps ˈrerli met wɪð ɪn ðer ɪnˈtaɪərti bʌt ðiːz taɪps ɑːr ˌnevərðəˈles mɔːr riːl ðæn riːl laɪf ˌɪtˈself/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

characteristics noun US /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪks/

plural of “characteristic” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading “There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.”

comprises verb US /kəmˈpraɪzəz/

third-person singular of “comprise” — be composed of

From this reading “These are they who are generally known as “commonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.”

entirety noun US /ɪnˈtaɪərti/

the state of being total and complete

From this reading “Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.”

graphically adverb US /ˈɡræfɪkli/

in a diagrammatic manner

From this reading “There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.”

portray verb US /pɔːrˈtreɪ/

portray in words

From this reading “Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.”

rendezvous noun US /ˈrɑːndɪvuː/

a meeting planned at a certain time and place

From this reading “A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.”

types noun US /taɪps/

plural of “type” — a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading “Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.”

typical adjective US /ˈtɪpəkəl/

exhibiting the qualities or characteristics that identify a group or kind or category

From this reading “There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading These are they who are generally known as “commonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

Ardalionovna

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading These are they who are generally known as “commonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

AuthorsnounUS /ˈɔːθərz/

plural of “author” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

benchnounUS /bentʃ/

a long seat for more than one person

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

characteristicsnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪks/

plural of “characteristic” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

classnounUS /klæs/

a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading These are they who are generally known as “commonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.

commonplaceadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmənpleɪs/

completely ordinary and unremarkable

From this reading These are they who are generally known as “commonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.

comprisesverbUS /kəmˈpraɪzəz/

third-person singular of “comprise” — be composed of

From this reading These are they who are generally known as “commonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading These are they who are generally known as “commonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.

depressionnounUS /dɪˈpreʃən/

a mental state characterized by a pessimistic sense of inadequacy and a despondent lack of activity

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

describeverbUS /dɪˈskraɪb/

give a description of

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

elapsedadjectiveUS /ɪˈlæpst/

(of time) having passed or slipped by

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

entiretynounUS /ɪnˈtaɪərti/

the state of being total and complete

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading These are they who are generally known as “commonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.

graphicallyadverbUS /ˈɡræfɪkli/

in a diagrammatic manner

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

half-past

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I.

immenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmens/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading These are they who are generally known as “commonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading These are they who are generally known as “commonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

majoritynounUS /məˈdʒɔːrəti/

the property resulting from being or relating to the greater in number of two parts; the main part

From this reading These are they who are generally known as “commonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.

mankindnounUS /ˈmænˈkaɪnd/

all of the living human inhabitants of the earth

From this reading These are they who are generally known as “commonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.

mentaladjectiveUS /ˈmentəl/

involving the mind or an intellectual process

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

neverthelessadverbUS /ˌnevərðəˈles/

in spite of what has just been said

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

o'clockadverbUS /əˈklɑːk/

according to the clock

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

otherwiseadverbUS /ˈʌðərwaɪz/

in other respects or ways

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

parknounUS /pɑːrk/

a large area of land preserved in its natural state as public property

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

portrayverbUS /pɔːrˈtreɪ/

portray in words

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

Ptitsin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

rarelyadverbUS /ˈrerli/

not often

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

reliefnounUS /rɪˈliːf/

the feeling that comes when something burdensome is removed or reduced

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

rendezvousnounUS /ˈrɑːndɪvuː/

a meeting planned at a certain time and place

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

selectadjectiveUS /səˈlekt/

of superior grade

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These are they who are generally known as “commonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading These are they who are generally known as “commonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading These are they who are generally known as “commonplace people,” and this class comprises, of course, the immense majority of mankind.

throwverbUS /θroʊ/

propel through the air

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

typesnounUS /taɪps/

plural of “type” — a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

typicaladjectiveUS /ˈtɪpəkəl/

exhibiting the qualities or characteristics that identify a group or kind or category

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

Varvara

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading A week had elapsed since the rendezvous of our two friends on the green bench in the park, when, one fine morning at about half-past ten o’clock, Varvara Ardalionovna, otherwise Mrs. Ptitsin, who had been out to visit a friend, returned home in a state of considerable mental depression.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Authors, as a rule, attempt to select and portray types rarely met with in their entirety, but these types are nevertheless more real than real life itself.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading There are certain people of whom it is difficult to say anything which will at once throw them into relief—in other words, describe them graphically in their typical characteristics.

Chapter 4 of The Idiot by Fyodor Dostoyevsky holds 3718 sentences, grouped into 744 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Idiot contain?

Chapter 4 holds 3718 sentences of The Idiot, unabridged, divided into 744 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Idiot by Fyodor Dostoyevsky exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 3718 sentences, grouped into 744 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Idiot?

Work through the 744 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 744 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Idiot

Common questions about reading The Idiot by Fyodor Dostoyevsky on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Idiot?

Yes. All 15011 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2638 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Idiot is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2638, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Idiot take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 3003 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Idiot section by section

How to work through The Idiot section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of The Idiot to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Idiot

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Idiot, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Towards
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Idiot; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
November
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Idiot; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
During
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Idiot; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Clock
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Idiot; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.