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The Imaginary Marriage
The Imaginary Marriage

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of The Imaginary Marriage is here in full — 113 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.
Buddesby claimed to be nothing more than a farmhouse of a rather exalted type.
For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.
Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.
John, his son, had turned his back on intensive culture and had gone back to the old family failing of hops.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Imaginary Marriage

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of The Imaginary Marriage is here in full — 113 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.
Line 2
Buddesby claimed to be nothing more than a farmhouse of a rather exalted type.
Line 3
For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.
Line 4
Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.
Line 5
John, his son, had turned his back on intensive culture and had gone back to the old family failing of hops.
/dʒɑːn hɪz sʌn hæd tɜːrnd hɪz bæk ɑːn ˌɪnˈtensɪv ˈkʌltʃər ənd hæd ɡɔːn bæk tuː ðə oʊld ˈfæməli ˈfeɪlɪŋ ʌv hɑːps/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

farmers noun US /ˈfɑːrmərz/

plural of “farmer” — a person who operates a farm

From this reading “For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.”

farmhouse noun US /ˈfɑːrmhaʊs/

house for a farmer and family

From this reading “Buddesby claimed to be nothing more than a farmhouse of a rather exalted type.”

farming noun US /ˈfɑːrmɪŋ/

the practice of cultivating the land or raising stock

From this reading “For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.”

gardening noun US /ˈɡɑːrdənɪŋ/

the cultivation of plants

From this reading “Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.”

hops noun US /hɑːps/

twining perennials having cordate leaves and flowers arranged in conelike spikes; the dried flowers of this plant are used in brewing to add the characteristic bitter taste to beer

From this reading “John, his son, had turned his back on intensive culture and had gone back to the old family failing of hops.”

intensive adjective US /ˌɪnˈtensɪv/

characterized by a high degree or intensity; often used as a combining form

From this reading “John, his son, had turned his back on intensive culture and had gone back to the old family failing of hops.”

litter noun US /ˈlɪtər/

the offspring at one birth of a multiparous mammal

From this reading “Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.”

squandered adjective US /ˈskwɑːndərd/

not used to good advantage

From this reading “Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading John, his son, had turned his back on intensive culture and had gone back to the old family failing of hops.

badlyadverbUS /ˈbædli/

to a severe or serious degree

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Buddesby claimed to be nothing more than a farmhouse of a rather exalted type.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

Buddesby

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

claimedverbUS /kleɪmd/

past form of “claim” — assert or affirm strongly; state to be true or existing

From this reading Buddesby claimed to be nothing more than a farmhouse of a rather exalted type.

cloches

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

comparedverbUS /kəmˈperd/

past form of “compare” — examine and note the similarities or differences of

From this reading ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.

culturenounUS /ˈkʌltʃər/

a particular society at a particular time and place

From this reading John, his son, had turned his back on intensive culture and had gone back to the old family failing of hops.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

ELLICE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.

Everards

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

exaltedadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɔːltɪd/

of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

From this reading Buddesby claimed to be nothing more than a farmhouse of a rather exalted type.

exceedinglyadverbUS /ɪkˈsiːdɪŋli/

to an extreme degree

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

failingnounUS /ˈfeɪlɪŋ/

a flaw or weak point

From this reading John, his son, had turned his back on intensive culture and had gone back to the old family failing of hops.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading John, his son, had turned his back on intensive culture and had gone back to the old family failing of hops.

farmersnounUS /ˈfɑːrmərz/

plural of “farmer” — a person who operates a farm

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

farmhousenounUS /ˈfɑːrmhaʊs/

house for a farmer and family

From this reading Buddesby claimed to be nothing more than a farmhouse of a rather exalted type.

farmingnounUS /ˈfɑːrmɪŋ/

the practice of cultivating the land or raising stock

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

fragmentsnounUS /ˈfræɡmənts/

plural of “fragment” — a piece broken off or cut off of something else

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

gardeningnounUS /ˈɡɑːrdənɪŋ/

the cultivation of plants

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

generationsnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “generation” — all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

glassnounUS /ɡlæs/

a brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading John, his son, had turned his back on intensive culture and had gone back to the old family failing of hops.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

HallnounUS /hɔːl/

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

hopsnounUS /hɑːps/

twining perennials having cordate leaves and flowers arranged in conelike spikes; the dried flowers of this plant are used in brewing to add the characteristic bitter taste to beer

From this reading John, his son, had turned his back on intensive culture and had gone back to the old family failing of hops.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.

intensiveadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtensɪv/

characterized by a high degree or intensity; often used as a combining form

From this reading John, his son, had turned his back on intensive culture and had gone back to the old family failing of hops.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading John, his son, had turned his back on intensive culture and had gone back to the old family failing of hops.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

Langbourne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

likelyadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪkli/

has a good chance of being the case or of coming about

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

litternounUS /ˈlɪtər/

the offspring at one birth of a multiparous mammal

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

LittleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

MatthewnounUS /ˈmæθjuː/

(New Testament) disciple of Jesus; traditionally considered to be the author of the first Gospel

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Buddesby claimed to be nothing more than a farmhouse of a rather exalted type.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Buddesby claimed to be nothing more than a farmhouse of a rather exalted type.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading John, his son, had turned his back on intensive culture and had gone back to the old family failing of hops.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

ownernounUS /ˈoʊnər/

(law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

ParishnounUS /ˈpærɪʃ/

a local church community

From this reading ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading Buddesby claimed to be nothing more than a farmhouse of a rather exalted type.

scalenounUS /skeɪl/

an ordered reference standard

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading John, his son, had turned his back on intensive culture and had gone back to the old family failing of hops.

squanderedadjectiveUS /ˈskwɑːndərd/

not used to good advantage

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

Starden

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Buddesby claimed to be nothing more than a farmhouse of a rather exalted type.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading For generations the Everards had been gentlemen farmers, farming their own land and doing exceedingly badly by it.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Buddesby claimed to be nothing more than a farmhouse of a rather exalted type.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading John, his son, had turned his back on intensive culture and had gone back to the old family failing of hops.

typenounUS /taɪp/

a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading Buddesby claimed to be nothing more than a farmhouse of a rather exalted type.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading ELLICE Buddesby, in the Parish of Little Langbourne, was a small place compared with Starden Hall.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Matthew, late owner of Buddesby, had taken up French gardening on a large scale, and had squandered a great part of his capital on glass cloches, fragments of which were likely to litter Buddesby for many a year to come.

Chapter 13 of The Imaginary Marriage by Henry St. John Cooper holds 113 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of The Imaginary Marriage contain?

Chapter 13 holds 113 sentences of The Imaginary Marriage, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of The Imaginary Marriage by Henry St. John Cooper exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 113 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of The Imaginary Marriage?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Imaginary Marriage

Common questions about reading The Imaginary Marriage by Henry St. John Cooper on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Imaginary Marriage?

Yes. All 5630 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #15103 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Imaginary Marriage is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #15103, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Imaginary Marriage take to read?

About 469 minutes of reading across 1126 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Imaginary Marriage section by section

How to work through The Imaginary Marriage section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in The Imaginary Marriage

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Imaginary Marriage, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Linden
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Imaginary Marriage; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Usual
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Imaginary Marriage; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Numerous
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Imaginary Marriage; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Inspections
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Imaginary Marriage; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.