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The Insurgent Chief
The Insurgent Chief

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of The Insurgent Chief is here in full — 206 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/41 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE PARTISAN.
We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.
This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.
At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.
The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Insurgent Chief

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of The Insurgent Chief is here in full — 206 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/41 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE PARTISAN.
/ðə ˈpɑːrtəzən/
Line 2
We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.
Line 3
This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.
Line 4
At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.
/æt ðə ˈbɑːtəm ənd ɑːn ðə saɪdz ˈsevrəl ˈɡæləriz ˈoʊpənd wɪtʃ wɜːr lɔːst ˈʌndər ðə ˈmaʊntən æt ˈprɑːbəbliː ˈveri ɡreɪt ˈdɪstənsəz/
Line 5
The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.
/ðə spɑːt wer ðə ˈpɑːrtəzənz stɑːpt ðæt ɪz tuː seɪ æt ə fjuː steps frʌm ðə ˈoʊpənɪŋ kənˈteɪnd ˈsevrəl siːts fɔːrmd baɪ blɑːks ʌv oʊk ˈɔːkwərdli skwerd ənd tuː ɔːr θriː ˈmæsəz ʌv draɪd liːvz ˈsɜːrvɪŋ ˈprɑːbəbliː fɔːr bedz tuː ðoʊz huː keɪm tuː siːk ə ˈtempəreri ˈrefjuːdʒ ɪn ðɪs pleɪs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

accosting verb US /əˈkɑːstɪŋ/

-ing form of “accost” — speak to someone

From this reading “We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.”

Cougar noun US /ˈkuːɡər/

large American feline resembling a lion

From this reading “We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.”

fissures noun US /ˈfɪʃərz/

plural of “fissure” — a long narrow depression in a surface

From this reading “This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.”

imperceptible adjective US /ˌɪmpərˈseptɪbəl/

impossible or difficult to perceive by the mind or senses

From this reading “This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.”

partisan noun US /ˈpɑːrtəzən/

a fervent and even militant proponent of something

From this reading “THE PARTISAN.”

partisans noun US /ˈpɑːrtəzənz/

plural of “partisan” — a fervent and even militant proponent of something

From this reading “The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.”

squared adjective US /skwerd/

having been made square

From this reading “The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.”

Zeno noun US /ˈzeɪnoʊ/

ancient Greek philosopher who formulated paradoxes that defended the belief that motion and change are illusory (circa 495-430 BC)

From this reading “We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

almost imperceptible adverb + adjective

In this reading “This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.”

dried leaves adjective + noun counted as “dried leaf”

In this reading “The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.”

few steps adjective + noun

In this reading “The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.”

same time adjective + noun

In this reading “This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.”

At the bottom preposition + article + noun counted as “at … bottom”

In this reading “At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.”

great distances adjective + noun counted as “great distance”

In this reading “At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.”

on account preposition + noun

In this reading “This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.”

made use adjective + noun

In this reading “We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.”

All words in this reading · 120

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

accostingverbUS /əˈkɑːstɪŋ/

-ing form of “accost” — speak to someone

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

awkwardlyadverbUS /ˈɔːkwərdli/

in an awkward manner

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

bedsnounUS /bedz/

plural of “bed” — a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

blocksnounUS /blɑːks/

plural of “block” — a solid piece of something (usually having flat rectangular sides)

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

Cabral

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

cavernnounUS /ˈkæv.ərn/

A large, vast underground cave, often filled with forgotten ancient treasures.

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

centrenounUS /ˈsentər/

a low-lying region in central France

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

chiefsnounUS /tʃiːfs/

plural of “chief” — a person who is in charge

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

conformationnoun

a symmetrical arrangement of the parts of a thing

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

containedadjectiveUS /kənˈteɪnd/

gotten under control

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

CougarnounUS /ˈkuːɡər/

large American feline resembling a lion

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

difficultynounUS /ˈdɪfəkəlti/

an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

distancesnounUS /ˈdɪstənsəz/

plural of “distance” — the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.

distinguishverbUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/

mark as different

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

DonnounUS /dɑːn/

a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

driedadjectiveUS /draɪd/

not still wet

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

entrynounUS /ˈentri/

an item inserted in a written record

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

fissuresnounUS /ˈfɪʃərz/

plural of “fissure” — a long narrow depression in a surface

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

galleriesnounUS /ˈɡæləriz/

plural of “gallery” — spectators at a golf or tennis match

From this reading At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

Guaycurus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

imperceptibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmpərˈseptɪbəl/

impossible or difficult to perceive by the mind or senses

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

knowingadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊɪŋ/

evidencing the possession of inside information

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

massesnounUS /ˈmæsəz/

the common people generally

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

Montonero

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

oaknounUS /oʊk/

the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.

openingnounUS /ˈoʊpənɪŋ/

an open or empty space in or between things

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

PARTISANnounUS /ˈpɑːrtəzən/

a fervent and even militant proponent of something

From this reading THE PARTISAN.

partisansnounUS /ˈpɑːrtəzənz/

plural of “partisan” — a fervent and even militant proponent of something

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

penetrateverbUS /ˈpenətreɪt/

pass into or through, often by overcoming resistance

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

perfectlyadverbUS /ˈpɜːrfəktli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

refugenounUS /ˈrefjuːdʒ/

a safe place

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

rendezvousnounUS /ˈrɑːndɪvuː/

a meeting planned at a certain time and place

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

renewedadjectiveUS /rɪˈnuːd/

restored to a new condition

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

seatsnounUS /siːts/

an area that includes places where several people can sit

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

seekverbUS /siːk/

try to get or reach

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

servingnounUS /ˈsɜːrvɪŋ/

an individual quantity of food or drink taken as part of a meal

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.

sidesnounUS /saɪdz/

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.

spotnounUS /spɑːt/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

squaredadjectiveUS /skwerd/

having been made square

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

stoppedadjectiveUS /stɑːpt/

(of a nose) blocked

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

temporaryadjectiveUS /ˈtempəreri/

not permanent; not lasting

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE PARTISAN.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

vastadjectiveUS /væst/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading At the bottom and on the sides several galleries opened, which were lost under the mountain at probably very great distances.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The spot where the partisans stopped, that is to say at a few steps from the opening, contained several seats formed by blocks of oak awkwardly squared, and two or three masses of dried leaves, serving probably for beds to those who came to seek a temporary refuge in this place.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading This cavern--the entry of which, without knowing it well, it was impossible to distinguish from without, by reason of the conformation of the ground of which it formed the centre, and of the difficulty with which it was reached--was vast and perfectly light, on account of a number of almost imperceptible fissures which allowed the light to penetrate at the same time as it renewed the air.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

ZenonounUS /ˈzeɪnoʊ/

ancient Greek philosopher who formulated paradoxes that defended the belief that motion and change are illusory (circa 495-430 BC)

From this reading We must now return to the Guaycurus chiefs, whom we left at the moment when, following Don Zeno Cabral, they entered a cavern where the Montonero--at least according to the words he made use of in accosting them--appeared to have given a rendezvous to the Cougar.

Chapter 20 of The Insurgent Chief by Gustave Aimard holds 206 sentences, grouped into 42 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of The Insurgent Chief contain?

Chapter 20 holds 206 sentences of The Insurgent Chief, unabridged, divided into 42 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of The Insurgent Chief by Gustave Aimard exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 206 sentences, grouped into 42 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of The Insurgent Chief?

Work through the 42 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 42 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Insurgent Chief

Common questions about reading The Insurgent Chief by Gustave Aimard on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Insurgent Chief?

Yes. All 4249 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #45402 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Insurgent Chief is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #45402, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Insurgent Chief take to read?

About 354 minutes of reading across 850 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Insurgent Chief section by section

How to work through The Insurgent Chief section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of The Insurgent Chief to begin.

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Insurgent Chief

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Insurgent Chief, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Babel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Insurgent Chief; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hathitrust
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Insurgent Chief; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thumb
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Insurgent Chief; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Insurgent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Insurgent Chief; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.