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The Infidel
The Infidel

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The Infidel is here in full — 91 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.
The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.
This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.
He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.
His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Infidel

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The Infidel is here in full — 91 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.
Line 2
The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.
Line 3
This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.
Line 4
He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.
/hiː sæt əˈpɑːn ə ˈneɪtɪv stuːl kɑːrvd ʌv ə ˈsɑːləd blɑːk ʌv wʊd ənd hɪz faɪn ˈkaʊntənəns ənd məˈdʒestɪk ˈfɪɡjər bɪˈsaɪdz ðə ædˈvæntɪdʒɪz ðeɪ rəˈsiːvd frʌm bɪˈkʌmɪŋ ˈɡɑːrmənts əˈpɪrd ˈiːvɪn ʌv ə mɔːr ˈeləveɪtɪd ˈbjuːti wen siːn baɪ ðɪs ˈsɑːləteri reɪ/
Line 5
His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

barbarous adjective US /ˈbɑːrbərəs/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading “The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.”

brilliantly adverb US /ˈbrɪljəntli/

with brightness

From this reading “This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.”

diffused adjective US /dɪˈfjuːzd/

(of light rays) subjected to scattering by reflection from a rough surface or transmission through a translucent material

From this reading “This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.”

moisture noun US /ˈmɔɪstʃər/

wetness caused by water

From this reading “His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.”

musing noun US /ˈmjuːzɪŋ/

a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

From this reading “Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.”

shaggy adjective US /ˈʃæɡi/

used of hair; thick and poorly groomed

From this reading “His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.”

tunic noun US /ˈtuːnɪk/

an enveloping or covering membrane or layer of body tissue

From this reading “The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.”

wardrobe noun US /ˈwɔːrdroʊb/

a tall piece of furniture that provides storage space for clothes; has a door and rails or hooks for hanging clothes

From this reading “The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

absolutely necessary adverb + adjective

In this reading “The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.”

shaggy coat adjective + noun

In this reading “His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.”

vast extent adjective + noun

In this reading “Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.”

majestic figure adjective + noun

In this reading “He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.”

sat musing noun + noun

In this reading “Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.”

two hours noun + noun

In this reading “Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.”

young man adjective + noun

a teenager or a young adult male

In this reading “His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.”

black cloth adjective + noun

In this reading “The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.”

All words in this reading · 158

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

absolutelyadverbUS /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

acceptverbUS /ækˈsept/

consider or hold as true

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

accompaniedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌmpənid/

having companions or an escort

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

advantagesnounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒɪz/

plural of “advantage” — the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

apartmentnounUS /əˈpɑːrtmənt/

a suite of rooms usually on one floor of an apartment house

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

armournounUS /ˈɑːrmər/

a military unit consisting of armored fighting vehicles

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

assistancenounUS /əˈsɪstəns/

the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

barbarousadjectiveUS /ˈbɑːrbərəs/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

bathnounUS /bæθ/

a vessel containing liquid in which something is immersed (as to process it or to maintain it at a constant temperature or to lubricate it)

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

becomingadjectiveUS /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

according with custom or propriety

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

Befo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

beheldverbUS /biˈheld/

inflected form of “behold” — see with attention

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

besideprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

besidesprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪdz/

in addition to; as well as

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

betrayedverbUS /bɪˈtreɪd/

past form of “betray” — reveal unintentionally

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

blocknounUS /blɑːk/

a solid piece of something (usually having flat rectangular sides)

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

bragas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

brilliantlyadverbUS /ˈbrɪljəntli/

with brightness

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

candlenounUS /ˈkændəl/

stick of wax with a wick in the middle

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

canopiedadjective

covered with or as with a canopy

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

capa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

Captain-General

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

carvedadjectiveUS /kɑːrvd/

made for or formed by carving (“carven” is archaic or literary)

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

chambersnounUS /ˈtʃeɪmbərz/

English architect (1723-1796)

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

cloaknounUS /kloʊk/

anything that covers or conceals

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

clothnounUS /klɔːθ/

artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

coarseadjectiveUS /kɔːrs/

of textures that are rough to the touch or substances consisting of relatively large particles

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

coatnounUS /koʊt/

an outer garment that has sleeves and covers the body from shoulder down; worn outdoors

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

companionnounUS /kəmˈpænjən/

a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

composedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpoʊzd/

serenely self-possessed and free from agitation especially in times of stress

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

costlyadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːstli/

entailing great loss or sacrifice

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

couchnounUS /kaʊtʃ/

an upholstered seat for more than one person

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

countenancenounUS /ˈkaʊntənəns/

the appearance conveyed by a person's face

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

diffusedadjectiveUS /dɪˈfjuːzd/

(of light rays) subjected to scattering by reflection from a rough surface or transmission through a translucent material

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

dischargedadjectiveUS /dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒd/

having lost your job

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

dognounUS /dɔːɡ/

a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

elevatedadjectiveUS /ˈeləveɪtɪd/

raised above the ground

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

embroideredverbUS /emˈbrɔɪdərd/

past form of “embroider” — decorate with needlework

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

exchangedadjectiveUS /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒd/

changed for (replaced by) something different

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

exileverbUS /ˈeɡzaɪl/

expel from a country

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

extentnounUS /ɪkˈstent/

the point or degree to which something extends

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

fashionnounUS /ˈfæʃən/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

figurenounUS /ˈfɪɡjər/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

furtheradverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

garmentsnounUS /ˈɡɑːrmənts/

plural of “garment” — an article of clothing

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

giftnounUS /ɡɪft/

something acquired without compensation

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

gleamingnounUS /ˈɡliːmɪŋ/

a flash of light (especially reflected light)

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

inducedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈduːst/

brought about or caused; not spontaneous

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

Juan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

lakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

Lerma

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

majesticadjectiveUS /məˈdʒestɪk/

majestic in manner or bearing; superior to mundane matters

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

mantlenounUS /ˈmæntəl/

the cloak as a symbol of authority

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

materialadjectiveUS /məˈtɪriəl/

concerned with worldly rather than spiritual interests

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

mattedadjective

tangled in a dense mass

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

modestynounUS /ˈmɑːdəsti/

freedom from vanity or conceit

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

moisturenounUS /ˈmɔɪstʃər/

wetness caused by water

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

musingnounUS /ˈmjuːzɪŋ/

a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

Nezahualcojotl

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

palacenounUS /ˈpæləs/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

platformnounUS /ˈplætfɔːrm/

a raised horizontal surface

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

presencenounUS /ˈprezəns/

the state of being present; current existence

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

raimentnoun

especially fine or decorative clothing

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

raynounUS /reɪ/

a column of light (as from a beacon)

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

readernounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

reluctancenounUS /rɪˈlʌktəns/

(physics) opposition to magnetic flux (analogous to electric resistance)

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

returningadjectiveUS /rɪˈtɜːrnɪŋ/

tending to return to an earlier state

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

richlyadverbUS /ˈrɪtʃli/

to an ample degree or in an ample manner

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

shaggyadjectiveUS /ˈʃæɡi/

used of hair; thick and poorly groomed

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

sharedadjectiveUS /ʃerd/

have in common; held or experienced in common

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

shiningadjectiveUS /ˈʃaɪnɪŋ/

marked by exceptional merit

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

solidadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləd/

characterized by good substantial quality

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

solitaryadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləteri/

characterized by or preferring solitude

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

stoolnounUS /stuːl/

a simple seat without a back or arms

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

substituteverbUS /ˈsʌbstətuːt/

put in the place of another; switch seemingly equivalent items

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

suitverbUS /suːt/

be agreeable or acceptable to

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

surcoatnoun

a loose outer coat usually of rich material

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

tilmaltli

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

tunicnounUS /ˈtuːnɪk/

an enveloping or covering membrane or layer of body tissue

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

unknownadjectiveUS /ənˈnoʊn/

not known

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

valuableadjectiveUS /ˈvæljəbəl/

having great material or monetary value especially for use or exchange

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

vastadjectiveUS /væst/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

velvetnounUS /ˈvelvət/

a silky densely piled fabric with a plain back

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

wardrobenounUS /ˈwɔːrdroʊb/

a tall piece of furniture that provides storage space for clothes; has a door and rails or hooks for hanging clothes

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

waxenadjective

made of or covered with wax

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

well-timedadjective

done or happening at the appropriate or proper time

From this reading This valuable and well-timed gift lay upon a platform beside his matted and canopied couch, shining brilliantly in the light which a waxen candle diffused throughout the apartment.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Some two hours or more after he had been discharged from the presence of the Captain-General, Juan Lerma sat musing in one of the many hundred chambers which composed the vast extent of the palace of Nezahualcojotl, a different being from that the reader beheld him returning from exile.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading He sat upon a native stool, carved of a solid block of wood, and his fine countenance and majestic figure, besides the advantages they received from becoming garments, appeared even of a more elevated beauty, when seen by this solitary ray.

xaqueta

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The coarse _tilmaltli_, or native cloak, and the barbarous tunic, had been exchanged for raiment of a better material and fashion, a part of which,--the _bragas_ and _xaqueta_, at least--were from the wardrobe of the general, while modesty, or reluctance to accept any further of such assistance than was absolutely necessary, had induced him to substitute for the plain but costly _capa_, or mantle, of velvet, the long surcoat of black cloth, very richly embroidered, which had, as he was told, accompanied the suit of armour, sent by his unknown friend.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading His only companion was the dog Befo, whose shaggy coat, yet gleaming with moisture, betrayed that he had shared with the young man his evening bath in the lake.

Chapter 9 of The Infidel by Robert Montgomery Bird holds 91 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of The Infidel contain?

Chapter 9 holds 91 sentences of The Infidel, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of The Infidel by Robert Montgomery Bird exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 91 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of The Infidel?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Infidel

Common questions about reading The Infidel by Robert Montgomery Bird on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Infidel?

Yes. All 2710 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34529 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Infidel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34529, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Infidel take to read?

About 225 minutes of reading across 542 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Infidel section by section

How to work through The Infidel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of The Infidel to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Infidel

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Infidel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Traveller
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Infidel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wanders
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Infidel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Present
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Infidel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Along
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Infidel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.