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The Inferno
The Inferno

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of The Inferno is here in full — 415 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Inferno
Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The same background, the same half-light tarnishing them as when I first saw them together.
Amy and her lover were seated beside each other, not far from me.
They seemed to have been talking for some time already.
She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.
He was bending over, pale and vaguely outlined, with his hands on his knees.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Inferno

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of The Inferno is here in full — 415 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The same background, the same half-light tarnishing them as when I first saw them together.
Line 2
Amy and her lover were seated beside each other, not far from me.
Line 3
They seemed to have been talking for some time already.
/ðeɪ siːmd tuː hæv bɪn ˈtɔːkɪŋ fɔːr sʌm taɪm ɔːlˈredi/
Line 4
She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.
/ʃiː wɑːz ˈsɪtɪŋ bɪˈhaɪnd hɪm ɑːn ðə ˈsoʊfə kənˈsiːld baɪ ðə ˈʃæd.oʊ ʌv ðə ˈiːvnɪŋ ənd ðə ˈʃæd.oʊ ʌv ðə mæn/
Line 5
He was bending over, pale and vaguely outlined, with his hands on his knees.
/hiː wɑːz ˈbendɪŋ ˈoʊvər peɪl ənd ˈveɪɡli ˈaʊtlaɪnd wɪð hɪz hændz ɑːn hɪz niːz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

background noun US /ˈbækɡraʊnd/

a person's social heritage: previous experience or training

From this reading “The same background, the same half-light tarnishing them as when I first saw them together.”

bending noun US /ˈbendɪŋ/

movement that causes the formation of a curve

From this reading “He was bending over, pale and vaguely outlined, with his hands on his knees.”

concealed adjective US /kənˈsiːld/

not accessible to view

From this reading “She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.”

lover noun US /ˈlʌvər/

a person who loves someone or is loved by someone

From this reading “Amy and her lover were seated beside each other, not far from me.”

outlined adjective US /ˈaʊtlaɪnd/

showing clearly the outline or profile or boundary

From this reading “He was bending over, pale and vaguely outlined, with his hands on his knees.”

sofa noun US /ˈsoʊfə/

an upholstered seat for more than one person

From this reading “She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.”

tarnishing verb US /ˈtɑːrnɪʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “tarnish” — make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to air; also used metaphorically

From this reading “The same background, the same half-light tarnishing them as when I first saw them together.”

vaguely adverb US /ˈveɪɡli/

in a vague way

From this reading “He was bending over, pale and vaguely outlined, with his hands on his knees.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading They seemed to have been talking for some time already.

Amy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Amy and her lover were seated beside each other, not far from me.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Amy and her lover were seated beside each other, not far from me.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The same background, the same half-light tarnishing them as when I first saw them together.

backgroundnounUS /ˈbækɡraʊnd/

a person's social heritage: previous experience or training

From this reading The same background, the same half-light tarnishing them as when I first saw them together.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading They seemed to have been talking for some time already.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.

bendingnounUS /ˈbendɪŋ/

movement that causes the formation of a curve

From this reading He was bending over, pale and vaguely outlined, with his hands on his knees.

besideprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading Amy and her lover were seated beside each other, not far from me.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.

concealedadjectiveUS /kənˈsiːld/

not accessible to view

From this reading She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Amy and her lover were seated beside each other, not far from me.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Amy and her lover were seated beside each other, not far from me.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The same background, the same half-light tarnishing them as when I first saw them together.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They seemed to have been talking for some time already.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Amy and her lover were seated beside each other, not far from me.

half-lightnoun

a greyish light (as at dawn or dusk or in dim interiors)

From this reading The same background, the same half-light tarnishing them as when I first saw them together.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading He was bending over, pale and vaguely outlined, with his hands on his knees.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading They seemed to have been talking for some time already.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was bending over, pale and vaguely outlined, with his hands on his knees.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Amy and her lover were seated beside each other, not far from me.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He was bending over, pale and vaguely outlined, with his hands on his knees.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The same background, the same half-light tarnishing them as when I first saw them together.

kneesnounUS /niːz/

plural of “knee” — hinge joint in the human leg connecting the tibia and fibula with the femur and protected in front by the patella

From this reading He was bending over, pale and vaguely outlined, with his hands on his knees.

lovernounUS /ˈlʌvər/

a person who loves someone or is loved by someone

From this reading Amy and her lover were seated beside each other, not far from me.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Amy and her lover were seated beside each other, not far from me.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Amy and her lover were seated beside each other, not far from me.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Amy and her lover were seated beside each other, not far from me.

outlinedadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtlaɪnd/

showing clearly the outline or profile or boundary

From this reading He was bending over, pale and vaguely outlined, with his hands on his knees.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading He was bending over, pale and vaguely outlined, with his hands on his knees.

paleadjectiveUS /peɪl/

very light colored; highly diluted with white

From this reading He was bending over, pale and vaguely outlined, with his hands on his knees.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading The same background, the same half-light tarnishing them as when I first saw them together.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading The same background, the same half-light tarnishing them as when I first saw them together.

seatedadjectiveUS /ˈsiːtɪd/

(of persons) having the torso erect and legs bent with the body supported on the buttocks

From this reading Amy and her lover were seated beside each other, not far from me.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading They seemed to have been talking for some time already.

shadownounUS /ˈʃæd.oʊ/

A dark area or shape produced by a body coming between rays of light and a surface.

From this reading She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.

sittingnounUS /ˈsɪtɪŋ/

(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

From this reading She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.

sofanounUS /ˈsoʊfə/

an upholstered seat for more than one person

From this reading She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading They seemed to have been talking for some time already.

talkingnounUS /ˈtɔːkɪŋ/

an exchange of ideas via conversation

From this reading They seemed to have been talking for some time already.

tarnishingverbUS /ˈtɑːrnɪʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “tarnish” — make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to air; also used metaphorically

From this reading The same background, the same half-light tarnishing them as when I first saw them together.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The same background, the same half-light tarnishing them as when I first saw them together.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The same background, the same half-light tarnishing them as when I first saw them together.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They seemed to have been talking for some time already.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading They seemed to have been talking for some time already.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They seemed to have been talking for some time already.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading The same background, the same half-light tarnishing them as when I first saw them together.

vaguelyadverbUS /ˈveɪɡli/

in a vague way

From this reading He was bending over, pale and vaguely outlined, with his hands on his knees.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She was sitting behind him, on the sofa, concealed by the shadow of the evening and the shadow of the man.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Amy and her lover were seated beside each other, not far from me.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The same background, the same half-light tarnishing them as when I first saw them together.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He was bending over, pale and vaguely outlined, with his hands on his knees.

Chapter 7 of The Inferno by Henri Barbusse holds 415 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The Inferno contain?

Chapter 7 holds 415 sentences of The Inferno, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The Inferno by Henri Barbusse exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 415 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The Inferno?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Inferno

Common questions about reading The Inferno by Henri Barbusse on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Inferno?

Yes. All 3518 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12414 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Inferno is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12414, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Inferno take to read?

About 293 minutes of reading across 704 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Inferno section by section

How to work through The Inferno section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of The Inferno to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Inferno

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Inferno, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Landlady
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Inferno; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Madame
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Inferno; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lemercier
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Inferno; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Alone
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Inferno; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.