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The Insurgent Chief
The Insurgent Chief

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of The Insurgent Chief is here in full — 205 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/41 · 5 lines
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THE COUGAR.
About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.
At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.
This troop, composed of some 250 or 300 men at the most, wore the characteristic costume of Guaycurus Indians.
It was evening.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Insurgent Chief

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of The Insurgent Chief is here in full — 205 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/41 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE COUGAR.
/ðə ˈkuːɡər/
Line 2
About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.
Line 3
At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.
Line 4
This troop, composed of some 250 or 300 men at the most, wore the characteristic costume of Guaycurus Indians.
Line 5
It was evening.
/ɪt wɑːz ˈiːvnɪŋ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Brazilians noun US /brəˈzɪljənz/

plural of “brazilian” — a native or inhabitant of Brazil

From this reading “About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.”

camped verb US /kæmpt/

past form of “camp” — live in or as if in a tent

From this reading “At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.”

cougar noun US /ˈkuːɡər/

large American feline resembling a lion

From this reading “THE COUGAR.”

oaks noun US /oʊks/

plural of “oak” — the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading “At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.”

ravines noun US /rəˈviːnz/

plural of “ravine” — a deep narrow steep-sided valley (especially one formed by running water)

From this reading “At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.”

ridges noun US /ˈrɪdʒəz/

plural of “ridge” — a long narrow natural elevation or striation

From this reading “At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.”

smoothed adjective US /smuːðd/

made smooth by ironing

From this reading “At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.”

treaty noun US /ˈtriːti/

a written agreement between two states or sovereigns

From this reading “About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

steep mountain adjective + noun

In this reading “At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.”

thick forest adjective + noun

In this reading “At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.”

passed since verb + particle counted as “pass since”

In this reading “About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.”

at the entrance preposition + article + noun counted as “at … entrance”

In this reading “At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.”

dry bed noun + noun

In this reading “At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.”

At the foot preposition + article + noun counted as “at … foot”

In this reading “At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

250

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This troop, composed of some 250 or 300 men at the most, wore the characteristic costume of Guaycurus Indians.

300

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This troop, composed of some 250 or 300 men at the most, wore the characteristic costume of Guaycurus Indians.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

AboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

alliesnounUS /ˈælaɪz/

the alliance of nations that fought the Axis in World War II and which (with subsequent additions) signed the charter of the United Nations in 1945

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

bednounUS /bed/

a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

Bosquecillo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

BraziliansnounUS /brəˈzɪljənz/

plural of “brazilian” — a native or inhabitant of Brazil

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

campedverbUS /kæmpt/

past form of “camp” — live in or as if in a tent

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

canyonnounUS /ˈkænjən/

a ravine formed by a river in an area with little rainfall

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

characteristicnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading This troop, composed of some 250 or 300 men at the most, wore the characteristic costume of Guaycurus Indians.

composedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpoʊzd/

serenely self-possessed and free from agitation especially in times of stress

From this reading This troop, composed of some 250 or 300 men at the most, wore the characteristic costume of Guaycurus Indians.

conclusionnounUS /kənˈkluːʒən/

a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

costumenounUS /kɑːˈstuːm/

the attire worn in a play or at a fancy dress ball

From this reading This troop, composed of some 250 or 300 men at the most, wore the characteristic costume of Guaycurus Indians.

COUGARnounUS /ˈkuːɡər/

large American feline resembling a lion

From this reading THE COUGAR.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

del

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

dryadjectiveUS /draɪ/

free from liquid or moisture; lacking natural or normal moisture or depleted of water; or no longer wet

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

entrancenounUS /ˈentrəns/

something that provides access (to get in or get out)

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading It was evening.

exhaustedadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

forestnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

Guaycurus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

horsemennounUS /ˈhɔːrsmən/

plural of “horseman” — a man skilled in equitation

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading This troop, composed of some 250 or 300 men at the most, wore the characteristic costume of Guaycurus Indians.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was evening.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading This troop, composed of some 250 or 300 men at the most, wore the characteristic costume of Guaycurus Indians.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

monthnounUS /mʌnθ/

one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading This troop, composed of some 250 or 300 men at the most, wore the characteristic costume of Guaycurus Indians.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

numerousadjectiveUS /ˈnuːmərəs/

amounting to a large indefinite number

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

oaksnounUS /oʊks/

plural of “oak” — the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading This troop, composed of some 250 or 300 men at the most, wore the characteristic costume of Guaycurus Indians.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

ravinesnounUS /rəˈviːnz/

plural of “ravine” — a deep narrow steep-sided valley (especially one formed by running water)

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

ridgesnounUS /ˈrɪdʒəz/

plural of “ridge” — a long narrow natural elevation or striation

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

Rincón

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

roundedadjectiveUS /ˈraʊndəd/

curving and somewhat round in shape rather than jagged

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

ruggedadjectiveUS /ˈrʌɡəd/

sturdy and strong in constitution or construction; enduring

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

smoothedadjectiveUS /smuːðd/

made smooth by ironing

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

soilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading This troop, composed of some 250 or 300 men at the most, wore the characteristic costume of Guaycurus Indians.

steepadjectiveUS /stiːp/

having a sharp inclination

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

stonesnounUS /stoʊnz/

plural of “stone” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

surroundedadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪd/

confined on all sides

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE COUGAR.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

torrentnounUS /ˈtɔːrənt/

a heavy rain

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

treatynounUS /ˈtriːti/

a written agreement between two states or sovereigns

From this reading About a month had passed since the conclusion of the treaty between the Brazilians, the Guaycurus, and their allies of the Rincón del Bosquecillo.

troopnounUS /truːp/

a group of soldiers

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading At the foot of a steep mountain, surrounded by ridges and ravines, the rugged soil of which was covered with a thick forest of oaks, a numerous troop of horsemen was camped at the entrance of a canyon--the dry bed of a torrent--the soil of which was covered with stones rounded and smoothed by the action of the water, which was at this moment exhausted.

woreverbUS /wɔːr/

inflected form of “wear” — be dressed in

From this reading This troop, composed of some 250 or 300 men at the most, wore the characteristic costume of Guaycurus Indians.

Chapter 13 of The Insurgent Chief by Gustave Aimard holds 205 sentences, grouped into 41 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of The Insurgent Chief contain?

Chapter 13 holds 205 sentences of The Insurgent Chief, unabridged, divided into 41 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of The Insurgent Chief by Gustave Aimard exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 205 sentences, grouped into 41 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of The Insurgent Chief?

Work through the 41 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 41 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Insurgent Chief

Common questions about reading The Insurgent Chief by Gustave Aimard on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Insurgent Chief?

Yes. All 4249 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #45402 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Insurgent Chief is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #45402, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Insurgent Chief take to read?

About 354 minutes of reading across 850 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Insurgent Chief section by section

How to work through The Insurgent Chief section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of The Insurgent Chief to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Insurgent Chief

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Insurgent Chief, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Babel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Insurgent Chief; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hathitrust
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Insurgent Chief; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thumb
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Insurgent Chief; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Insurgent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Insurgent Chief; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.